Incidence and relative reduction of preventable ADR for top 5 most frequently observed diagnoses.

<p>Incidence and relative reduction of preventable ADR for top 5 most frequently observed diagnoses.</p

Evaluation of preventable adverse drug reactions by implementation of the nationwide network of prospective drug utilization review program in Korea

<div><p>Background</p><p>A prospective Drug Utilization Review (DUR) program has been implemented in Korea to improve the quality and safety of medication use.</p><p>Objective</p><p>To evaluate the influence of the DUR program in reducing incidence of preventable adverse drug reactions (pADRs).</p><p>Methods</p><p>This study was performed using administrative data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). The claims data for all adult patients with adverse drug events (ADE)-related diagnoses from 2009 to 2014 were obtained. Incidence rates of first-time and repeat pADRs prior to and after DUR program implementation were evaluated. Quarterly trends in incidence rates of overall ADE, allergic reactions, and ADRs were analyzed.</p><p>Results</p><p>Data extraction covering the period from 2009 to 2014 led to the identification of 3,927,662 records. First-time pADR rates decreased gradually after implementation of the DUR program (change in slope: -0.016, p = 0.02). The program had a similar influence on repeat pADR rates (change in slope: -0.006, p≤0.01). The program did not decrease rates of first-time or repeat allergic reactions (change in slope: 0.018, p = 0.07 and 0.003, p = 0.04, respectively). In the cohort aged ≤65 years, first-time pADR rate reduction was significant (28.2% [27.1–29.3] in ≤18 years, and 19.8% [18.1–21.5] in 19–64 years). In contrast, first-time pADR rate was increased by 0.6% [-0.7–1.9] in patients ≥65 years.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Implementation of the prospective DUR program effectively reduced the number of pADRs. In the future, to reduce non-preventable ADRs such as allergic reactions, provision of clinical information including allergy history should be added to the DUR program.</p></div

Incidence and relative reduction of preventable ADR by baseline characteristics.

<p>Incidence and relative reduction of preventable ADR by baseline characteristics.</p

Evaluation of preventable adverse drug reactions by implementation of the nationwide network of prospective drug utilization review program in Korea - Fig 1

<p>(a) Trends in incidence rates of first-time ADE, allergic reactions, and preventable ADR. (b) Trends in incidence rates of repeat ADE, allergic reactions, and preventable ADR.</p

Characteristics of study subjects who experienced adverse drug events in 2010–2014.

<p>Characteristics of study subjects who experienced adverse drug events in 2010–2014.</p

Concerns about clinical application of pharmacogenomic testing.

<p>Respondents were asked to select their two biggest concerns from a list. *Skeptics include those who were neutral, disagreed, or strongly disagreed with the idea of incorporating the integrated pharmacogenomics test into the National Health Insurance health examination.</p

Multinomial multivariate logistic regression analysis results for factors that are associated with public awareness of personalized medicine in Korea.

<p>Multinomial multivariate logistic regression analysis results for factors that are associated with public awareness of personalized medicine in Korea.</p

Socio-demographic and health characteristics of the survey respondents.

<p>Socio-demographic and health characteristics of the survey respondents.</p

Multivariate logistic regression analysis results for factors that are associated with public concerns about clinical application of pharmacogenomic testing in Korea.

<p>Multivariate logistic regression analysis results for factors that are associated with public concerns about clinical application of pharmacogenomic testing in Korea.</p

Awareness and attitudes of the general public toward personalized medicine using pharmacogenomic information.

<p>Awareness and attitudes of the general public toward personalized medicine using pharmacogenomic information.</p