Industrial Development vs Resistance - A Study of Posco Project in Odisha

Magnitude of resistance to mega-industrial & other developmental projects by the project affected peoples has gradually been noticed in a greater scale in India. The present paper attempts to focus on the emerging issues related to the out raged protest movement launched by a large number of local inhabitants against land acquisition & other process for POSCO project in Jagatsingpur district of Odisha (India]. Since there appears to be two conflicting groups on the rationale for POSCO project, this paper also examines & analyses the perception of pro-project local peoples on the potential development prospects of the region during post –project implementation period. Since this study is explorative & descriptive, data collection was made using qualitative research methodology through both primary & secondary source.The study reveals that the economic & socio-cultural factors associated with the resistance of large number of local people are attributed to the issues like threat for land alienation, threat for loosing their agrarian structure of permanent livelihood source, threat for socio-cultural disintegration due to proposed displacement from their ancestral home, threat for water crisis due to poor water management policy & threat for ecological imbalance in the region etc. The study also suggests that the other section of peoples who supports the project, on the contrary, found very much optimistic regarding the positive impact of the project on the quality of lives of the local community in particular & inclusive growth of the state in general

Two-body abrasive behavior of areca sheath fibre reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites

Tribological properties of randomly oriented benzyl chloride modified short areca sheath (AS) fibre reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites have been studied. The test specimens are prepared using various weights of fibres (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 %) by injection molding process. Fibre content of 27 wt% is found to have better tensile strength, as determined by regression analysis. The tribological behavior under multipass abrasion condition and the impacts of applied load & sliding distance on specific wear rate and weight loss have also been investigated. It is found that 27 wt% of fibre loading shows better resistance to wear similar to tensile strength. Scanning electron microscopy is used to capture the images of wear surface at optimum fibre loading to have an idea about the wear mechanism of the composite

Two-body abrasive behavior of areca sheath fibre reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites

205-209Tribological properties of randomly oriented benzyl chloride modified short areca sheath (AS) fibre reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites have been studied. The test specimens are prepared using various weights of fibres (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 %) by injection molding process. Fibre content of 27 wt% is found to have better tensile strength, as determined by regression analysis. The tribological behavior under multipass abrasion condition and the impacts of applied load & sliding distance on specific wear rate and weight loss have also been investigated. It is found that 27 wt% of fibre loading shows better resistance to wear similar to tensile strength. Scanning electron microscopy is used to capture the images of wear surface at optimum fibre loading to have an idea about the wear mechanism of the composite

Influence of chemical treatment on tensile strength, water absorption, surface morphology, and thermal analysis of areca sheath fibers

Proper surface modification is highly essential to improve compatibility of natural fibers with polymer matrix to develop eco-friendly materials. In the present work, an attempt has been made to study the effect of various chemical treatments such as alkaline, acrylic acid, permanganate, sodium chlorite, and benzoylation on areca sheath fiber. After surface modifications, its density, water absorption property, mechanical property, thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and surface morphology have been thoroughly investigated. It has been observed that benzoyl chloride-treated fiber gives better performance in comparison to other treatments

Study of Mechanical, Thermal, and Rheological Properties of Areca Fiber-Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite

In the present work, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) thermoplastic matrix has been reinforced by randomly oriented short areca sheath (AS) fiber to prepare PVA/AS composite by injection molding. The fiber has been chemically modified with benzyl chloride to have better compatibility with PVA matrix. Different mechanical properties such as tensile strength, Young’s modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strengths of the composite with varying weight percentage of treated fibers have been studied and the optimum weight percentage has been determined by regression analysis. It has been observed that the maximum values of mechanical properties of the composite are obtained at optimum weight percentage (i.e., 27 wt%) of AS fiber. The chemical interaction of polymers with fibers has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy at this fiber loading. The thermal properties of the composite have been studied through dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry at optimum fiber loading. Rheological properties of the composite in terms of complex viscosity (η*), storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″), and damping factor (tan δ) have been investigated through a parallel plate rheometer and compared with virgin PVA. From the characterization and study of properties, it is observed that PVA/AS composite gives best performance at optimum fiber loading

Effect of Surface Modification of Vetiver Fibers on Their Physical and Thermal Properties

