The Effectiviness of Ketapang (Terminalia Cattapa L.) Leave Extract for the Treatment of Aeromonas Salmonicida Infection in Catfish (Pangasioniodon Hypophthalmus)

Catfish is one of the fish species with certain advantages that attract the farmers interest to culture. The species becomes popular following the successful spawning in the pond. Additionally, catfishes have high economic value due to their rapid growth and response to good artificial feed. Their farming activities are inseparable from concerns about their potential diseases. Diseases in farmed fish can be caused by fungi, parasites, bacteria and viruses. One type of bacterium to take serious control is Aeromonas salmonicida. This pathogenic bacteria may cause furuncle and death of farmed fish. The use of ketapang leaves is effective in inhibiting or killing the pathogenic A. salmonicida in catfish. In the present study, each test used a sample of 10 catfishes of approximately 10 cm in size. Parameters of the test consist of survival rates and pathologic lesions. The feed treatment consisted of ketapang leaf extract in concentrations of 100, 200, and 300 mg / ml, and a positive control and a negative control. Each treatment consisted of 3 replicates, and were analyzed statistically. The results indicated that the LD50 (Lethal Dose), MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) are 107 cfu/ml, 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml, respectively. The most effective concentration of ketapang leaf for the treatment of A. salmonicida infection in the catfish is 200 mg/ml. This is indicated by the highest level of catfish survival and the lowest rate of the pathologic lesions

Drift instability in the motion of a fluid droplet with a chemically reactive surface driven by Marangoni flow

We theoretically derive the amplitude equations for a self-propelled droplet driven by Marangoni flow. As advective flow driven by surface tension gradient is enhanced, the stationary state becomes unstable and the droplet starts to move. The velocity of the droplet is determined from a cubic nonlinear term in the amplitude equations. The obtained critical point and the characteristic velocity are well supported by numerical simulations.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Comparing the QCD potential in Perturbative QCD and Lattice QCD at large distances

We compare the perturbatively calculated QCD potential to that obtained from lattice calculations in the theory without light quark flavours. We examine E_tot(r) = 2 m_pole + V_QCD(r) by re-expressing it in the MSbar mass m = m^MSbar(m^MSbar) and by choosing specific prescriptions for fixing the scale mu (dependent on r and m). By adjusting m so as to maximise the range of convergence, we show that perturbative and lattice calculations agree up to 3*r_0 ~ 7.5 GeV^-1 (r_0 is the Sommer scale) within the uncertainty of order Lambda^3 r^2.Comment: Version to appear in Eur.J.Phys; 16 pages, 7 figure

Heavy-Quark Potentials and AdS/QCD

We give an example of modeling phenomenological heavy-quark potentials in a five-dimensional framework nowadays known as AdS/QCD. In particular we emphasize the absence of infrared renormalons.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures; v3: some corrections, to appear in PR