First Red List of Medicinal Plants of Andhra Pradesh, India - Conservation Assessment and Management Planning

The present article is based on the First Conservation Assessment and Management Planning (CAMP) workshop organized by Medicinal Plants Conservation Centre, Environment Protection Training and Research Institute, Hyderabad, India based on IUCN Red List categories - 2000. In the workshop 50 prioritised medicinal plant species found in Andhra Pradesh were assessed and out of these 39 found to be threatened in the State of Andhra Pradesh, India

Ethnomedicinal Importance of Pteridophytes used by Chenchus of Nallamalais, Andhra Pradesh, India

The present study focuses specifically on the ethnomedicinal importance of 15 species of Pteridophytes, used by Chenchu tribes occurring in Nallamalais of Andhra Pradesh, India. The botanical name, family name, vernacular name, habit, habitat and their ethnomedicinal uses are provided

Design and Fabrication of Remote Operated Robot with Bomb Detection using MEMS Technology

The applications & advantages of remote controlled robots are plenty, especially in specific areas where people cannot go there to perform specific task, there these robots are playing major role. The system designed here can be used for picking any small object from the hazardous place. The same robot with little modifications can be used for many applications, as it is it can be used as spy Robot. The main advantage is that the Robot can be controlled from the safe zone through the remote monitoring designed using wireless video camera and MEMS. MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Sensor) is the device often used as position displacement sensor, the applications of MEMS are plenty and to prove the application practically this system is designed to control the robot as well as the robotic arm by changing the position of MEMS devices. The robotic arm designed here is having two degrees of freedom. The system designed with microcontroller unit functions according to the command signals generated and transmitted from the remote control unit by moving the MEMS. Based on this information the vehicle will be moved in all directions and the robotic arm is also controlled. This robot is equipped with a gripper mechanism at its front side for picking and placing of an object. In addition, the vehicle is also equipped with a metal detector for detecting the explosives (bombs). Whenever the bomb is detected, automatically the vehicle will be stopped and buzzer will be activated as an acknowledgement. This entire mechanism can be viewed in the television set at the control unit as the vehicle will be transmitting the live video signals through the wireless video camera

SEED EXTRACT OF ABELMOSCHUS MOSCHATUS MEDIK REVERSES NAF-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL CHANGES THROUGH NEURODEGENERATION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN BRAIN OF RAT

  Objective: This study reports protective effect of Abelmoschus moschatus seed extract against sodium fluoride-induced neurodegeneration through oxidative stress, neurohistological, and behavioral observations in Wistar rats.Methods: A total of 20 Wistar rats (around 250 g) were randomly classified into four groups, namely, control, fluoride (NaF), fluoride + A. moschatus seed aqueous extract (AMAE), and fluoride + A. moschatus seed ethanol extract (AMEE). The control group animals received normal tap water, fluoride group received fluoridated water at the rate of 40 mg/kg b. wt., 3rd group rats treated with fluoride (40 mg/kg b. wt.) + AMAE (300 mg/kg b. wt.), and 4th group rats treated with fluoride (40 mg/kg b. wt.) + AMEE (300 mg/kg b. wt.). Neurobehavioral responses of rotarod, hot plate, and maze learning tests and oxidantive stress markers including lipid peroxidation (LPO), GSH levels, superoxide dismutase, CAT, and GSH peroxidase (GPx) activities, and also histology with H and E as well as congo red staining were studied in control, fluoride, and A. moschatus seed extract treated against fluoride groups.Results: Decreased neurobehavioral responses with rotarod, hot plate, and maze and enhanced LPO (p<0.05) levels were found in fluoride received animals. Whereas, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, GSH, and GPx were decreased (p<0.05) in NaF treatment. The rats received seed extract along with NaF showed significant reversal of behavioral and oxidative stress markers and the effect of ethanol extract was more pronounced than aqueous extract. The fluoride-treated group showed disturbed cell structure and reduced number of cells in H and E as well as congo red staining which was reversed in cell morphology and restored cell number in seed extract against NaF-treated group. As a result of increased LPO, decreased antioxidant system, and decreased number of cells, neurodegeneration was observed resulting in the disturbance in functions associated with reported behavior.Conclusion: Okra with high antioxidants activity, seed extract showed reversal of LPO levels and antioxidant status in the brain tissue. And also plant extract administered rats displayed normal cell structure and number of cells than only fluoride received group. Therefore, the aqueous and ethanolic extract of A. moschatus plant seeds has neuroprotective effects against fluoride-induced motor, nociceptive, learning behavior, and on histological structure of brain through antioxidant mechanism. The ethanol extract has shown more efficacy than aqueous extract

Ballistic behavior of boron carbide reinforced AA7075 aluminium alloy using friction stir processing – An experimental study and analytical approach

