Wear Analysis on 410 Stainless Steel Material by Hardening Process

The wear conduct of 410 stainless steel has been examined under a dry sliding contact at consistent load. It was found that hardening procedure was successful in enhancing the wear conduct of stainless steel material, advancing the property of pliability. A low temperature hardening has been completed for three distinct examples at a hour, a hour and a half, 120 minutes. Untreated stainless steel was utilized as a kind of perspective material and experienced wear test for comparison with different hardening samples. The hardening samples uncover that hard layers that are shaped which enhances the surface hardness. Small scale hardness estimations uncovered a critical increment in hardness after treatment. The layers were portrayed by optical magnifying lens and checking electron magnifying lens investigation

Investigation of 316L Stainless Steel by Flame Hardening Process

Austenitic stainless steel offer great imperviousness to general erosion because of the development of a detached surface film. They are broadly utilized as a part of the sustenance and concoction preparing ventures and in addition in biomaterial applications. In any case, they can experience the ill effects of setting erosion in chloride particle containing arrangements. All things considered, in the meantime they have discovered little use in mechanical building applications in view of their low hardness and poor wear resistance. In this examination work, to enhance the previously mentioned reasons, surface solidifying by Flame hardening procedure is done. It has for some time been an outstanding a warm treatment for enhancing the surface properties of austenitic stainless steel. The examples were fire solidified for 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes separately. Wear test for every one of the examples were completed by stick on plate testing process. The outcomes were contrasted and an untreated specimen and finished up with metallographic tests like optical tiny tests and examining electron magnifying lens tests

Effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on improvement of fracture toughness of spark-plasma-sintered yttria-stabilized zirconia nanocomposites

Highly dense yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nano-ceramics reinforced with TC-CVD-synthesized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were fabricated using spark plasma sintering at a temperature of 1350°C, the heating rate of 100 °C/min and pressure of 50MPa with a dwell time of 10 minutes. The identical parameters were utilized for fabricating composites with a varying weight ratio of YSZ and MWNCTs. The samples were characterized for their phase transformation, microstructure and elemental composition using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The physical and mechanical properties such as density, porosity, hardness, fracture toughness and wear were also investigated. The increase in the MWCNTs concentration has resulted in the deterioration of the hardness due to CNT agglomerations. The wear resistance of the composites revealed MWNCTs enhanced wear resistance of YSZ nanocomposite by undergoing MWNCTs pull-out and crack branching mechanisms. Further indentation method and single-beam V-notch beam (SEVNB) methods were utilized to study the effect of MWCNTs on the fracture toughness of the nanocomposites. The fracture toughness of YC1 (6.58 ± 0.3 MPa m1/2) was 21% higher than the YSZ (5.21 ± 0.2 MPa m1/2) due to the toughening mechanisms attributable to crack deflection, branching and bridging of MWCNTs

Characterization 410 Stainless Steel by Vacuum Tempering Process

It has been reported that low-temperature vacuum tempering of 410 stainless steel hard layer improving wear resistance and hardness. Grade 410 stainless steel being a hardened material were modified by low temperature tempering process. By the process of tempering, brittleness on the stainless steel material will be reduced and ductility will be promoted. The microstructure, surface hardness and erosion-corrosion resistance were systematically evaluated. Vacuum tempering is done at low temperature of 430℃ can form a hardened layer, and with the treated time prolong, the thickness of the layer increased. The stainless specimens were vacuum tempered for 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes. Wear tests were conducted with the help of pin on disc apparatus. The output results were determined with various metallographic tests like scanning electron microscope and optical microscope results

Experimental Investigation and Optimization of EDM process in different Paramaters on NICKEL material (nimonic 8A)

Newly prepared Nickel alloy (Nimonic80A As Per ASTM B637 Alloy-N07080) using powder metallurgy is considered in this investigation. In Conventional machining, Nickel alloys produce higher tool wear rate , poor surface Finish, but this can be reduced by Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) method. Nickel alloy(Nimonic80Aas per ASTM B637 Alloy-N07080) presently used in wide variety of applications such as Automobiles, Aerospace industries, because of their high strength to temperature ratio. In this project, Nickel alloy (Nimonic80A as per ASTM B637 Alloy-N07080) is taken with different types of EDM Properties. Before that Chemical characteristics in addition machinelike possessions as well as to a degree Tensile test,Charpy test are administered on for judgment substance moreover severity of the material plus from that timeforward we acted EDM process by utilizing of TAGUCHI procedure. Results of tests are resolved to select high quality surface finish moreover fastest process for material request

