Is rumination after bereavement linked with loss avoidance? : Evidence from eye-tracking

Funding: This research was funded by a Zon-MW TOP Grant of the Dutch Society for Scientific Research (NWO) under Grant number 91208009. Website: www.zonmw.nl. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Поняття та ознаки юридичної колізії

Розглядаються основні теоретичні підходи до визначення поняття юридичної колізії. В статті акцентується увага на необхідності розуміння колізії саме як про­тиріччя норм права, а не нормативних актів. Наведено авторське визначення поняття юридичної колізії.Рассматриваются оснорвные теоретические подходы к определению понятия юридической коллизии. В статье акцентируется внимание на необходимости понима­ния коллизии именно как противоречия норм права, а не нормативних актов. Приво­диться авторское определение понятия юридической коллизии.The author analyzed modern theoretical approaches to definition of conflict of laws and analyzed conflict of laws in legislation of Ukraine. The author substantiates the conclusion that conflicts of law is a conflict between legal rules, not between statutes. The author’s defi­nition of conflict of laws is given

Особливості скульптури поверхні зерен мінералів у паласитах

Наведено результати растрових електронно-мікроскопічних досліджень скульптури поверхні зерен мінералів із паласитів. Показано, що тонкі скульптурні особливості на поверхні зерен є чутливим індикатором фізико-хімічних умов утворення та еволюції паласитів у космосі й на Землі.The results of the scanning electron microscopic study of surface sculpture of mineral grains from pallasites are given. It is shown that the fine sculpture features belong to a sensitive indicator of physico-chemical conditions of pallasites formation and evolution in space and on the Earth

В портфеле редакции

OBJECTIVES: Rumination is a risk factor after bereavement, predicting higher concurrent and prospective symptom levels of complicated grief and depression in mourners. Research has shown that rumination may consist of adaptive and maladaptive subtypes, but there has been a paucity of research in this topic in the bereavement area. Therefore, we aimed to clarify whether functional and dysfunctional forms of rumination can be distinguished after loss. DESIGN: Two-hundred and forty-two adults, who lost a first-degree family member on average 10 months previously, filled out questionnaires at three time points with 6 months between each time point. METHODS: Multiple regression analyses, controlled for loss-related variables, neuroticism, and baseline symptoms, were run to examine associations of subtypes of depressive rumination (brooding, reflection) and grief rumination (rumination about injustice, meaning, reactions, relationships and counterfactual thinking) with concurrent and prospective symptom levels of complicated grief and depression. RESULTS: Overall, grief rumination explained more variance in symptom levels than depressive rumination. Other major findings were that grief rumination about injustice predicted higher concurrent and prospective symptom levels of complicated grief and higher prospective symptom levels of depression. In contrast, grief rumination about emotional reactions was related to prospective reductions in symptoms of complicated grief. Reflection was also associated with prospective reductions of complicated grief and depressive symptom levels. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that adaptive and maladaptive forms of ruminative thinking can be distinguished in bereaved individuals. Therapeutic interventions for complicated grief could potentially be improved by including techniques aimed at reducing maladaptive rumination and increasing adaptive rumination. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Clinical implications Adaptive and maladaptive components of rumination after loss can be distinguished. They are differentially associated with concurrent and prospective symptom levels of complicated grief and depression in mourners. Adaptive rumination after bereavement is characterized by repetitive, self-focused thinking aimed at understanding one's depressive and loss-related emotional reactions. Maladaptive rumination is characterized by repetitive, self-focused thinking about injustice to the self and making passive comparisons between the current situation (in which one has experienced a loss) and unrealized alternatives. Psychological interventions for complicated grief may be improved by adding therapeutic techniques aimed at reducing maladaptive rumination and increasing adaptive rumination. Cautions and limitations This investigation relied exclusively on self-report measures. Conjugally bereaved women were overrepresented in the current sample. Complicated grief and depression levels in the current sample ranged from non-clinical to clinical. Effects may be more pronounced in a clinical sample

Організація самостійної роботи студентів ВНЗів із вивчення лексичного матеріалу

Статтю присвячено проблемі підвищення продуктивності вивчення лексичного матеріалу студентами немовних вищих навчальних закладів.The article is devoted to the problem of rising productivity of learning new lexical material by students of non-linguistic high educational establishments

Клинико-психопатологические проявления депрессий у жителей сельской местности

Представлены выявленные у больных депрессией жителей сельской местности наследственная отягощенность по алкоголизму и интоксикации в анамнезе, сопутствующий алкоголизм, установлены факторы, провоцирующие развитие депрессивного эпизода, и синдромологическая структура депрессий.Family history of alcoholism and accompanying intoxication, revealed in patients with depression living in rural areas, are presented. The factors provoking development of depressive episode and syndromological structure of depressions were determined