194 research outputs found
Heat effects of dehydration of human serum albuminin hydrophilic organic solvents
A thermochemical model for describing the transfer of water from the protein phase to the organic solvent liquid phase and for determining how the solvation ability of organic solvents affects this process was developed. Enthalpy changes on the interaction of dried and hydrated human serum albumin (HSA) with hydrophilic organic solvents (dimethyl sulfoxide, formamide, ethanol, methanol and acetic acid) and water were measured by isothermal calorimetry at 25Β°C. The initial hydration level of human serum albumin was varied in the entire water content range from 0-30% g water/g HSA. The dependence of the interaction enthalpies on the initial water content is complex. The interaction enthalpies of the dried HSA with organic solvents are exothermic. At low water contents (less than 0.1 g/g), there is a sharp increase in the interaction enthalpy values. At the highest water contents (more than 0.2 g/g), the interaction enthalpies are endothermic for acetic acid and formamide and exothermic for DMSO, methanol, and ethanol. These thermochemical data were analyzed in conjunction with the results for the water adsorption in organic solvents to calculate the molar enthalpies of dehydration of HSA in organic liquids. It was found that the dehydration enthalpy changes may be endothermic or exothermic depending on the initial water content and the water solvation enthalpy value. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that: (i) only the solvation of water by hydrophilic organic solvent determines the changes in the dehydration enthalpy values, and (ii) the data for the enthalpies of solvation of water by the solvent at infinite dilution reflect this effect. Β© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Russian retail ESG transformations development
The article analyse the formation of the sustainable development paradigm and the ESG agenda in Russia. The activities of the largest Russian retailers: leaders in sustainable development and companies with a weaker position in this area is revealed. The relationship between the form of the company and its position in the ESG ratings has been noted. Thus, companies that are required to provide information publicly are higher in level than non-public ones. A characteristic feature of passing the ESG rating assessment is getting high scores in terms of the G-aspect and the E-aspect associated with the demands of the modern market. The authors recommended deepening activities in the field of sustainable development in terms of training employees in digital and environmental competencies, and to strengthen communication strategies regarding the ESG agenda of the largest retailers
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
A pilot study was designed to analyze causes of late diagnosis of lung tuberculosis and late start of the specific therapy. Thirty-eight inpatients with proven infiltrative lung tuberculosis were randomly involved in the study; they were city and rural dwellers of different age. A special questionnaire was developed to determine reasons of late diagnosis. An analysis of results obtained has shown that 8 patients, or 21 % were diagnosed at a scheduled large frame photofluorography, 30 % of the late diagnosed patients were not aware of their disease, 25 % of the females and 64 % of the maleswere self-treated. Primary care therapeutists were blamed for the late diagnosis in 33 % of the patients while failed to perform necessary investigations; the delay was 2 to 11 months.ΠΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π· Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
(Π’Π) ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²Π·ΡΡΠΎ 38 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π’Π, ΠΏΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π», ΡΡΠΎ Ρ 8 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (21 %) ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΠ€. 30 % ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π΅, 25 % ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ 64 % ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π£ 33 % ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°, ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π½Π΅Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎΡ 2 Π΄ΠΎ 11 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Π²
Species substrate specificity of growth of lactobacilli isolated from vaginal biotope on culture medium with inclusions of different types of natural nanopolysaccharides
The article presents the research of substrate and prebiotic properties of natural nanopolysaccharides for several species of lactobacilli isolated from vaginal biotope of women, with assessment of their species combinations. Most of typeable lactobacilli species prefer to grow on media containing polysaccharides, mainly in nutrient broth supplemented with galactomannan and carageenan. Using galactomannan increases the frequency of detection, as compared with the isolation from the starting material, twice
Discrete structure of ultrathin dielectric films and their surface optical properties
The boundary problem of linear classical optics about the interaction of
electromagnetic radiation with a thin dielectric film has been solved under
explicit consideration of its discrete structure. The main attention has been
paid to the investigation of the near-zone optical response of dielectrics. The
laws of reflection and refraction for discrete structures in the case of a
regular atomic distribution are studied and the structure of evanescent
harmonics induced by an external plane wave near the surface is investigated in
details. It is shown by means of analytical and numerical calculations that due
to the existence of the evanescent harmonics the laws of reflection and
refraction at the distances from the surface less than two interatomic
distances are principally different from the Fresnel laws. From the practical
point of view the results of this work might be useful for the near-field
optical microscopy of ultrahigh resolution.Comment: 25 pages, 16 figures, LaTeX2.09, to be published in Phys.Rev.
