70 research outputs found

    Assessment of the Comfort of the Urban Environment

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    НСсмотря Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΡ€Π±Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, соврСмСнный Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ развития российских Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° многоэтаТной ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ застройки ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ…, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ использованию Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ»ΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ создаСт ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° транспортныС ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ сСти. Π’ Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… исслСдования Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ сравнСниС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ урбанистичСского развития, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ качСства городской срСды. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° созданиС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ„ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ городской срСды, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ инфраструктуры, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΉΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ пространства. На основС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… стран Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ для развития российских Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ использования Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ, созданиС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π³Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… пространств, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ качСства ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ°Π½. ИсслСдованиС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ для городских ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‰ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ всСх заинтСрСсованных сторон, стрСмящихся ΠΊ созданию устойчивой ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ„ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ городской срСды Π² России.Despite the legislative support for global ideas of new urbanism, the current development model of Russian cities continues to adhere to the direction of high-rise micro-district construction and uncontrolled expansion at the boundaries, leading to the irrational use of land and placing a significant burden on transportation and engineering networks. The research involved the analysis and comparison of various models of urban development as well as methods for assessing the quality of the urban environment. As a result, key factors influencing the creation of a comfortable urban environment were identified, including infrastructure accessibility, environmental sustainability, social equity, and spatial functionality. Based on the obtained data and the experience of other countries, recommendations and solutions for the development of Russian cities were proposed, aimed at optimizing land use, creating more functional and harmonious spaces, and improving the quality of life for urban residents. The research holds practical significance for urban planners, architects, and all stakeholders striving to create a sustainable and comfortable urban environment in Russi

    Combining Computational Fluid Dynamics and Agent-Based Modeling: A New Approach to Evacuation Planning

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    We introduce a novel hybrid of two fieldsβ€”Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Agent-Based Modeling (ABM)β€”as a powerful new technique for urban evacuation planning. CFD is a predominant technique for modeling airborne transport of contaminants, while ABM is a powerful approach for modeling social dynamics in populations of adaptive individuals. The hybrid CFD-ABM method is capable of simulating how large, spatially-distributed populations might respond to a physically realistic contaminant plume. We demonstrate the overall feasibility of CFD-ABM evacuation design, using the case of a hypothetical aerosol release in Los Angeles to explore potential effectiveness of various policy regimes. We conclude by arguing that this new approach can be powerfully applied to arbitrary population centers, offering an unprecedented preparedness and catastrophic event response tool

    НСсСзонноС производство ягодной ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ красной Π² условиях ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ†