AbstractHigh strength-to-weight ratio of non-ferrous alloys, such as aluminium, magnesium and titanium alloys, are considered to be possible replacement of widely accepted steels in transportation and automobile sectors. Among these alloys, magnesium is self explosive and titanium is costlier, and aluminium is most likely to replace steels. Application of aluminium or its alloys is also thought of as an appropriate replacement in defence field, especially to enhance the easiness in mobility of combat vehicles while maintaining the same standard as that of conventional armour grade steels. Hence most of the investigations have been confined to aluminium or its alloys as base material and open an era of developing the newer composite materials to address the major limitation, i.e. tribological properties. The surface composites can be fabricated by incorporating the ceramic carbides like silicon carbide, carbides of transition metals and oxides of aluminium using surface modification techniques, such as high energy laser melt treatment, high energy electron beam irradiation and thermal spray process which are based on fusion route. These techniques yield the fusion related problems, such as interfacial reaction, pin holes, shrinkage cavities or voids and other casting related defects, and pave the way to need of an efficient technique which must be based on solid state. Recently developed friction stir processing technique was used in the present investigation for surface modification of AA7075 aluminum alloy, which is an alternative to steels. In the present investigation, 160 μm sized boron carbide powder was procured and was reduced to 60 μm and 30 μm using high energy ball mill. Subsequently these powders were used to fabricate the surface composites using friction stir processing.Ballistic performance testing as per the military standard (JIS.0108.01) was carried out. In the present work, an analytical method of predicting the ballistic behavior of surface composites was developed. This method was based on energy balance, i.e., the initial energy of impact is same as that of energy absorbed by multi layers. An attempt also has been made to validate the analytical results with the experimental findings. Variation between the analytical and experimental results may be accounted due to the assumptions considering such as isotropic behavior of target and shearing area of contact as cylindrical instead of conical interface As the analytical model yields the ballistic performance in the closer proximity of experimentally obtained, it can be considered to be an approximation to evaluate the ballistic performance of targets

Plants Used in Ethnoveterinary Practices by Koyas of Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh, India

The paper deals with the 21 medicinal plant species used in ethnoveterinary practices by Koya tribes inhabiting in the Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary, Warangal district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Investigation on Microstructure, Hardness, Wear behavior and Fracture Surface Analysis of Strontium (Sr) and Calcium (Ca) Content A357 Modified Alloy by Statistical Technique

The aluminum alloy are extensively used in several industrial applications. Stir casting is one of the most frequently accepted methods. In the present investigation, how the microstructure, mechanical and wear mechanics of A357 alloy were impacted by the presence of Sr/Ca was investigated. The outcomes revealed that addition of elements (Sr/Ca) enhance the microstructural features. Uniform dispersal of particulates (Sr/ Ca) in Al357 alloy and also the modified structure of silicon (Si) were observed. Hardness of modified alloy was evaluated by using hardness tester. A result reveals that hardness of modified alloy was improved by increasing in the Sr/Ca content. The wear rate of modified alloy was evaluated by using Pin and Disc wear test rig. Test trials were conducted according to Taguchi technique. L27 array was implemented for evaluation of data. The effect of varying parameters (factors) on wear loss and COF were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) method. ANOVA outcomes shown that, the Sr/Ca content has a better significant impact on wear behavior and COF of the modified alloy. A wear fractography result shows the internal fracture structure of a wornout surface which was studied by SEM analysis

Smart Wall Painting System

The objective of this paper is to outline a smart wall painting system for little and medium scale operations. These days robots are broadly utilized as a part of relatively every application like medicinal application, amusement, military, production lines vehicle businesses, and so on. However, the utilization of robot is as yet not generally utilized as a part of constructional work. Robots are fundamentally design to build speed and maximize accuracy of construction field work. The basic point of the paper is to design, develop and actualize Remote Operated Wall Painting Machine which helps for accomplishing painting hardware requiring little to no effort because of which the sketch work can be effectively done proficiently and in particular at extremely ostensible cost. The painting machine keeps away from coordinate contact of chemicals which can be harmful to the human painters, for example, eye, skin and respiratory system issues.. Besides that the idea of painting method that requires rehashed work time and hand rising make it physical torment, and exertion devouring. Moreover, it would offer the chance to decrease or take out human introduction to troublesome and dangerous worked system conditions, which would take care of a large portion of the issues associated with security when numerous activities happen in the meantime. This machine is is easy to operate and no need of labour required to operate effectively. At the point when development specialists and robots are appropriately coordinated in building tasks,the entire development process can be better overseen and savings in human work and timing are acquired as an outcome. wall painting is a redundant, debilitating and risky process which makes it a perfect case for automation. Painting had been mechanized in car industry however not yet for the development business. There is a strong requirement for a portable robot that can move to paint walls of buildings. In this paper, the conceptual plan of a an autonomous wall painting robot is portrayed comprising of an arm that sweeps the dividers vertically and is fitted on a versatile robot base to give the lateral feed movement to cover the painting area. The design objective is to fulfill the criteria of straight forwardness, low weight, ease and quick painting time. Ultrasonic sensors are fitted on the arm and the portable base to alter as far as possible and move in the room territory. A control system is intended to direct the arm movement and plan the versatile base movement

ANDROID BLUE TOOTH BASE CONTROL FIRE FIGHTING ROBOT

This project entitled as “Android Bluetooth Base Control Fire Fighting Robot” was created and developed effectively. A Leg series controller can be used plus a Bluetooth device interfaced towards the control unit for sensing the signals sent by Android application running mobile phone. Using a menu all we're doing is restricting the input domain space. Robots are indispensable in lots of manufacturing industries. This is because the price each hour to function a robotic is a small fraction of the price of a person’s labor required to carry out the same function. Greater than this, once designed, robots frequently perform functions having a high precision that surpasses that of the very most experienced human operator. Our fundamental idea would be to develop some kind of menu driven control for the robot, in which the menu will probably be voice driven. The machine designed is really a speech realizing system. Speech recognition is the procedure of recording spoken words utilizing a microphone or telephone and transforming them right into a digitally stored group of words. Within this project, we'll describe concerning the voice recognition modules with their working procedure and programs. This project is really a fine mixture of Android mobile technology and embedded system. This project includes a Bluetooth receiver. This thesis aims to supply simple recommendations for individuals thinking about building robots