Housing choices and issues for young people in the UK

This review provides a synthesis of recent youth research with a specific bearing on the housing transitions of young people in the UK. This report provides a summary of research from the past decade, with a particular focus on young people in their late teens and twenties, and situates it within the broader youth transitions literature. The review highlights some of the most pressing concerns of young people in relation to housing

Housing choices and issues for young people in the UK

This review provides a synthesis of recent youth research with a specific bearing on the housing transitions of young people in the UK. This report provides a summary of research from the past decade, with a particular focus on young people in their late teens and twenties, and situates it within the broader youth transitions literature. The review highlights some of the most pressing concerns of young people in relation to housing

Lost in Transnationalism: Unraveling the Conceptualisation of Families and Personal Life Through a Transnational Gaze

This paper compares and contrasts some of the conceptual language used to engage with the realm of family and personal life within the parallel fields of transnational family studies (TFS) and British family studies (BFS). Key concepts which are now widely referenced within BFS - such as 'family practices', 'family display', 'families of choice' and 'connectedness' - have not been widely drawn upon within TFS. Instead, TFS scholars are developing alternative concepts such as 'ways of being' versus 'ways of belonging' and 'frontiering and relativising', often to capture very similar ideas to those current within BFS. This paper critically explores some of the concepts currently being used within transnational family studies, highlighting points of similarity and difference with the BFS tradition, and considers what these parallel literatures might learn from each other. The paper is illustrated by examples drawn from ESRC-funded research on the experiences of post-accession Polish migrants living in the UK.Transnationalism, Polish Migration, Family Practices, Family Display, Connectedness

Informed Consent and the Research Process: Following Rules or Striking Balances?

Gaining informed consent from people being researched is central to ethical research practice. There are, however, several factors that make the issue of informed consent problematic, especially in research involving members of groups that are commonly characterised as \'vulnerable\' such as children and people with learning disabilities. This paper reports on a project funded by the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) which was concerned to identify and disseminate best practice in relation to informed consent in research with six such groups. The context for the study is the increased attention that is being paid to the issue of informed consent in research, not least because of the broad changes taking place in research governance and regulation in the UK. The project involved the analysis of researchers\' views and experiences of informed consent. The paper focuses on two particular difficulties inherent in the processes of gaining and maintaining informed consent. The first of these is that there is no consensus amongst researchers concerning what comprises \'informed consent\'. The second is that there is no consensus about whether the same sets of principles and procedures are equally applicable to research among different groups and to research conducted within different methodological frameworks. In exploring both these difficulties we draw on our findings to highlight the nature of these issues and some of our participants\' responses to them. These issues have relevance to wider debates about the role of guidelines and regulation for ethical practice. We found that study participants were generally less in favour of guidelines that regulate the way research is conducted and more in favour of guidelines that help researchers to strike balances between the conflicting pressures that inevitably occur in research.Informed Consent; Research Ethics; Regulation of Research; Research Governance; Professional Guidelines

Evaluation of Pooled Serum and ‘Meat-Juice’ in a Salmonella ELISA for Pig Herds

Samples of ‘meat-juice’, serum, caecal contents and carcase swabs from 420 pigs from 20 finishing farms were tested for Salmonella bacteriologically and serologically by ELISA on individual samples or on pools of serum or meat juice. In addition pooled floor faeces were taken from the finishing pens on the farm of origin

Comparison of two commercial ELISA kits and bacteriology for Salmonella monitoring in pig herds

Samples of ‘meat-juice’ and serum from 170 pigs from 20 finishing farms were tested for Salmonella using two commercial ELISA kit tests. In parallel samples from caecal contents and pooled pen faeces from the farm were tested by culture. Both ELISA’s gave significantly correlated results with each other but only ELISA B, at a 20 % calculated OD % on ‘meat juice’, gave a result which correlated significantly with the percentage of positive pen faeces. None of the ELISA tests correlated with caecal positives and the 10 % cut-off level was shown to be unsuitable for monitoring commercial herds

Fate of the Organophosphate Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos, in Leaves, Soil, and Air Following Application

A field study was conducted to further our understanding about the fate and transport of the organophosphate insecticide, chlorpyrifos, and its degradation product, chlorpyrifos oxon. Leaf, soil and air sampling was conducted for 21 days after chlorpyrifos application to a field of purple tansy (Phacelia tanacetifolia). Air samples were collected using a high-volume air sampler (HVAS) and seven battery-operated medium-volume active air samplers placed around the field and on a 500-m transect extending away from the field. Chlorpyrifos was detected every day of the sampling period in all matrices, with concentrations decreasing rapidly after application. Chlorpyrifos oxon was only detected in air samples collected with the HVAS during the first three days after application. Wind direction played a significant role in controlling the measured air concentrations in near-field samples. The SCREEN3 model and chlorpyrifos’ Characteristic Travel Distance (CTD) were used to predict modelled chlorpyrifos concentrations in air along the transect. The concentration trend predicted by the SCREEN3 model was similar to that of measured concentrations whereas CTD-modelled concentrations decreased at a significantly slower rate, indicating that downwind chlorpyrifos concentrations in air were primarily controlled by air dispersion. The SCREEN3-predicted chlorpyrifos concentrations were \u3e5 times higher than measured concentrations, indicating that simple approaches for calculating accurate pesticide volatilization fluxes from agricultural fields are still needed. Finally, we found that measured concentrations in air on Days 0–2 at locations up to 500 m from the field were at levels considered concerning for human health

Continuity versus innovation: young Polish migrants and practices of 'doing family' in the context of achieving independence in the UK

This paper explores continuity and innovation in the everyday relational practices of a group of post-accession Polish migrants who first arrived in the UK when in their late teens and twenties. In the context of claims that migration has allowed younger migrants to pursue lives free from familial ties and responsibilities, the paper focuses on their living arrangements in the UK and the extent to which they actively eschew or embrace familial relationships, practices and commitments. Our data suggest that moving to the UK had undoubtedly facilitated new freedoms and opportunities, yet these were utilised by many to bring forward, rather than delay, a sequence of broadly conventional domestic transitions, accompanied for many by ongoing dependency and interconnectedness with networks of extended family members who had also migrated to the UK. Our paper draws on the concepts of frontiering and relativising (Bryceson and Vuorela 2002) and argues that our participants were engaged in sets of practices linked to both. Further, these practices not only entailed a continual revision of migrants’ sense of family identity, affected by life stage, but were also underpinned for many by the centrality of traditional conceptualisations of family

Social Relationships and Relationships in Context: Post-Accession Poles in Southampton

In this article, we examine post-accession Poles' shifting identity practices through the lens of their attitudes to other Poles in a high-density post-accession Polish migration destination, namely the city of Southampton on England's south coast. We examine the impact of human capital (in this instance, we will focus on their ability to speak English) and the extent of their social capital (focusing on the restrictions based on their communicative competence with non-Polish groups and their particular trust issues associated with compatriots). We contextualise our findings in other research on post-accession Poles in London, Glasgow, the Midlands of England, the North of England, the Netherlands, Norway, and Brussels, thus drawing together common themes from a wide body of evidence. Through examining biographical data focusing on the everyday lives of our participants, we were able to explore the impact of context on their presentation of their identities and relational practices. By so doing, we exposed the interplay of a range of intersecting factors that result in many of our participants leading restrictive and restricted lives