Graphene-based spintronic components

A major challenge of spintronics is in generating, controlling and detecting spin-polarized current. Manipulation of spin-polarized current, in particular, is difficult. We demonstrate here, based on calculated transport properties of graphene nanoribbons, that nearly +-100% spin-polarized current can be generated in zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) and tuned by a source-drain voltage in the bipolar spin diode, in addition to magnetic configurations of the electrodes. This unusual transport property is attributed to the intrinsic transmission selection rule of the spin subbands near the Fermi level in ZGNRs. The simultaneous control of spin current by the bias voltage and the magnetic configurations of the electrodes provides an opportunity to implement a whole range of spintronics devices. We propose theoretical designs for a complete set of basic spintronic devices, including bipolar spin diode, transistor and logic gates, based on ZGNRs.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Research on the Integrated Practical Teaching Model of Cross-border E-commerce Professional Knowledge and Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education

The development of cross-border e-commerce has stimulated a growing interest in related education. In response to this trend, a practical teaching approach that merges cross-border e-commerce expertise with innovation and entrepreneurship education has arisen and gained widespread traction. This innovative approach emphasizes the cultivation of students’ innovation skills and entrepreneurial ability through task-driven teaching that integrates professional knowledge and practical training. By participating in enterprise operations and completing assignments, students are able to master both theoretical knowledge and professional skills. This paper aims to explore the effectiveness of the task-driven teaching method in the integrated practical teaching of cross-border e-commerce and innovation and entrepreneurship. Practical suggestions for teaching reform in cross-border e-commerce are provided to meet the needs of application-oriented undergraduate colleges and to cultivate the application skills that enterprises require

(E)-N′-(3,4-Dichloro­benzyl­idene)nicotino­hydrazide monohydrate

In the title compound, C13H9Cl2N3O·H2O, the 3,4-dichloro­benzene ring is nearly coplanar with the pyridine ring, making a dihedral angle of 4.78 (8)°. Inter­molecular O—H⋯O, O—H⋯N, N—H⋯O and weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure

Diethyl 2,2′-bis­(hy­droxy­imino)-3,3′-(hydrazinediyl­idene)dibutano­ate

Each mol­ecule of the title compound, C12H18N4O6, is located on an inversion centre at the mid-point of the central N—N bond. The azo groups C=N of the Schiff base group have an E conformation and the azo groups in the oxime C=N—O groups have a Z conformation. O–H⋯O hydrogen bonds link neighbouring mol­ecules into infinite monolayers perpendicular to the a axis

Further improvement of N6 medium for callus induction and plant regeneration from maize immature embryos

To explore the possibility to improve N6 medium for callus induction and plant regeneration from maize immature embryos, comparative experiments were conducted to screen the optimal calcium concentration for the callus induction medium and the subculture medium modified from N6 medium and to examine the effects of uniconazole and ABT root promoting powder supplement on plant regeneration and root generation. According to the results, the calcium concentration of N6 medium was increased from 1.13 to 5 mmol/l for callus induction and subculture. Uniconazole from 0.25 and 0.5 mg/l and ABT root promoting powder of 0.5 mg/l were suggested to be supplemented to the regeneration medium and the root generation, separately. On these improved media, the frequency of callus induction, the relative proliferation rate of callus subculture, the regeneration rate and the average root biomass of the regenerated plantlets increased significantly. All these improvements facilitate the establishment of acceptor system from elite parental inbred lines of commercial hybrids and provide a solid basis for transgenic manipulation of maize.Keywords: ABT root-promoting powder, calcium, callus induction, immature embryo, maize, N6 medium, plant regeneration, uniconazol

(E)-N′-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl­ene)nicotinohydrazide monohydrate

In the title compound, C14H11N3O3·H2O, the planar [maximum deviation 0.135 (1) Å] 1,3-benzodioxole ring system is oriented at a dihedral angle of 13.93 (7)° with respect to the pyridine ring. Extensive inter­molecular N—H⋯O, O—H⋯O, O—H⋯N and weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure

Evidence of shallow basaltic lava layers in Von Kármán crater from Yutu-2 lunar Penetrating Radar

Open Access via the Elsevier agreement The following work received funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China (42241131).Peer reviewedPublisher PD