Pro-survival signalling from the NMDA receptor

Ca(2+) influx through the NMDA subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors plays a Jekyll and Hyde role in the mammalian central nervous system. While it mediates excitotoxic death triggered by stroke and other acute trauma, there is growing evidence that physiological levels of NMDA receptor activity promote survival. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie these opposing effects may lead to strategies to selectively block pro-death signalling, which could have considerable clinical benefits

AHA/ACC vs ESC Guidelines for Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease JACC Guideline Comparison

The American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology published practice guidelines for the management of adult congenital heart disease in 2018 and the European Society of Cardiology published analogous guidelines in 2020. Although there are broad areas of consensus between the 2 documents, there are important differences that impact patient management. This review discusses key areas of agreement and disagreement between the 2 guidelines, with discussion of possible reasons for disagreement and potential implications. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2021;78:1904-1918) (c) 2021 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.Cardiolog