आंध्रा प्रदेश में झींगा कृषि – एक सिंहावलोकन

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

Prawn farming in Andhra Pradesh - A retrospect

As a result of the unscientific expansion of prawn farming there was a crisis in 1994 caused by disease and it still haunts the prawn farming Industry. It is high time to take stock of the situation and see where we have failed and how it can be rectified

The fishery closed season - An obsession

A fishery closed season is imposed either in the breeding season to give a chance to each animal in the population to breed or in the recruitment season to allow a generation of larvae or juveniles to give enough time to grow to get optimum biomass from the population. Although the intention of the scientists in such a proposal was to augment the revival of the depleting population, it became handy for certain vested interests to exploit the situation in the name of conservation measures for their advantage. This has taken roots in northeast coast prawn fishery, in particular the large trawler fishery

An appraisal of the marine fishery resources of Visakhapatnam coast

Located along the east coast of India, between 17 deg 15' N and 17 deg 55' N Latitudes (Fig. 1), the Visakhapatnam coast (bordering the district of Visakhapatnam) has a special pl;;tce in the marine fisheries map of India being the nucieus of d.eep sea trawling activities and various other mechanised and non-mechanised gear operations. The range of gear operated varies from the tiny .catamarans to the modern shrimp trawlers with all the gadgets of navigation and fishing. With a number of fish landing centres dotted along the 130 km coastline, about 19,7351 of fish are harvested annually from the waters of this coast. Apart from this, about 130 large trawlers, 60 mini-trawlers and 100 'sana' boats fishing along the Orissa and West Bengal coasts land their catches at Visakhapatnam Fishing Harbour

Turtle excluder device (TED) in trawl nets: applicability in Indian trawl fishery

Turtle fishing was banned in India from 1977 as turtles were declared as protected animals under Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (protection) Act 1972 as per the amendments made to the schedule in September 1977. Similar restrictions were observed in many other countries. In spite of these restrictions, there is illegal fishing for turtles in some countries. Apart from these illegal activities, there is considerable amount of incidental mortality of turtles due to fishing activities like trawling and gill netting. India, Australia and the USA are the major contributors to the mortality of turtles due to fishing activities, particularly the prawn fishing operations. In 1980, a unique separator trawl design called the Turtle Excluder Device (TED) was developed by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) of USA to reduce the incidental capture of endangered sea turtles by shrimp trawls. The NMFS developed a number of TED designs to improve their functioning. From 1993 shrimp season onwards, USA implemented revised federal TED regulations which are more effective in reducing turtle mortality. India also started testing different types of imported TEDs in view of the US embargo on imports from countries not implementing TEDs. Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), Fishery Survey of India (FSI) and Central Institute of Fisheries Navigation and Engineering Training (CIFNET) conducted experiments with imported TEDs. These experiments could not impress the fishermen as there are no comparable data from the traditional trawl nets and trawl nets with TEDs simultaneously. Field trials of the CIFT-TED have been carried out off Cochin, Visakhapatnam and Paradeep. CIFT-TED is now being popularized in maritime states in collaboration with MPEDA and respective state fisheries departments. In spite of all the assurances of the government agencies in India, the USA, Australia and other shrimp trawling countries, fishermen still feel that there is considerable escapement of shrimp with TEDs attached trawl nets which is the major bottleneck affecting implementation of TEDs in India and elsewhere

Forty whale sharks landed

At trawler landing centre at Bhidiya at Veraval on 12 April nine specimens of whale shark (Rhincudon typus Smith) were observed by Shri G. Sudhakara Rao, Scientist at Veraval Research Centre

Prawn Fishery of the East Godavary District, Andhra Pradesh

One of the most remarkable developments in the fisheries of Andhra Pradesh in recent years has been the phenomenal expansion in the prawn fishery of the East Godavary district, particularly off Kakinada. Prawns in fact constitute the most important fishery in terms of value in the district, the annual catch being of the order of 4000-4500 tonnes valued at rupees one cror

Fishery for Penaeus indicus in Indian waters

The Indian White prawn Penaeus indicus is distributed widely in the Indo-Pacific starting from New South Wales in Australia in the east Iothe east coast of Africa in the west. However, the commercial fishery for P. indicus was reported only from India and Africa. In India, the species forms a commercial fishery only between Puri in the east coast and Mangalore in the west coast with maximum concentration along the Tamilnadu Coas

The Indian tiger prawn Penaeus monodon Fabricius

The largest penaeid Indian tiger prawn, Penaeus wanodon is widely distributed in the Indian waters and forms an important fishery with high demand in tthe export market. By virtue ojits fast growth, hardness and export demand it is cultured in about 1 lakh ha of prawn farms with an annual yield of 82850 t. As the demand is very high it is subjected to heavy fishing pressure at laa stages of life history, seeds and brooders for farm and hatchery and all others for internal and export markets. The paper reviews the work done on its distribution, biology and capture fisheries from estuaries and marine habitats together with its stock assessment and management measures to keep the ujild population sustainable

Prawn fishery of the Kakinada Backwaters

The Kakinada backwaters of Andhra Pradesh with an area of 330 square km, support an active prawn fishery throughout the year