Π€Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ , ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
The problem of lowering adherence to therapy in lung tuberculosis patients and abilities to enhance motivation to for treatment has not been highlighted in literature. The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing the adherence to treatment in tuberculosis patients and abilities to enhance their motivation for treatment. A total sample of 72 inpatients with infiltrative and firbocavernous lung tuberculosis were involved. They were residents of Samara region aged 22 to 56 yrs. To investigate factors reducing adherence to therapy a special questionnaire consisting of 34 points has been created proposed by Samara military medical university. Statistic analysis was performed using SPSS programme, version 12.0. As a result, the most common factors reducing adherence to therapy in lung tuberculosis patients were adverse effects of antituberculosis drugs, financial problems, complications of the disease and fear of their appearance, painfulness of treatment procedures, tiredness of long treatment period and of hospital environment. To overcome the fear education of the patients is necessary. To reduce the emotional component and painfulness of some treatment procedures, manual and audiomethods could be helpful. Effective therapy, confidence in the attendant physician and full information of the disease could enhance motivation to treatment.ΠΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 72 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
, Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π²Π·ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 22 Π΄ΠΎ 56 Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ· 34 ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ°). Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ SPSS 12.0. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ Π²Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Problems of personnel irradiation in modern medical technologies
BACKGROUND: The widespread use of radiation sources in medical practice (cardio-endovascular surgery, endoscopy, traumatology, urology, neurosurgery, dentistry, and radioisotope diagnostics departments) leads to irradiation of the lens of the eye and the skin of the hands. The introduction of new recommendations by the IAEA to reduce the limit of the annual equivalent dose to the lens (20 mSv) has led to an inaccurate dose assessment based on the effective dose.
AIM: To analyze approaches and assess equivalent doses of irradiation of the lens of the eye and skin of the hands of medical personnel during various diagnostic studies under the influence of X-rays and radiopharmaceuticals studies and to compare the results obtained with previously published data.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thermo-luminescent dosimetry was used. Dose assessment was performed by cardio-endovascular surgery, endoscopy, isotope diagnostics, dentistry, and urology personnel.
RESULTS: The estimated annual equivalent doses to the lens of the eye for doctors of cardio-endovascular surgery departments, in most cases, ranging 3590 mSv, 619 mSv for the average medical staff (in some cases, the doctor [225 mSv] and the nurse [180 mSv]) and 4.59 mSv for the staff of the department of radioisotope diagnostics. The annual calculated equivalent doses to the skin of the hands for cardio-endovascular surgery personnel were 17100 and 24220 mSv for the staff working with radiopharmaceuticals. It is shown that the use of an estimate of the average dose per operation by cardio-endovascular surgery doctors, as a rule, inevitably leads to an excess of the equivalent dose to the lens of the eye after a certain number of operations.
CONCLUSION: When a certain number of operations are exceeded (100200), equivalent doses to the eyes lens in cardio-endovascular surgery doctors above 20 mSv per year can be formed. At current radiation levels, a lesion of the eyes lens was found in a cardio-endovascular surgery doctor. The results indicate the need for further dosimetric measurements and epidemiological studies, based on which recommendations for radiation protection of the eyes lens and the skin of the hands of medical personnel working in low-intensity, scattered, gamma X-ray radiation can be developed
HEMITSELLYULOZA AND THEIR NANOBIOCOMPOSITES - PERSPECTIVE NANOSTRUCTURED SINBIOTICS
Natural nanocomposites hemicellulose arabinogalactan and flavonoids isolated (from Siberian larch) and characterized. Additionally nitro- and sulfo-esters of arabinogalactan and its calcium salt are synthesized and. characterized. All of the derivatives of the beta-hemicellulose arabinogalactan. are water-soluble and are promising prebiotics on the example test-strain Bifidobacterium bifidum. (except for the nitrate esters of arabinogalactan)
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