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    Relevance. Currently, in many countries of the world, the production of non-season raspberry berry products has become widespread. Recently, interest in this technology has arisen in Russia, which has great prospects for the development of industrial gardening. In our opinion, it is promising to develop elements of technology for the non-seasonal production of red raspberries, propagated by the method of clonal micropropagation with a traditional and remontant type of fruiting in the conditions of winter heated greenhouses.Material and methods. The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of clonal micropropagation of garden plants in the fruit growing laboratory of RGAU-MSHA named after K.A. Timiryazev. The objects of research were varieties of red raspberries with a traditional (variety Volnitsa) and remontant (varieties Orangevoe Chudo and Bryanskoe Divo) type of fruiting. The experimental plants were propagated by the method of clonal micropropagation and grown before distillation in open and protected ground; plants propagated by root offspring served as control. Experimental plants were planted in open ground for growing in mid-May, in mid-October they were transplanted into 10 liter containers and transferred to protected ground conditions. Then put in the refrigerator compartment with a temperature of + 1 ... + 5Β°C. For distillation, the raspberry repairing plants were exposed in the winter heated greenhouse on January 20, while the shoots of replacing the aboveground system were normalized: without normalization, 3 shoots per plant, complete pruning of the aboveground system. Raspberries with a traditional type of fruiting were exposed in a winter heated greenhouse in three periods on January 20, February 10, March 2. Accounting for the passage of the phenological phases of development and yield was made for 3 months every 5 days.Results. In the conditions of winter heated greenhouses, efficiency has been shown and elements of technology for non-season production of raspberry berries remontant and berries with a traditional type of fruiting, propagated in vitro and grown before open field distillation are developed. It was revealed that it is necessary to normalize the shoots before distillation of raspberry remontant, and the optimal timing for the start of distillation for raspberries with a traditional type of fruiting has been established.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π’ настоящСС врСмя Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… странах ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π° ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ распространСниС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ производство нСсСзонной ягодной ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. Π’ послСднСС врСмя интСрСс ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ Π² России, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ большиС пСрспСктивы для развития ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ садоводства. На наш взгляд, пСрспСктивно Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ элСмСнты Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ нСсСзонного производства ягод ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ красной, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ клонального микроразмноТСния с Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ плодоношСния Π² условиях Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ†.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠžΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ клонального микроразмноТСния садовых растСний Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ плодоводства РГАУ-МБΠ₯А ΠΈΠΌ. К.А. ВимирязСва. ΠžΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ исслСдований слуТили сорта ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ красной с Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ (сорт Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ†Π°) ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ (сорта ΠžΡ€Π°Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎ ΠΈ БрянскоС Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ) Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ плодоношСния. ΠžΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ растСния Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ клонального микроразмноТСния ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ слуТили растСния, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ отпрысками. Π’ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚ растСния Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ высаТСны Π² сСрСдинС мая, Π² сСрСдинС октября ΠΈΡ… пСрСсадили Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹ объСмом 10 Π» ΠΈ пСрСнСсли Π² условия Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚Π°. Π—Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ выставили Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ отсСк с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠΉ 1…5Β°C. Для Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ растСния ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ выставляли Π² зимнюю ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ 20 января, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ² замСщСния Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы: Π±Π΅Π· Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ, 3 ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π³Π° Π½Π° растСниС, полная ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΊΠ° Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы. ΠœΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ с Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ плодоношСния выставляли Π² зимнюю ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ Π² Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ срока 20 января, 10 фСвраля, 2 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°. Π£Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹ прохоТдСния фСнологичСских Ρ„Π°Π· развития ΠΈ поступлСния уроТая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 3 мСсяцСв Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹Π΅ 5 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Π’ условиях Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ† ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ элСмСнты Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ нСсСзонного производства ягод ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ с Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ плодоношСния, Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… in vitro ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚Π΅. ВыявлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ провСсти Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ установлСны ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сроки Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ для ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ с Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ плодоношСния

    Π­Ρ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСния ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° БупСрстим Π² ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ… Π½Π° этапС Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ микрорастСний Тимолости (Lonicera L.) подсСкции синСй (Caeruleae Rehd.) ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ условиям с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ послСдСйствия Π½Π° этапС доращивания

