383 research outputs found
Commercial-off-the-shelf simulation package interoperability: Issues and futures
Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Simulation Packages (CSPs) are widely used in industry to simulate discrete-event models. Interoperability of CSPs requires the use of distributed simulation techniques. Literature presents us with many examples of achieving CSP interoperability using bespoke solutions. However, for the wider adoption of CSP-based distributed simulation it is essential that, first and foremost, a standard for CSP interoperability be created, and secondly, these standards are adhered to by the CSP vendors. This advanced tutorial is on an emerging standard relating to CSP interoperability. It gives an overview of this standard and presents case studies that implement some of the proposed standards. Furthermore, interoperability is discussed in relation to large and complex models developed using CSPs that require large amount of computing resources. It is hoped that this tutorial will inform the simulation community of the issues associated with CSP interoperability, the importance of these standards and its future
The SISO CSPI PDG standard for commercial off-the-shelf simulation package interoperability reference models
For many years discrete-event simulation has been used to analyze production and logistics problems in manufactur-ing and defense. Commercial-off-the-shelf Simulation Packages (CSPs), visual interactive modelling environ-ments such as Arena, Anylogic, Flexsim, Simul8, Witness, etc., support the development, experimentation and visua-lization of simulation models. There have been various attempts to create distributed simulations with these CSPs and their tools, some with the High Level Architecture (HLA). These are complex and it is quite difficult to assess how a set of models/CSP are actually interoperating. As the first in a series of standards aimed at standardizing how the HLA is used to support CSP distributed simula-tions, the Simulation Interoperability Standards Organiza-tion’s (SISO) CSP Interoperability Product Development Group (CSPI PDG) has developed and standardized a set of Interoperability Reference Models (IRM) that are in-tended to clearly identify the interoperability capabilities of CSP distributed simulations
Cultivo orgânico do morangueiro: densidade de plantio, crescimento e produtividade de cultivares de ?dia neutro?
bitstream/item/78783/1/Boletim-160.pd
Comparação da temperatura do ar obtida por estação meteorológica convencional e automática.
Este trabalho teve como objetivos comparar os dados da temperatura do ar (temperatura mĂ©dia e extrema), obtidos em uma Estação MeteorolĂłgica Convencional com os de uma Estação MeteorolĂłgica Automática, e avaliar as estimativas da temperatura mĂ©dia diária do ar por diferentes mĂ©todos. As estações meteorolĂłgicas estavam localizadas na Estação AgroclimatolĂłgica de Pelotas, CapĂŁo do LeĂŁo (31Âş52? S, 52Âş21? W e 13,2 m), Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A sĂ©rie de cada elemento foi obtida simultaneamente na Estação Automática e na Estação Convencional durante o perĂodo de 22/12/2005 a 21/12/2006. Existe alta equivalĂŞncia para as medidas das temperaturas extremas e das estimativas das temperaturas mĂ©dias entre as Estações MeteorolĂłgicas Convencional e Automática, independente do mĂ©todo utilizado para o cálculo da temperatura mĂ©dia do ar. O termohigrĂłgrafo mede, com alta precisĂŁo, as temperaturas extremas do ar. Verificam-se pequenas diferenças nos horários de ocorrĂŞncia das temperaturas mĂnimas e máximas entre as Estações MeteorolĂłgicas Convencional e Automática. A análise dos dados indica que a substituição da Estação MeteorolĂłgica Convencional pela Estação MeteorolĂłgicas Automática, na regiĂŁo Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, nĂŁo acarreta mudanças significativas na sĂ©rie de dados de temperatura do ar
Facilitating the analysis of a UK national blood service supply chain using distributed simulation
In an attempt to investigate blood unit ordering policies, researchers have created a discrete-event model of the UK National Blood Service (NBS) supply chain in the Southampton area of the UK. The model has been created using Simul8, a commercial-off-the-shelf discrete-event simulation package (CSP). However, as more hospitals were added to the model, it was discovered that the length of time needed to perform a single simulation severely increased. It has been claimed that distributed simulation, a technique that uses the resources of many computers to execute a simulation model, can reduce simulation runtime. Further, an emerging standardized approach exists that supports distributed simulation with CSPs. These CSP Interoperability (CSPI) standards are compatible with the IEEE 1516 standard The High Level Architecture, the defacto interoperability standard for distributed simulation. To investigate if distributed simulation can reduce the execution time of NBS supply chain simulation, this paper presents experiences of creating a distributed version of the CSP Simul8 according to the CSPI/HLA standards. It shows that the distributed version of the simulation does indeed run faster when the model reaches a certain size. Further, we argue that understanding the relationship of model features is key to performance. This is illustrated by experimentation with two different protocols implementations (using Time Advance Request (TAR) and Next Event Request (NER)). Our contribution is therefore the demonstration that distributed simulation is a useful technique in the timely execution of supply chains of this type and that careful analysis of model features can further increase performance
Avaliação dos sólidos solúveis, ph e acidez titulável de 56 genótipos de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.).
Cultivo e adaptação de vinte e seis genótipos de cana-de-açúcar na região serrana do estado do Rio Grande do Sul.
Elevated Levels of the Anti-Inflammatory Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Precede the Onset of Type 2 Diabetes: The Whitehall II Study
OBJECTIVE—Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), a natural inhibitor of interleukin-1β, has been shown to improve β-cell function and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether baseline systemic levels of IL-1Ra are associated with incident type 2 diabetes during more than 10 years of follow-up
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