Effect of Perception, Attitude, Patient Safety Policy, Stakeholder Support, and Health Promotion, on Infection Prevention

BACKGROUND: Patients who receive health service, health worker, and visitors in a hospital are at risk for nosocomial infection, ie infection acquired in hospital. The presence of patient safety policy and health promotion are needed for surgical infection prevention effort. This study aimed to analyze the effect of health worker perception, attitude, patient safety policy, stakeholder support, and health promotion, on surgical infection prevention effort. SUBJECT AND METHODS: This was a cross sectional study conducted at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A sample of 104 health care workers from this hospital was selected at random for this study. The dependent variable was surgical infection prevention effort. The independent variables were the health worker perception on surgical infection prevention effort, attitude, presence of patient safety policy, stakeholder support, and health promotion. The data were collected using a questionnaire and in-depth interview. The data were analyzed using path analysis model. RESULTS: Health workers perception had positive effect on surgical infection prevention effort, and it was statistically significant (b =0.45; p<0.001). The effects of attitude (b=0.08; p=0.311), presence of patient safety (b=0.06; p=0.413), stakeholder support (b=0.13; p=0.134), and health promotion (b=0.04; p=0.719) on surgical infection prevention effort were nearly non-existent, and statistically non-significant. The model fit indices met the requirement for path analysis model: x2=4.48; p=0.214; GFI=0.98; AGFI=0.88; RMSEA=0.069; NFI=0.98; CFI=0.99. CONCLUSION: Health workers perception affects surgical infection prevention effort. Attitude, presence of patient safety policy, stakeholder support, and health promotion, do not affect surgical infection prevention effort. Keyword: perception, attitude, patient safety, stakeholder support, health promotion, surgical infection prevention effor

Application of Social Marketing in Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Evidence from Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis remained a major public health issue in many developing nations. Case detection rate remained low in Indonesia. Social marketing induces behavior change by making it compatible with individual perception, values, and convenience. This study aimed to apply social marketing to increase active case detection 0f tuberculosis. SUBJECT AND METHOD: This was a qualitative-quantitative study conducted in two puskesmas (community health centers) in Sukoharjo district, Central Java, Indonesia. A sample of 30 health cadres was selected for this study. Another sample of health personnels from puskesmas and health programmers from the district health office, Sukoharjo, were selected for this study. The data were collected by interview, focus group discussion, and document review. Changes in knowledge and social marketing among health cadres before and after training was tested by t test. Case detection rates before and after training were compared and tested by chi square. RESULTS: Knowledge in tuberculosis before training (mean=67.37; SD=11.37) increased after training (mean=83.97; SD=9.22), and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). Knowledge in social marketing before training (mean=73.04; SD=12.25) increased after training (mean=85.12; SD=12.02), and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). Tuberculosis case detection rate before trainingvincreased twice as many after training (OR=2.10; 95%CI=0.48 to 10.99; p=0.168). CONCLUSION: Social marketing can be used to increase knowledge in tuberculosis among health cadres and case detection rate through active case finding