Structure and Topography Modifications of Treated AISI 316LN Stainless Steel Surfaces after Friction in Dry Sliding Contact by Case Hardening Process

Austenitic stainless is having corrosion resistance property, but certain mechanical applications require improved resistance to wear, inferior cavitation, susceptibility to sensitization. These steels have numerous favourable circumstances for great cryogenic - properties, anti-corrosion, and bio-compatibility. So these steels have a broad application in low temperature innovation, saltwater applications, nourishment industry, bio-medicine, petro-chemical handling, and so forth when alloyed with nitrogen, austenitic treated steels has a progressively steady austenite structure, better mechanical properties and better wear opposition, which has animated extraordinary enthusiasm for this exploration work. Many surface hardening techniques are available, the best surface modification technique is chosen for improved service performance. Surface engineering is a technique to alter the surface of a material by mechanical or microchemical method without affecting the material properties. The alterations are done on the surfaces subjected to the liquid nitriding process to produce a hardened surface. Chosen for this research workbased on their wide application, the wear behaviour of AISI 316LN stainless steels was investigated. Of the various surface hardening techniques available, nitriding is chosen, so that these nitrogen gets penetrated into the material, in which hard iron chromium nitrides are formed at the surface level. AISI 316LN specimens were subjected to salt bath nitriding process. The specimens were nitrided to 60 minutes, 120 minutes and 180 minutes respectively. The specimens were undergone with wear tests by standardized tribiological wear machine and finally the metallographic studies were made

A Review Paper on Thermal Performance of Pulsating Heat Pipe

In past few years, as indirect convection cooling equipment, heat pipes have grown in favour for a variety of uses, including heat recovery and electronics. A sensible heat is categorized as not having a filter arrangement as a “pulsating heat pipe”. It transfers heat from its evaporator to condenser portions by moving the circulating flow back and forth a reaction of its ongoing phase shift that occurs inside of it. It is difficult to truly understand how it operates since the two-phase flow is the result of combining physical and thermodynamic factors. Despite this, the PHPs have caught the interest of researchers all over the world because of its simple design and large several scenarios necessitating an elevated heat transfer rate. Presented here begins and a preface outlining several researchers’ trying to model experimental explain how PHPs work. A short tabular review of the most recent experimental investigations on PHPs is offered. Novel ideas have been explored, including the use of Nano-fluids to improve PHP performance

Effect of Tool Profile Influence in Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloys (AA5083 and AA7068)

Friction stir welding is an innovative welding process for similar and dissimilar joining of the materials effectively. FSW simply modified the grain structure and also improved the strength of the joints for any type of alloying elements. This experimental study planned to carry out the joining process for dissimilar materials such as aluminium alloys 5083 and 7068. Three different types of tools are involved to find the ultimate tensile strength and Vickers hardness. The tool types are straight cylindrical tool, taper cylindrical tool, and triangular tool. The process factors for this investigation are a rotational speed of 800, 1000, 1200, and 1400 rpm, welding speed of 30, 40, 50, and 60 mm/min, axial force of 3, 4, 5, and 6 kN, and plate thickness of 5, 6, 7, and 8 mm. The hardness value and the ultimate tensile strength were increased in the welding zone, which proves the effects of tool profiles are efficiently utilized

Assessment of Wear Properties on Treated AISI 410 Martensitic Stainless Steel by Annealing Process

Martensitic stainless steels find less application in commercial products as they have high hardness, strength, and wear resistance. It lacks in ductility and exhibits moderate corrosion resistance compared to other stainless steels. As a result, annealing process were been used to strengthen the ductility and maintain stability in hardness of martensitic stainless steel material. AISI 410 was chosen for this research work and the samples were made to cylindrical shape for the following dimensions: 50 mm length and 08 mm diameter. The specimens were annealed at temperatures of 730°C, 830°C, and 930°C. The untreated material is kept aside for results comparison. All specimens were subjected to wear test using a pin on disc wear test apparatus. All the specimens were examined using a scanning electron microscope for the surface morphological changes. The outcomes were compared and the best specimen for the required application was chosen. It was discovered that there was a phase change from the martensite stage to the residual austenite stage.*