20 research outputs found

    New predictors of atherosclerosis progression after surgical interventions on the arteries of the lower extremities

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    BACKGROUNDː Thanks to experiments on animals, the influence of biomarkers of apoptosis, proliferation and endothelial dysfunction on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis was proved. Aim: to identify the effect of these biomarkers on the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with peripheral arterial disease after surgery. METHODSː Patients were divided into two groups: A - 40 patients who have undergone endovascular interventions, B -38 patients, who have undergone hybrid surgery on the arteries of the lower extremities. Biomarkers Bax, sFas, PDGF BB, and nitric oxide (NO) were studied before intervention, on the 1st, 7th, 30th day after the operation. RESULTSː When comparing initial values of indicators and their values in the dynamics, the difference between group A and B was not found (p > 0.05). Nine patients of group В developed progression of atherosclerosis after 17 months. Roc analysis showed that initial sFas ≤ 0,92 ng / ml, initial Вах ≥ 25,3 ng / ml, NO values ≤128.4 mmol / ml, sFas ≤ 0.645 ng / ml, Вах ≥ 33,8 ng / ml on the first postoperative day, and PDGF BB amount on the 7th day ≥ 28 ng / ml is associated with progression of atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONSː The dynamics of biomarkers of apoptosis, proliferation and endothelium dysfunction in patients after endovascular and hybrid interventions did not differ significantly. The activation of two pathways markers of apoptosis against the background of reduced synthesis of NO leads to an enhanced proliferative response and is associated with progression of atherosclerosis after surgery

    Breathers in PT-symmetric optical couplers

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    We show that parity-time- (PT-) symmetric coupled optical waveguides with gain and loss support localized oscillatory structures similar to the breathers of the classical φ4 model. The power carried by the PT breather oscillates periodically, switching

    Coagulation Factor Activity and Hemostatic Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease

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    Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the impact of intrinsic coagulation factors and hemostatic markers of endothelial dysfunction on complications in patients with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Materials and Methods : This prospective study enrolled 120 PAD patients at Fontaine stages 2b to 3 who underwent open surgical, endovascular, or conservative treatment. Coagulation factors (FVIII, FIX, and FXI) and endothelial hemostatic markers, including von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity and level, soluble endothelial protein C receptor, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels, were assessed. Results : At 3 months after open bypass grafting, activity of FVIII significantly increased from a median of 175% to 233% (P<0.001). At 3 months after endovascular treatment, the activities of FVIII, FIX, and FXI significantly increased from medians of 157%, 180%, and 156% to 184%, 218%, and 181%, respectively (P<0.05). Six patients with increased FVIII activity developed bypass graft thrombosis. Four patients in the endovascular group and three patients in the conservative treatment group with increased activity of vWF developed myocardial infarction (P=0.049). The subjects who developed restenosis had increased vWF activity (P=0.023) and decreased nitric oxide metabolite levels (P=0.003). Three subjects who received conservative treatment and developed PAD progression at 12 months had increased PAI-1 activity (P=0.028). Conclusion : Patients with advanced PAD had a hypercoagulable status, and performance of open or endovascular revascularization was associated with further hypercoagulability. Increased activity of coagulation factors and altered levels of hemostatic markers of endothelial dysfunction were associated with PAD complications such as graft thrombosis, myocardial infarction, disease progression, and restenosis

    PEO Coatings Modified with Halloysite Nanotubes: Composition, Properties, and Release Performance

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    In this work, the properties of the coatings formed on the Mg-Mn-Ce alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in electrolytes containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were investigated. The incorporation of halloysite nanotubes into the PEO coatings improved their mechanical characteristics, increased thickness, and corrosion resistance. The studied layers reduced corrosion current density by more than two times in comparison with the base PEO layer without HNTs (from 1.1 × 10−7 A/cm2 to 4.9 × 10−8 A/cm2). The presence of halloysite nanotubes and products of their dihydroxylation that were formed under the PEO conditions had a positive impact on the microhardness of the obtained layers (this parameter increased from 4.5 ± 0.4 GPa to 7.3 ± 0.5 GPa). In comparison with the base PEO layer, coatings containing halloysite nanotubes exhibited sustained release and higher adsorption capacity regarding caffeine
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