The effect of humic substances on test-objects

The complex study of a number of humic substances was conducted with help of bioassay methods using invertebrates (Daphnia, paramecium, earthworms), terrestrial (wheat seeds) and aquatic plants (elodea, duckweed) and algae (Scenedesmus quadricauda). The ranges of concentrations of humates that have a negative and a stimulating effect on biological objects were identified. The efficiency of biological testing methods to evaluate the effect of humic substances on biological objects is shown

Детальное изучение одной из солянокупольных структур Эмбинского района Прикаспийской впадины геофизическими методами (Республика Казахстан)

Детальное изучение одной из солянокупольных структур Эмбинского района Прикаспийской впадины геофизическими методами (Республика Казахстан).Detailed study of one of the salt dome structures of the Emba region of the Caspian basin (Republic of Kazakhstan) by geophysical methods)

Интенсификация очистки сточной воды от нефтепродуктов с помощью катализаторов типа «Катан» и штаммов биодеструкторов нефти

The treatment wastewater with a high concentration of oil at development of the oil refining industry is issue of the day. The treatment of wastewater enhanced to combination of chemical and biological purification methods. Treatment of wastewater using strains of biodegraders oil that it mixed with the activated sludge and the use of the catalysts “Katan” reduces the amount oil in waste water in the model by more than 80%.При развитии нефтеперерабатывающей промышленности проблема очистки сточных вод с высокой концентрацией нефти является достаточно актуальной. Сочетание химических и биологических методов очистки повышает эффективность очистки сточных вод. Повышение доли нефтеразрущающих микроорганизмов в активном иле и использование катализаторов типа «Катан» позволяет уменьшить количество нефтеперодуктов в модельной сточной воде более чем на 80%

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CARBONIC NANO-STRUCTURES-COMPARISON VIA ENZYMATIC BIOASSAY

Purpose: The aim of the work is to compare the biological activity of carbonic nano-structures of natural and artificial origination, namely, humic substances (HS) and fullerenols. Materials and methods: The representative of the fullerenol group, С 60 О y (OH) x where у + x = 20–22, was chosen. Enzyme-based luminescent bioassay was applied to evaluate toxicity and antioxidant properties of HS and fullerenol (F); chemiluminescent luminol method was used to study a content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the solutions. Toxicity of the bioactive compounds was evaluated using effective concentrations ЕС 50 ; detoxification coefficients D OxT were applied to study and compare antioxidant activity of the compounds. Antioxidant activity and ranges of active concentrations of the bioactive compounds were determined in model solutions of organic and inorganic oxidizers—1,4-benzoquinone and potassium ferricianide. Results and discussion: Values of ЕС 50 revealed higher toxicity of HS than F (0.005 and 0.108 g L −1 , respectively); detoxifying concentrations of F were found to be lower. Antioxidant ability of HS was demonstrated to be time-dependent; the 50-min preliminary incubation in oxidizer solutions was suggested as optimal for the detoxification procedure. On the contrary, F’ antioxidant effect demonstrated independency on time. Antioxidant effect of HS did not depend on amphiphilic characteristics of the media (values of D OxT were 1.3 in the solutions of organic and inorganic oxidizers), while this of F was found to depend: it was maximal (D OxT = 2.0) in solutions of organic oxidizer, 1,4-benzoquinone. Conclusions: Both HS and F demonstrated toxicity and low-concentration antioxidant ability; however, quantitative characteristics of their effects were different. The differences were explained with HS polyfunctionality, higher ability to decrease ROS content, non-rigidity, and diffusion restrictions in their solutions. Antioxidant effect of the bioactive compounds was presumably attributed to catalytic redox activity of their π-fragments. The paper demonstrates a high potential of luminescent enzymatic bioassay to study biological activity of nano-structures of natural and artificial origination

Comparative assessment of toxic effects of surfactants using biotesting methods

Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала.This study assesses the comparative sensitivity and possibility of obtaining fast results of various methods of biotesting for several surfactants: Tween 85, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Fairy dishwashing gel, and Mif washing powder. The following test organisms are used for the study: luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum (Beijerinck), preparation of Ecolum luminescent bacteria, unicellular algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (G.M. Smith), infusorian Paramecium caudatum (Ehrenberg), and crustacean Daphnia magna (Straus). It has been revealed that Fairy dishwashing gel possesses the strongest toxicity against the studied test objects. Daphnia and algae are most sensitive to the effects of Fairy and SDS, protozoan and luminescent bacteria are most sensitive to SDS, and Ecolum is most sensitive to Mif washing powder. The tested aquatic organisms and Ecolum are most tolerant to the effect of Tween 85

Comparative assessment of toxic effects of surfactants using biotesting methods

Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала.This study assesses the comparative sensitivity and possibility of obtaining fast results of various methods of biotesting for several surfactants: Tween 85, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Fairy dishwashing gel, and Mif washing powder. The following test organisms are used for the study: luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum (Beijerinck), preparation of Ecolum luminescent bacteria, unicellular algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (G.M. Smith), infusorian Paramecium caudatum (Ehrenberg), and crustacean Daphnia magna (Straus). It has been revealed that Fairy dishwashing gel possesses the strongest toxicity against the studied test objects. Daphnia and algae are most sensitive to the effects of Fairy and SDS, protozoan and luminescent bacteria are most sensitive to SDS, and Ecolum is most sensitive to Mif washing powder. The tested aquatic organisms and Ecolum are most tolerant to the effect of Tween 85