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    Relevance. In recent years, interest in the edible honeysuckle culture has increased in Russia, the wide distribution of which is hampered by the lack of quality planting material. The technology of clonal micropropagation allows for a short time to obtain a large amount of honeysuckle planting material, more than a thousand regenerated plants per year from one meristematic apex introduced into an in vitro culture. It is hundreds of times more than in traditional methods of vegetative propagation. Adaptation to non-sterile conditions is the final and most crucial stage of clonal micropropagation, the loss of which can be from 50 to 90%. It should be noted that there is practically no research on how the further development of adapted honeysuckle plants takes place during subsequent growing.Methods. Researching of growth regulators of the new generation Superstim 1 and Superstim 2 effect in low and ultra-low doses on the survival rates and development of honeysuckle plants at the stages of adaptation subsequent growing.Results. Superstim 1 is more effective at physiological concentrations – 1 x 10-7 and in the field of ultra-low doses – 1 x 10-14, 1 x 10-15%. At the stage of subsequent growing, a positive after-effect of physiological concentrations – 1x10-3 and 1x10-7 was observed, and an ultra-low dose – 1x10-17%. The growth regulator Superstim 2 at the stages of adaptation and subsequent growing is effectively used only in one concentration – 1x10-16%. The additional foliar treatments at the stage of subsequent growing are not necessary.Β ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π’ послСдниС Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π² России увСличиваСтся интСрСс ΠΊ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ Тимолости съСдобной, ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ распространСниС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ сдСрТиваСтся ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π΄Π΅Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π° качСствСнного посадочного ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. ВСхнология клонального микроразмноТСния позволяСт Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈΠΉ срок ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ большоС количСство посадочного ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Тимолости, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ тысячи растСний-Ρ€Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ in vitro мСристСматичСского апСкса, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² сотни Ρ€Π°Π· большС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ размноТСния. Адаптация ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ условиям являСтся Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ отвСтствСнным этапом клонального микроразмноТСния, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ 50 Π΄ΠΎ 90% ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ практичСски Π½Π΅Ρ‚ исслСдований ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ происходит дальнСйшСС Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… растСний Тимолости ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ влияния ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ поколСния БупСрстим 1 ΠΈ БупСрстим 2 Π² ΠΌΠ°Π»Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ свСрхмалых Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ… Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ приТиваСмости ΠΈ развития растСний Тимолости Π½Π° этапах Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ доращивания.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ВыявлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ БупСрстим 1 Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ эффСктивСн Π² физиологичСской ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ – 1x10-7% ΠΈ Π² области свСрхмалых Π΄ΠΎΠ· – 1x10-14, 1x10-15%. На этапС доращивания выявлСно ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ послСдСйствиС физиологичСских ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ – 1x10-3, 1x10-7%, ΠΈ свСрхмалой Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ – 1x10-17%. ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ БупСрстим 2 Π½Π° этапах Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ доращивания эффСктивно ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ – 1x10-16%. Π’ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π½Π° этапС доращивания Π½Π΅Ρ‚ нСобходимости.

    The Gene Ontology knowledgebase in 2023

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    The Gene Ontology (GO) knowledgebase (http://geneontology.org) is a comprehensive resource concerning the functions of genes and gene products (proteins and noncoding RNAs). GO annotations cover genes from organisms across the tree of life as well as viruses, though most gene function knowledge currently derives from experiments carried out in a relatively small number of model organisms. Here, we provide an updated overview of the GO knowledgebase, as well as the efforts of the broad, international consortium of scientists that develops, maintains, and updates the GO knowledgebase. The GO knowledgebase consists of three components: (1) the GO-a computational knowledge structure describing the functional characteristics of genes; (2) GO annotations-evidence-supported statements asserting that a specific gene product has a particular functional characteristic; and (3) GO Causal Activity Models (GO-CAMs)-mechanistic models of molecular "pathways" (GO biological processes) created by linking multiple GO annotations using defined relations. Each of these components is continually expanded, revised, and updated in response to newly published discoveries and receives extensive QA checks, reviews, and user feedback. For each of these components, we provide a description of the current contents, recent developments to keep the knowledgebase up to date with new discoveries, and guidance on how users can best make use of the data that we provide. We conclude with future directions for the project

    The Gene Ontology resource: enriching a GOld mine

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    The Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC) provides the most comprehensive resource currently available for computable knowledge regarding the functions of genes and gene products. Here, we report the advances of the consortium over the past two years. The new GO-CAM annotation framework was notably improved, and we formalized the model with a computational schema to check and validate the rapidly increasing repository of 2838 GO-CAMs. In addition, we describe the impacts of several collaborations to refine GO and report a 10% increase in the number of GO annotations, a 25% increase in annotated gene products, and over 9,400 new scientific articles annotated. As the project matures, we continue our efforts to review older annotations in light of newer findings, and, to maintain consistency with other ontologies. As a result, 20 000 annotations derived from experimental data were reviewed, corresponding to 2.5% of experimental GO annotations. The website (http://geneontology.org) was redesigned for quick access to documentation, downloads and tools. To maintain an accurate resource and support traceability and reproducibility, we have made available a historical archive covering the past 15 years of GO data with a consistent format and file structure for both the ontology and annotations

    High fidelity simulation of jet mixing in a confluent flow nozzle

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