Mixed Cerebrovascular Disease and the Future of Stroke Prevention

Stroke prevention efforts typically focus on either ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. This approach is overly simplistic due to the frequent coexistence of ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease. This coexistence, termed “mixed cerebrovascular disease”, offers a conceptual framework that appears useful for stroke prevention strategies. Mixed cerebrovascular disease incorporates clinical and subclinical syndromes, including ischemic stroke, subclinical infarct, white matter disease of aging (leukoaraiosis), intracerebral hemorrhage, and cerebral microbleeds. Reliance on mixed cerebrovascular disease as a diagnostic entity may assist in stratifying risk of hemorrhagic stroke associated with platelet therapy and anticoagulants. Animal models of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease, particularly models of cerebral amyloid angiopathy and hypertension, offer novel means for identifying underlying mechanisms and developing focused therapy. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors represent a class of agents that, by targeting both platelets and vessel wall, provide the kind of dual actions necessary for stroke prevention, given the spectrum of disorders that characterizes mixed cerebrovascular disease

Spin and magnetic moment of Mg-33: Evidence for a negative-parity intruder ground state

We report on the first determination of the nuclear ground-state spin of Mg-33, I=3/2, and its magnetic moment, mu=-0.7456(5) mu(N), by combining laser spectroscopy with nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. These values are inconsistent with an earlier suggested 1 particle-1 hole configuration and provide evidence for a 2 particle-2 hole intruder ground state with negative parity. The results are in agreement with an odd-neutron occupation of the 3/2[321] Nilsson orbital at a large prolate deformation. The discussion emphasizes the need of further theoretical and experimental investigation of the island of inversion, a region previously thought to be well understood.We report on the first determination of the nuclear ground-state spin of Mg-33, I = 3/2, and its magnetic moment, mu = -0.7456(5) mu(N), by combining laser spectroscopy with nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. These values are inconsistent with an earlier suggested 1 particle-1 hole configuration and provide evidence for a 2 particle-2 hole intruder ground state with negative parity. The results are in agreement with an odd-neutron occupation of the 3/2[321] Nilsson orbital at a large prolate deformation. The discussion emphasizes the need of further theoretical and experimental investigation of the island of inversion, a region previously thought to be well understood.status: publishe

Nuclear charge radii of potassium isotopes beyond N = 28

We report on the measurement of optical isotope shifts for 38,39,42,44,46–51K relative to 47K from which changes in the nuclear mean square charge radii across the N = 28 shell closure are deduced. The investigation was carried out by bunched-beam collinear laser spectroscopy at the CERN-ISOLDE radioactive ion-beam facility. Mean square charge radii are now known from 37K to 51K, covering all νf7/2-shell as well as all νp3/2-shell nuclei. These measurements, in conjunction with those of Ca, Cr, Mn and Fe, provide a first insight into the Z dependence of the evolution of nuclear size above the shell closure at N = 28.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Nuclear charge radii of potassium isotopes beyond journaltitle: Physics Letters B articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.02.012 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.status: publishe

Experimental determination of an Iπ=2- ground state in 72,74Cu

This article reports on the ground-state spin and moments measured in Cu-72,Cu-74 using collinear laser spectroscopy at the CERN On-Line Isotope Mass Separator (ISOLDE) facility. From the measured hyperfine coefficients, the nuclear observables mu(Cu-72) = -1.3472(10)mu(N), mu(Cu-74) = -1.068(3)mu(N), Q(Cu-72) = +8(2) efm(2), Q(Cu-74) = +26(3) efm(2), I(Cu-72) = 2, and I(Cu-74) = 2 have been determined. Through a comparison of the measured magnetic moments with different models, the negative moment reveals a strong pi f(5/2) circle times nu g(9/2) component in the ground-state wave function. Consequently, a negative parity has been assigned to the ground states of Cu-72,Cu-74. Large-scale shell-model calculations illustrate the strong sensitivity of the nuclear moments to configuration mixing and to the effective interaction employed.status: publishe

The Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (CRIS) experimental setup at CERN-ISOLDE

The CRIS setup at CERN-ISOLDE is a laser spectroscopy experiment dedicated to the high-resolution study of the spin, hyperfine structure and isotope shift of radioactive nuclei with low production rates (a few per second). It combines the Doppler-free resolution of the in-flight collinear geometry with the high detection efficiency of resonant ionisation. A recent commissioning campaign has demonstrated a 1% experimental efficiency, and as low as a 0.001% non-resonant ionisation. The current status of the experiment and its recent achievements with beams of francium isotopes are reported. The first identified systematic effects are discussed.© 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved