The influence of leg positioning on the appearance and quantification of 1H magnetic resonance muscle spectra obtained from calf muscle

Purpose: To study proton magnetic resonance spectra (1H-MRS) of the muscle metabolite of a leg muscle in neutral (NEU), internal rotation (INT), and external rotation (EXT) leg positioning. Material and methods: The volunteers were selected for this study. The tibialis anterior (TA), soleus (SOL), and gastrocnemius (GAS) muscles of a non-dominate leg were determined by using single-voxel spectroscopy 8 × 8 × 20 mm3 in size. 1H-MRS measurements were performed on a 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. Results: The results showed that metabolite spectrum of muscle in each NEU, INT, and EXT of leg positioning were not similar. Additionally, the quantification of IMCL (CH3) and EMCL (CH3) is significantly different in SOL. Conclusions: Our study showed that leg positioning influences the appearance and quantification of 1H-MRS in the calf muscle. Hence, it is necessary to pay close attention to positioning because it interferes with spectral fitting and quantification

Induction de l'apoptose et de la réversion de la résistance multiple aux drogues engendrées par les flavonoïdes et mise en évidence de la cible intracellulaire de ces molécules dans les cellules cancéreuse

PARIS13-BU Sciences (930792102) / SudocPARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

An evaluation of the antioxidant properties of iodinated radiographic contrast media: An in vitro study

This study reveals the antioxidant properties of iodinated radiographic contrast media to be used in diagnostic radiology. Di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) iminoazanium (DPPH), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays were used for determining in vitro the antioxidant properties of five iodinated radiographic contrast media such as iobitridol (xenetix), iodixanol (visipaque), iohexol (omnipaque), ioxaglate (hexabrix), and isovue (iopamiro). An ascorbic acid and Trolox solution served as a positive control. The absorbance intensity of the colored product was recorded using a spectrophotometer. For DPPH and ABTS assay, the absorbance intensity at 533 and 752 nm, respectively was decreased when compared to control; it indicated an increase in antioxidant activity. For FRAP assay, the absorbance intensity at 593 nm was increased when compared to control; it indicated an increase in antioxidant activity. The results showed that five iodinated radiographic contrast media did not differ in DPPH• radical-scavenging activity when compared to a corresponding control. The ferric reducing ability of all of these iodinated radiographic contrast media also did not differ when compared to a corresponding control, except for iobitridol at 200 mgI/mL and ioxaglate at 50–200 mgI/mL. All iodinated radiographic contrast media showed ABTS•+ radical-scavenging activity. This finding suggested that iobitridol, iodixanol, iohexol, ioxaglate, and isovue exhibited weak in vitro antioxidant properties. The antioxidant ability depended on the type of free radical production and the concentration of iodinated radiographic contrast media. Keywords: Antioxidant property, Radiographic contrast media, Free radica

Effects of obesity on the lipid and metabolite profiles of young adults by serum 1H-NMR spectroscopy

Background Overweight (OW) is considered a risk for various metabolic diseases. However, its effects as a mechanism that alters the metabolite profiles remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects that OW has on the lipid and metabolite profiles in young adults. Methods The serum metabolite profiles of 46 young adults of normal weight and those considered OW were studied by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) technique. Results 1H NMR metabolite analysis shows the alteration of metabolic levels and increased levels of CH2 lipids and CH3 lipids, which are used as unique biomarkers to identify OW subjects from the normal weight groups. Conclusion This present study reveals that OW contributes to the systemic metabolism and the metabolite alteration among young adults. The alteration in serum lipids level could shed the light on metabolic syndrome pathogenesis in young adults and needs further elucidation

The Incidence and Associated Risk Factors of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy after Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review

