Keragaman Genetik Populasi Kayu Merah (Pterocarpus Indicus Willd) Menggunakan Penanda Ramdom Amplified Polymorphism Dna

Kayu merah ( Pterocarpus indicus Willd) which listed as one of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in the category Vulnerable (VU A1D) is naturally distributed throughout Indonesia included Java, Sulawesi, Maluku, Bali, East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara and Papua. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers have been used to analyze the genetic diversity of six (6) natural populations of kayu merah from Seram Island, Manggarai Timur-Flores, Ngada-Flores, Soe-Timor Tengah Selatan, Kefamenanu-Timor Tengah Utara and Kupang. Ninety-nine (99) polymorphic loci were obtained from twelve RAPD primers. The mean of genetic diversity was 0.2024. Population with the highest genetic diversity was Soe (0.2925) and the lowest genetic diversity was Ngada (0.1212). The highest genetic distance among the populations was between Ngada and Kefamenanu (0.376), while the nearest genetic distance was between Ngada and Manggarai Timur (0.060). The informations resulted from this study are important to support the tree improvement and conservation programme of kayu merah

Genetic Diversity in Kayu Merah (Pterocarpus Indicus Willd) Populations Using Random Amplified Polymorphism Dna Marker

Kayu merah ( Pterocarpus indicus Willd) which listed as one of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in the category Vulnerable (VU A1D) is naturally distributed throughout Indonesia included Java, Sulawesi, Maluku, Bali, East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara and Papua. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers have been used to analyze the genetic diversity of six (6) natural populations of kayu merah from Seram Island, Manggarai Timur-Flores, Ngada-Flores, Soe-Timor Tengah Selatan, Kefamenanu-Timor Tengah Utara and Kupang. Ninety-nine (99) polymorphic loci were obtained from twelve RAPD primers. The mean of genetic diversity was 0.2024. Population with the highest genetic diversity was Soe (0.2925) and the lowest genetic diversity was Ngada (0.1212). The highest genetic distance among the populations was between Ngada and Kefamenanu (0.376), while the nearest genetic distance was between Ngada and Manggarai Timur (0.060). The informations resulted from this study are important to support the tree improvement and conservation programme of kayu mera

Hubungan Kekerabatan Shorea Gysbertsiana Dengan Tiga Jenis Shorea Penghasil Tengkawang Lainnya Berdasarkan Penanda Rapd

The Shorea tengkawang species; Shorea pinanga, S. stenoptera, S. macrophylla and S. gysbertsiana known for their high-value wood and non-wood products. Shorea tengkawang produces tengkawang oil which usually used as a raw material and supporting material for the manufacture of food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. This study determines the genetic relationship of S. gysbertsiana to another three Shorea species uses RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA) specific loci. There were 13 specific alleles obtained from 6 RAPD primers. Among these specific alleles, there were 8 loci shared between S. gysbertsiana and S. macrophylla, and 2 loci shared with S. stenoptera. There were no specific loci shared between S. gysbertsiana and S. pinanga. This study found one specific locus for S. gysbertsiana and one specific locus between S. stenoptera and S. pinanga. These results revealed a very close genetik relationship of S. gysbertsiana to S. macrophylla and S. stenoptera.The specific loci found in this study can be used to support the morphological identification, also for supporting conservation program of these four Shorea species

Keragaman Genetik Anakan Shorea Leprosula Berdasarkan Penanda Mikrosatelit

Genetic diversity value of offspring might indicate a reproductive success in a forest. Aim in this study was to access genetic diversity values of offspring of Shorea leprosula from different forest types. Leaf samples were collected from six population i.e. a plantation from Carita, and five natural forests from Gunung Bunga A and B, SBK, ITCI and Gunung Lumut. Using four microsatellite markers, the results showed that SBK population maintained high value of genetic diversity. Values of expected heterozygosity (HE) ranged between 0.717 (Carita) and 0.836 (SBK). Values of coefficient inbreeding (F) were insignificant deviated from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, but the value was significant in SBK population. PCA analysis demonstrated a cluster among Gunung Bunga A, SBK, ITCI, and Gunung Lumut. Amova showed that different province significantly contributed 1% to the value of genetic diversity of S. leprosula

Screening Penanda Mikrosatelit Shorea Curtisii Terhadap Jenis-jenis Shorea Penghasil Tengkawang

