Synthetic retinoid Am80 ameliorates chronic graft-versus-host disease by down-regulating Th1 and Th17.

Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) is a main cause of late death and morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. We investigated the roles of Th subsets in cGVHD with the use of a well-defined mouse model of cGVHD. In this model, development of cGVHD was associated with up-regulated Th1, Th2, and Th17 responses. Th1 and Th2 responses were up-regulated early after BM transplantation, followed by a subsequent up-regulation of Th17 cells. Significantly greater numbers of Th17 cells were infiltrated in the lung and liver from allogeneic recipients than those from syngeneic recipients. We then evaluated the roles of Th1 and Th17 in cGVHD with the use of IFN-γ-deficient and IL-17-deficient mice as donors. Infusion of IFN-γ(-/-) or IL-17(-/-) T cells attenuated cGVHD in the skin and salivary glands. Am80, a potent synthetic retinoid, regulated both Th1 and Th17 responses as well as TGF-β expression in the skin, resulting in an attenuation of cutaneous cGVHD. These results suggest that Th1 and Th17 contribute to the development of cGVHD and that targeting Th1 and Th17 may therefore represent a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating cGVHD

母親と子どもの健康の領域における人的資源の開発 地域保健看護（Community Health Nursing）

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Correlations between Perceived Oral Malodor Levels and Self-Reported Oral Complaints

Objectives. Even though objective data indicating the absence of oral malodor are presented to patients, they may be skeptical about the results, possibly due to the presence of some discomfort in the oral cavity. The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is an association among self-perceptions of oral malodor, oral complaints, and the actual oral malodor test result. Materials and Methods. Questions concerning self-perceptions of oral malodor and subjective intraoral symptoms were extracted from a questionnaire on oral malodor completed by 363 subjects who visited the clinic for oral malodor of Tokyo Dental College Chiba Hospital and gave consent to this study. In addition, the association of self-perception of oral malodor with values obtained after organoleptic and OralChroma measurement was analyzed. Results. No correlation between 195 subjects (54%) who were judged “with oral malodor” (organoleptic score of ≥1) and 294 subjects (81.6%) who had a self-perceptions of oral malodor was observed. Self-perception of oral malodor was significantly correlated with tongue coating p=0.002 and a strange intraoral taste p=0.016. Conclusions. Subjects with a self-perception of oral malodor were not necessarily consistent with those actually having an oral malodor. In addition, it was suggested that patients became aware of oral malodor when they felt oral complaints

Long-term survival outcome for pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension at a Japanese single center

In recent years, several treatment options for patients with pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) have improved the short-term prognosis. However, the long-term survival for pre-capillary PH has not been well investigated. This study sought to investigate the long-term survival for pre-capillary PH in Kurume University Hospital. A total of 144 patients with pre-capillary PH (110 women, mean age 55.1 ± 17.9 years) were enrolled. The maximal duration of followup was 15 years with a mean followup of 5.77 years. The 15 year survival was 59.1% for pre-capillary PH, 68.5% for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and 44.3% for chronic thromboembolic PH. The 5 year survival was 50.9% for PH due to lung disease (PH-LD), indicating the worst in the pre-capillary PH subgroups. The survival for portopulmonary hypertension was the lowest among PAH groups, and PAH associated with connective tissue disease and congenital heart disease decreased 10 years after diagnosis. A 6 min walk distance and elevated brain natriuretic peptide were significantly associated with survival outcome in pre-capillary PH patients and diastolic pulmonary arterial pressure was related to survival for PH-LD. The survivals were different among pre-capillary PH groups in our hospital. Above all, the long-term survival was better than in previous reports.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Lacrimal Gland and Orbital Lesions in Lat Y136F Knock-in Mice, a Model for Human IgG4-Related Ophthalmic Disease

International audienc

JICA集団「母子保健人材育成」コース研修 日本における保健師活動の特徴―「地域保健看護技術」講義・演習・視察・実習指導案作成から評価まで―

出版社版本大学は、2003年度から発展途上国の看護関係者に対して母子保健人材育成研修を実施している。研修の1つである「地域における母子保健看護技術」において、個別・集団・地域全体を看護の対象とする保健師活動の特徴を視野に入れ、技術の習得を目的とし、講義、演習、視察・実習を一貫させた指導案作成を行った。この一連の指導案が研修員にどのように受けとめられ、成果があったのかを評価し、今後の研修に役立てていきたいと考えた。評価方法については、2006年度JICA母子保健人材育成研修に参加した研修員8名を対象に視察・実習終了後に非構成的面接法にて、講義、演習、視察・実習の3つ指導案を振り返ってもらった。この結果、研修員からは保健師は地域住民に信頼されて活動していること、看護職以外の職種との連携や行政施策の大切さ、住民との協力の大切さなどが報告され、自国の対応策として新生児訪問の実施や保健師教育のプログラムの強化などを挙げていた。講義から実習まで一貫させた指導案は成果があったと考えられ、次年度もこの指導案を継続して研修に取り入れ、より成果を得られるプログラムを構築していく必要がある