A comparison of nuclide production and depletion using MCNPX and ORIGEN-ARP reactor models and a sensitivity study of reactor design parameters using MCNPX for nuclear forensics purposes

textThe Oak Ridge Isotope Generation and Depletion – Automatic Rapid Proccessing (ORIGEN-ARP) deterministic code has been extensively utilized for determining nuclide concentrations at various specific burnup values for a variety of nuclear reactor designs. Given nuclide concentrations or ratios, such calculations can be used in nuclear forensics and nuclear non-proliferation applications to reverse-calculate the type of reactor and specific burnup of the fuel from which the nuclides originated. Recently, Los Alamos National Laboratory has released a version of its probabilistic radiation transport code, MCNPX 2.6.0, which incorporates a fuel burnup feature which can also determine, via the probabilistic Monte Carlo method, nuclide concentrations as a function of fuel burnup. This dissertation compares the concentrations of 46 nuclides significant to nuclear forensics analyses for different reactor types using results from the ORIGEN-ARP and the MCNPX 2.6.0 codes. Three reactor types were chosen: the Westinghouse 17x17 Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), the GE 8x8-4 Boiling Water Reactor (BWR), and the Canadian Deuterium Uranium, CANDU-37, reactor. Additionally, a sensitivity study of the different reactor parameters within the MCNPX Westinghouse 17x17 PWR model was performed. This study analyzed the different nuclide concentrations resulting from minor perturbations of the following parameters: assembly rod pitch, initial moderator boron concentration, fuel pin cladding thickness, moderator density, and fuel temperature.Mechanical Engineerin

On Mourning and Recovery: Integrating Stages of Grief and Change Toward a Neuroscience-Based Model of Attachment Adaptation in Addiction Treatment

Interpersonal attachment and drug addiction share many attributes across their behavioral and neurobiological domains. Understanding the overlapping brain circuitry of attachment formation and addiction illuminates a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of trauma-related mental illnesses and comorbid substance use disorders, and the extent to which ending an addiction is complicated by being a sort of mourning process. Attention to the process of addiction recovery—as a form of grieving—in which Kubler-Ross's stages of grief and Prochaska's stages of change are ultimately describing complementary viewpoints on a general process of neural network and attachment remodeling, could lead to more effective and integrative psychotherapy and medication strategies

Supporting the Least Able Throughout and Beyond CLTS

Since its conception in 1999, Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) has spread to over 60 countries and resulted in millions of people across the world living in open defecation free (ODF) communities. The approach was a departure from subsidydriven sanitation programming which often led to uneven adoption and only partial use. CLTS enabled communities to own the process and collectively work towards becoming ODF. However, since its implementation at scale a number of challenges have appeared. Emerging evidence is suggesting a need to better support the most disadvantaged with accessible and sustainable sanitation facilities. This Learning Brief presents emerging principles and action points to strengthen intra-community support and introduce external support mechanisms for the least able when necessary and appropriate. It is one of several outputs from an Asia-region workshop convened in the Philippines by the CLTS Knowledge Hub and UNICEF between 24-28 May 2017.Sid

Sustentabilidade e CLTS: Ponto da Situação

Each of three overlapping phases in the history of CLTS has presented its own major features, preoccupations and priorities: 1. Early growth and acceptance. Creativity, rapid learning, credibility. Refining methods, start-ups in countries, establishing bridgeheads, facing down scepticism, resistance and rejection, finding and supporting champions. 2. Going to scale. Rapid national, international and organisational spread. Maintaining quality in training and performance, verification, knowing the field realities. 3. Mature engagement. Sustainability and scope. Post-ODF (Open Defecation Free) follow-up, marketing and the sanitation ladder, problem nvironments, environmental risk when pits are emptied or replaced, diversity, depth and breadth of research to refine CLTS, wider frontiers. In recent years, sustainability of ODF conditions in rural areas has repeatedly been a top concern in workshops and conferences. Other issues of this series will explore and review wider frontiers and aspects of scope and diversity. This issue seeks to summarise and take stock of what we know about sustainability, practical implications of that knowledge, and what more we need to know.This series is funded by Sid

The Ursinus Weekly, May 6, 1971

Dennis Stoner sings in memorial concert • Dr. Loren C. Eiseley speaks at Myrin Library dedication • The new Ursinus chapter initiates 21 students into Omicron Delta Epsilon • Economics seminar meets; Discusses Federal Reserve; Claims financial trend up • Ullman and Malinauskas chosen as new YM-YWCA presidents • Editorial: It\u27s up to us! • Student Life Committee meets, proposes several changes • Student Activities Committee regulates entire campus life • \u2771 Ruby progresses; Finances look good • Nuclear power plant planned; Limerick reactor site disputed • WRUC elects officers; R. Teel general manager • Theater critic: A look at Broadway • Rough week for tennis squad; Championship matches begin Sat. • Bears win two more; MACs start Friday • Bears lacrosse stay No. 1; Girls take 7 out of 12 • New baseball team looks very promising • Varsity golf improving; Peter Allen shoots parhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1145/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, May 6, 1971

Dennis Stoner sings in memorial concert • Dr. Loren C. Eiseley speaks at Myrin Library dedication • The new Ursinus chapter initiates 21 students into Omicron Delta Epsilon • Economics seminar meets; Discusses Federal Reserve; Claims financial trend up • Ullman and Malinauskas chosen as new YM-YWCA presidents • Editorial: It\u27s up to us! • Student Life Committee meets, proposes several changes • Student Activities Committee regulates entire campus life • \u2771 Ruby progresses; Finances look good • Nuclear power plant planned; Limerick reactor site disputed • WRUC elects officers; R. Teel general manager • Theater critic: A look at Broadway • Rough week for tennis squad; Championship matches begin Sat. • Bears win two more; MACs start Friday • Bears lacrosse stay No. 1; Girls take 7 out of 12 • New baseball team looks very promising • Varsity golf improving; Peter Allen shoots parhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1145/thumbnail.jp

The Therapeutic Engagement Questionnaire (TEQ) : a service user-focused mental health nursing outcome metric

Abstract: Background: Therapeutic engagement (TE) has been described as the crux of mental health nursing but despite its perceived importance, to date, there is no measurement tool that captures it. As a result, there is no way of determining the contribution of mental health nursing interaction to service user recovery, in acute inpatient mental health settings or the wider care quality agenda. Methods: To develop and validate a TE measurement tool in partnership with Service Users (SUs) and Registered Mental Health Nurses (RMHNs). The TEQ was developed in 3 stages: 1) item generation (and pre-testing), 2) item reduction using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and 3) validation across Mental Health Trusts in England. Results: The final questionnaire has two versions, (SU and RMHN version), each scored within two contexts (1–1 SU-RMHN interactions and overall environment and atmosphere of the ward) and includes 20 items with two sub-scales (care interactions and care delivery). Psychometric evaluation of the TEQ shows high inter-scale correlations (0.66–0.95 SU; 0.57–0.90 RMHN), sound sub-scale internal consistency (> 0.95), concurrent validity (> 0.60) and adequate score variability for both versions of the TEQ. In summary, the TEQ behaves well as a measurement tool. Conclusions: The TEQ can determine the collaborative and empathic nature of RMHN-SU interactions, capture if SUs are treated with dignity and respect and recognise that the principles of the recovery approach are being respected. The TEQ can also provide robust monitoring of nursing activity, offer opportunity for transparency of activity, feed into healthcare organizations’ key performance indicators and provide reassurance about the nature and quality of nurses’ work