Indian Water Erosion Dataset

<p>IWED (Indian Water Erosion Dataset) consists of long term annual Potential Soil Loss (PSL), Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR), Specific Sediment Yield (SSY) and all the five factors (R, K, LS, C and P) of the RUSLE Model at the national scale having a composite spatial resolution of 250 m. This dataset will be valuable for strategic planning at the national level to apply soil mitigation and conservation approaches for sustainable soil management in light of the impact of soil losses on soil and agricultural productivity.</p&gt

Temporal moment-based approach to understand the dissolved-phase LNAPL recovery and associated characteristics in the porous system under dynamic groundwater table conditions

The dissolved-phase hydrocarbon recovery can be the first step in decontaminating the soil–water system if spilled with light/dense non-aqueous phase liquid (L/D-NAPL). This study proposes a temporal moment-based approach to investigate the effectiveness of groundwater table manipulations for recovering dissolved-phase byproducts of light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) from the subsurface system. Temporal moments were computed utilizing experimentally observed and HYDRUS-simulated dissolved-phase toluene concentration data, representative of LNAPL, under stable and dynamic groundwater table fluctuation (GWTF) scenarios. Zeroth temporal moment (ZTM) showed that the hydrocarbon mass recovery varied from 1,804 to 5,190.6 mg/L × h, with the highest variation for the rapid GWTF scenario. An increase in the ZTM of hydrocarbon was observed with an increase in the rate of change of magnitude of the water table and pore velocity fluctuation as in the case of a rapid GWTF as compared to a stable GWTF case. The value of mean residence time for the stable groundwater table case was highest for the entire experimental duration, followed by slow, general, and rapid cases. Temporal moment analysis revealed that the high dissolved-phase hydrocarbon recovery could be achieved by manipulating groundwater table conditions. The present study provides a powerful technique to improve dissolved hydrocarbon remediation in mineral aquifers using hydrological restorations. HIGHLIGHTS 2D sand tank experiments were performed under varying subsurface flow conditions.; The LNAPL recovery increases with water level fluctuation amplitudes.; Water table manipulation can act as a remediation tool for LNAPL-polluted sites.; The outcomes will help to advise the remediation and management of polluted sites.

Self-supply groundwater in five communities: Moshie Zongo, Aboabo, Kotei, Ayeduase and Apemso in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Self-supply water has been acknowledged as a viable alternative to meeting the water needs of inhabitants. This study was designed to determine the main issues that influence self-supply water coverage in five (5) communities in the Kumasi Metropolis. The research employed a well-structured questionnaires and a total of 369 households were surveyed. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and Microsoft Excel (2016) tools were used to analyse the data. The outcomes of the research show that a greater number of the respondents (77 %) did not have connections to the Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL) distribution system. Approximately, 69 % of respondents had access to alternative water sources with mechanized boreholes forming the majority (32 %). However, a greater number of the respondents (64 %) did not disinfect their water to make it potable. The most favourable drinking water source for a greater number of the residents (51 %) was sachet water. The study showed there was a significant association between respondents' type or source of water with religion (p < 0.000), household size (p < 0.000), duration of stay (p = 0.026) and number of dependents (p = 0.006). However, there was no association between type or source of water with educational level (p = 0.130), occupation (p = 0.310), income level (p = 0.139) and type of home (p = 0.102). This study revealed that self-supply is contributing to the water needs of some residents in Kumasi and could contribute to the country's accomplishment of SDG 6.1 if residents ensure that it is safely managed. To broaden the scope of the study and the impact of self-supply groundwater, additional studies should be conducted in other communities, as well as the extent of other beneficiaries who have access to self-supply facilities other than the owners