Surface modification of natural fibers is essential in order to improve their compatibility with polymer matrices to develop eco-friendly composite materials. This workdeals with different surface modifications of vetiver fibers to study their effects on mechanical and thermal properties. The efficiency of each treatment has been evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy. It has been observed that benzoylation-treated vetiver fiber shows better performance in comparison to other treatments

Investigation and Fabrication of Thermo-mechanical Properties of Ceiba Pentandra Bark Fiber/Poly (Vinyl) Alcohol Composites for Automobile Dash Board and Door Panel Applications

In the present study, Ceiba pentandra bark (CP) fibers, owing to their low weight-to-high strength ratio and recyclable features have been selected as reinforcement in thermoplastic polymer. i.e., poly (vinyl) alcohol (PVA) for fabrication of composites to find its application in automobile dash board and door panel. The bark fibers were chemically modified with NaOH to enhance its bonding property with hydrophobic polymer. The mechanical properties increases at the early stage with the increase in fiber content till optimum (20 wt% of fiber) fiber loading following that it declines. The mechanical properties obtained at optimum fiber loading are 98.49 MPa of flexural strength, 32.01 kJ/m2 of impact strength, 85.92 MPa of tensile strength and 98.49 MPa of flexural strength. The composites were further characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis, and scanning electron microscopy for analysis. The thermal stability of the composites increased as compared to neat PVA matrix which was concluded by TGA. 20 wt% fiber content composites were found to be highly suitable for making dash board and door panels by automotive industries as it reveals better mechanical as well as thermal properties compared with other fabricated composites

Chemical Treatment on Rattan Fibers: Durability, Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties

The current research endeavor explores the durability, thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of untreated and various chemically treated rattan fibers to find its potential as reinforcement in fabrication of advanced composite materials. The extracted rattan fibers were gone through various chemical treatments (i.e alkali and acrylic acid). The most important limitation of plant fibers use is low material durability. So the durability of treated rattan fibers has been investigated in three different mediums. Here the results of experiments on rattan fibers were presented. From the results, it is observed that acrylic acid–treated fibers are found to retain higher percentages of their initial strength than all other fibers, after the specified period of exposure in the various mediums. Further, their characterization was done using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. Hence, acrylic acid–treated fibers can be a good potential candidate for reinforcement in polymeric matrices for the fabrication of advanced composite for different structural applications

Polyvinyl Chloride Reinforced with Areca Sheath Fiber Composites—An Experimental Study

This research work deals with fibrous composites obtained by using treated and untreated areca sheath (AS) fibers reinforced in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by injection molding process. Surface treatments of fibers have been carried out to have a better compatibility with PVC matrix. The tensile and flexural strength have been found to increase at the early stage with the increase in treated areca fiber content till optimum (18 wt% of fiber) fiber loading thereafter declines. At optimum fiber loading, the tensile strength, flexural strength and young’s modulus values are 42.38 MPa, 18.22 MPa and 2.38 GPa, respectively, which give maximum values in comparison to other fiber loadings. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), biodegradability tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been used for analysis. The TGA inferred that the thermal stability of the composites increased as compared to neat PVC matrix. Further, the composites exhibit excellent biodegradability property and their biodegradability increases with the increase of areca fiber content. From the properties obtained at optimum fiber loading (18 wt% of fiber), the composite can be suitable for automotive dashboard and door panel applications

Effect of Various Chemical Treatments on Physical, Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Properties of Calotropis Gigantea Bast Fiber

This paper highlights the chemical surface modifications of Calotropis gigantea (CG) bast fiber for attaining suitable properties as reinforcements in polymeric composites. The effect of chemical modification on its various properties like physical, mechanical, thermal and morphological properties was also discussed in this research. For this purpose the extracted fibers were chemically treated with various chemicals such as sodium hydroxide, potassium permanganate, sodium chlorite and benzoyl chloride. After surface modifications, its density, mechanical property, thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and surface morphology were thoroughly investigated. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of alkali treated CG fiber was found to be 210.39 MPa and 1.77 GPa respectively. The crystallinity index was improved by 25.37% as compared with untreated CG fiber. Finally, it was observed that alkali treated fiber gives better performance and enhances various properties of Calotropis gigantea stem fibers for use as novel reinforcement in composite materials