Iodinated contrast media (ICM) during contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in the emergency department (ED) is essential to diagnose acute conditions, despite risks of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) development and its associated complications. This systematic review aims to evaluate the incidence of CIN and CIN-induced complications, and to explore the relevance of classical risk factors for CIN among ED patients receiving ICM. PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science were used on 30 August 2021 to search for peer-reviewed English articles reporting on CIN incidence among ED patients aged ≥18 years who underwent an intravenous CECT. The inclusion criteria included studies that were in English, peer-reviewed, and involved ED patients aged ≥18 years who underwent single intravenous CECT. Studies on intra-arterial procedures and preventive strategies, meta-analyses, clinical guidelines, review articles, and case reports were excluded. The JBI critical appraisal checklist was applied to assess the risk of bias. In total, 18 studies were included wherein 15 were retrospective studies while three were prospective studies. We found a relatively higher CIN incidence in the ED, with variations owing to the CIN definitions. Several classical risk factors including acute hypotension remain linked to CIN onset in ED settings unlike factors such as age and diabetes. While risk of adverse renal events due to CIN is low, there is higher risk of CIN-induced mortality in the ED. Therefore, with the higher incidence of CIN and CIN-induced mortality rates in the ED, ICM administration during CECT in the ED should still be clinically justified after assessing both benefits and risks

Insulin negatively regulates dedifferentiation of mouse adipocytes in vitro

Insulin plays an important role during adipogenic differentiation of animal preadipocytes and the maintenance of mature phenotypes. However, its role and mechanism in dedifferentiation of adipocyte remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of insulin on dedifferentiation of mice adipocytes, and the potential mechanisms. The preadipocytes were isolated from the subcutaneous white adipose tissue of wild type (WT), TNFα gene mutant (TNFα-/-), leptin gene spontaneous point mutant (db/db) and TNFα-/-/db/db mice and were then induced for differentiation. Interestingly, dedifferentiation of these adipocytes occurred once removing exogenous insulin from the adipogenic medium. As characteristics of dedifferentiation of the adipocytes, downregulation of adipogenic markers, upregulation of stemness markers and loss of intracellular lipids were observed from the four genotypes. Notably, dedifferentiation was occurring earlier if the insulin signal was blocked. These dedifferentiated cells regained the potentials of the stem cell-like characteristics. There is no significant difference in the characteristics of the dedifferentiation between the adipocytes. Overall, the study provided evidence that insulin plays a negative regulatory role in the dedifferentiation of adipocytes. We also confirmed that both dedifferentiation of mouse adipocytes, and effect of the insulin on this process were independent of the cell genotypes, while it is a widespread phenomenon in the adipocytes

Effects of manual therapy combined with therapeutic exercise versus routine physical therapy on brain biomarkers in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain in Thailand: a study protocol for a single-blinded randomised controlled trial

Introduction Structural brain alterations in pain-related areas have been demonstrated in patients with non-specific neck pain. While manual therapy combined with therapeutic exercise is an effective management for neck pain, its underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The primary objective of this trial is to investigate the effects of manual therapy combined with therapeutic exercise on grey matter volume and thickness in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain. The secondary objectives are to assess changes in white matter integrity, neurochemical biomarkers, clinical features of neck pain, cervical range of motion and cervical muscle strength.Methods and analysis This study is a single-blinded, randomised controlled trial. Fifty-two participants with chronic non-specific neck pain will be recruited into the study. Participants will be randomly allocated to either an intervention or control group (1:1 ratio). Participants in the intervention group will receive manual therapy combined with therapeutic exercise for 10 weeks (two visits per week). The control group will receive routine physical therapy. Primary outcomes are whole-brain and regional grey matter volume and thickness. Secondary outcomes are white matter integrity (fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity), neurochemical biomarkers (N-acetylaspartate, creatine, glutamate/glutamine, myoinositol and choline), clinical features (neck pain intensity, duration, neck disability and psychological symptoms), cervical range of motion and cervical muscle strength. All outcome measures will be taken at baseline and postintervention.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval of this study has been granted by Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Chiang Mai University. The results of this trial will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication.Trial registration number NCT05568394