Screening primer is an effective method to develop microsatellite markers from related taxa. Aim of this study was to develop microsatellite markers of four Shorea producing tengkawang oil, i.e. Shorea gysbertiana, Shorea macrophylla, Shorea pinanga and Shorea stenoptera by screening microsatellite primers of Shorea curtisii. Leaf samples of the four Shorea were collected from nursery at Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement Research in Yogyakarta. Four microsatellite primers of S. curtisii i.e. Shc-1, Shc-2, Shc-7 and Shc-9 had been used to screen. Results showed that numerous alleles were shared among the Shorea. The expected heterozygosity (HE) for locus Shc-1 ranged between 0.594 and 0.722; locus Shc-2 ranged between 0.219 and 0.611; locus Shc-7 ranged between 0.594 and 0.778; and locus Shc-9 ranged between 0.594 and 0.844. Coefficient of inbreeding (FIS) value was low and it was insignificant deviated from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) at almost all loci except Shc-1 of S. pinanga. A dendrogram showed two clusters; S. gysbertsiana and S. macrophylla represented in one cluster, while S. pinanga and S. stenoptera represented in another cluster. Therefore the developed microsatellite markers are possible to be applied for studying population genetics and mating system of these species

Karakteristik Pembungaan Dan Sistem Perkawinan Nyamplung (Calophyllum Inophyllum) Pada Hutan Tanaman Di Watusipat, Gunung Kidul

Flowering are influenced by internal factors, such as genetic and phytohormone, and environment factors, such as sunlight and nutrition intake. The flowering characteristics influence fruiting and genetic diversity seedlings through mating systems. This study aims to assess flowering and fruiting characteristics and to determine pattern of mating system of a Calophyllum inophyllum plantation at Watusipat, Gunung Kidul. Flowering and fruiting were observed at 4 locations, 3 parts of crown, and 4 main directions to know the effects of sunlight, nutrition intake and phytohormone in the flowering process. Mating system was assessed by comparing genetic diversity values between parent trees and offsprings. The values of genetic diversity were analyzed using 5 RAPD primers with 17 polymorphic loci. Analysis of variant showed that the locations, crown parts, directions and interaction between a location and direction significantly affected to differences number of flowers and fruits. Values of genetic diversity (h) of parent trees ranged between 0.1471 and 0.3056. The values increased at almost overall offsprings; it ranged between 0.2864 and 0.3750. Values of genetic distance (Da) between parent trees were high and very high (0.197 – 0.364), but the values was decreased between parent trees and their offspring, even between offspring populations. A dendrogram showed two main clusters; first cluster consisted parent trees at up edge with rare trees and second cluster consisted sub cluster parent trees at up edge; sub cluster parent trees at down middle; and sub cluster parent trees at down edge and overall offsprings. Flowering/ fruiting characteristics and pattern of mating systems of C. inophyllum were briefly discussed

Genetic Relationship of Ulin (Eusideroxylon Zwageri Teijsm. &Binn.) Wildlings Using Random Amplified Polymorphism Dna Markers

The study aimed to assess genetic diversity and genetic relationship of ulin wildlings randomly collected from a nursery and originated from Bukit Soeharto natural forest, East Kalimantan. DNA templates were extracted from leaf samples of 1.5 years old wildings. Five RAPD primers consisted 55 polymorphic loci were used for genetic studies. Genetic diversity and relationship were analyzed using GenAlex software. The results showed moderate mean value of genetic diversity (HE=0,345, SE 0,015) of the wildings. Forty eight wildings were clustered in only 3 groups; almost all wildings (65%) were clustered in one main cluster. Moreover, 4 wildlings were clones (8%). In conclusion, the 48 wildings of ulin consisted high genetic relationship and individual clones that reflects the low genetic diversity of this species

Kekerabatan Genetik Anakan Alam Ulin (Eusideroxylon Zwageri Teijsm. & Binn.) Menggunakan Penanda Random Amplified Polymorphism Dna

The study aimed to assess genetic diversity and genetic relationship of ulin wildlings randomly collected from a nursery and originated from Bukit Soeharto natural forest, East Kalimantan. DNA templates were extracted from leaf samples of 1.5 years old wildings. Five RAPD primers consisted 55 polymorphic loci were used for genetic studies. Genetic diversity and relationship were analyzed using GenAlex software. The results showed moderate mean value of genetic diversity (HE=0,345, SE 0,015) of the wildings. Forty eight wildings were clustered in only 3 groups; almost all wildings (65%) were clustered in one main cluster. Moreover, 4 wildlings were clones (8%). In conclusion, the 48 wildings of ulin consisted high genetic relationship and individual clones that reflects the low genetic diversity of this species