Bias Gender Dalam Pekerjaan Rumah Tangga Domestik Dan Buruh Migran

Studies in a few cities/districts in east Java concerning work activities of household workers (PRT/Pembantu Rumah Tangga) domestic and abroad, demonstrate that work division according to gender has undergone some changes. The domestic/public and productive/reproductive space division, are no longer applied on women and men in terms of livelihood. in a household environment, household activities no longer have a reproductive connotation, but also productive. Furthermore, at the moment household activities have entered a commercial sector, demonstrated by the phenomenon of female household workers abroad. However, there is still gender bias and double standards in valuing that kind of work. Also, women in urban industrial sector who work as migrant worker abroad, has great impacts on the structure and gender relations of the women's household. The economic role of women has positive impacts on the allocation of household power, yet it does not affect the power allocation in the society. This study recommends the need to arrange a social safety model for household workers, both domestic and abroad, and also the need to formulate a concept of domestic and public works with a household basis congruous to the role and actual function of women

Kajian Struktur Sosial Masyarakat Nelayan di Ekosistem Pesisir

Research aim is to analyse any social changes and dynamic of space capacity and critical point of social structure in coastal ecosystem. The main factor of structural change is external factor of structural formation (individu , system), or increase of community access to the change of local social environment, and external social environment. Dynamics of space capacity of social structure in coastal ecosystem of Karanggongso during periode of research can be explained through the two indicators, objective and subjective. There are a general critical point and a special critical point. This results explain that a evolution theory suggest a high possibility to be synthesized with any other theories, e.g. a conflict theory, an equilibrium theory, and a “timbul-tenggelam” theory. The synthesis process is an operational stage in a schematic mapping of theories by Appelbaum. Dynamics of social structure must be known bt any goverment and NGO, which have any development plans in the fisherman community

Spirit dan Energi Sosial Perempuan Madura, dalam Konteks Perubahan Sosial

This research aims to: 1) identify and analyze spirit of Madurese women to do the productive and domestic work; 2) analyze dominant and intrinsic behavior of Madurese woman in household economy; 3) analyze the perception of Madurese women to social change, economy and traditional institute.Qualitative approach were conducted as research method and population of study was Madurese women, both, who live in Madura Island and outside Madura Island (migrant). Research location selected purposely in Pamekasan, City of Malang and Southside of Malang Residence. Case study method was used exhaustively combined with historical approach and census document and also with focus group discussion with Madurese women. Informants was selected to depict various characteristics and was traced by snowball system. Data intake was conducted with 1) Structured Interview; 2) Observation; 3) group interview; d) understanding symbolic value and myth. The data analyzed by descriptive qualitative method.The research conclusion showed that spirit of Madurese woman from various coat as an inhabitant or a migrant show the high spirit which supported by accomplished working ethos. This ethos was resulted by requirement of religious service, independence and obligation. The Migration of Madurese women was influenced by coush to prove their life quality. Potential local institution is assisting the women work in marionette pesantren, tanean lanjeng, and agriculture institution and commerce. Spirit of Madurese woman the eager beaver is pushed by social energy of migrating behavior and powered by the will to increase to increasing the family life quality. This research needs to be continuied to find comprehensive local knowledge of the women executed by circumstantial study and focused discussion on working activity and local adaptation ethic