7,246 research outputs found
Rural household income mobility in transitional China: Evidence from China Household Income Project
Based on China Household Income Project rural data, this paper aims to study the changes of rural household income mobility in transitional China. The results show that with the economic reform and development, income mobility between 2007 and 2009 was much stronger than before. Regarding the structure of income mobility, the 'exchange mobility' is generally the major source, followed by the 'growth mobility'. The comparison with income inequality indicated that the low degree of mobility is not conducive to the narrowing of inequality. However, the high degree is not accompanied by the substantial reduction of income gaps either
Implicit Discourse Relation Classification via Multi-Task Neural Networks
Without discourse connectives, classifying implicit discourse relations is a
challenging task and a bottleneck for building a practical discourse parser.
Previous research usually makes use of one kind of discourse framework such as
PDTB or RST to improve the classification performance on discourse relations.
Actually, under different discourse annotation frameworks, there exist multiple
corpora which have internal connections. To exploit the combination of
different discourse corpora, we design related discourse classification tasks
specific to a corpus, and propose a novel Convolutional Neural Network embedded
multi-task learning system to synthesize these tasks by learning both unique
and shared representations for each task. The experimental results on the PDTB
implicit discourse relation classification task demonstrate that our model
achieves significant gains over baseline systems.Comment: This is the pre-print version of a paper accepted by AAAI-1
Signatures of disorder in the minimum conductivity of graphene
Graphene has been proposed as a promising material for future nanoelectronics
because of its unique electronic properties. Understanding the scaling behavior
of this new nanomaterial under common experimental conditions is of critical
importance for developing graphene-based nanoscale devices. We present a
comprehensive experimental and theoretical study on the influence of edge
disorder and bulk disorder on the minimum conductivity of graphene ribbons. For
the first time, we discovered a strong non-monotonic size scaling behavior
featuring a peak and saturation minimum conductivity. Through extensive
numerical simulations and analysis, we are able to attribute these features to
the amount of edge and bulk disorder in graphene devices. This study elucidates
the quantum transport mechanisms in realistic experimental graphene systems,
which can be used as a guideline for designing graphene-based nanoscale devices
with improved performance.Comment: Article: 14 pages, 4 figures. Supporting information: 8 pages, 3
figure
Substrate Gating of Contact Resistance in Graphene Transistors
Metal contacts have been identified to be a key technological bottleneck for
the realization of viable graphene electronics. Recently, it was observed that
for structures that possess both a top and a bottom gate, the electron-hole
conductance asymmetry can be modulated by the bottom gate. In this letter, we
explain this observation by postulating the presence of an effective thin
interfacial dielectric layer between the metal contact and the underlying
graphene. Electrical results from quantum transport calculations accounting for
this modified electrostatics corroborate well with the experimentally measured
contact resistances. Our study indicates that the engineering of metal-
graphene interface is a crucial step towards reducing the contact resistance
for high performance graphene transistors.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Implicit Regularization in Over-Parameterized Support Vector Machine
In this paper, we design a regularization-free algorithm for high-dimensional
support vector machines (SVMs) by integrating over-parameterization with
Nesterov's smoothing method, and provide theoretical guarantees for the induced
implicit regularization phenomenon. In particular, we construct an
over-parameterized hinge loss function and estimate the true parameters by
leveraging regularization-free gradient descent on this loss function. The
utilization of Nesterov's method enhances the computational efficiency of our
algorithm, especially in terms of determining the stopping criterion and
reducing computational complexity. With appropriate choices of initialization,
step size, and smoothness parameter, we demonstrate that unregularized gradient
descent achieves a near-oracle statistical convergence rate. Additionally, we
verify our theoretical findings through a variety of numerical experiments and
compare the proposed method with explicit regularization. Our results
illustrate the advantages of employing implicit regularization via gradient
descent in conjunction with over-parameterization in sparse SVMs
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