Kleinkörnige Leguminosen energie- und proteinoptimiert produzieren in Strip-Till-Systemen

Mit dem Projekt Klee_pro_StripS sollte die teilflächenspezifische Aussaat der Leguminosen in bereits vorhandene Ackergrasbestände erforscht werden, d.h. der räumlich getrennte Anbau von Gras und Leguminose in alternierenden Reihen oder durch sensorgestützte Raumzuteilung in vorhandene Lücken. Gegenüber der verbreiteten Aussaat als Leguminosen-Gras-Gemenge können so die Gräser im ersten Anbaujahr intensiv genutzt, mit Gülle gedüngt und z.B. ohne Auswirkungen auf die Leguminosen mit Pflanzenschutzmitteln behandelt werden. Damit könnte die Akzeptanz von Futterleguminosen vor allem in konventionellen Betrieben erhöht, und auch der mehrjährige Futterbau gefördert werden. Es wurden dafür Leguminosen verwendet, die eine gewisse Verträglichkeit gegenüber Trockenheit erwarten lassen: Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense und Medicago sativa. Die Versuche an mehreren haben jedoch deutlich gemacht, dass sich alle Leguminosen in besonders trockenen Jahren, wie die beiden Hauptversuchsjahre 2019 und 2020, sowohl mit neuen als auch bewährten Aussaatmethoden nur schwer in den angestrebten Ertragsanteilen etablieren lassen. Große Probleme ergaben sich durch mangelnden Aufgang, unzureichende Knöllchenbildung und Schädlingsdruck. Die Frässaattechnik war angesichts der zu trockenen Böden sehr schadenanfällig. Vielversprechender war die sensorgestützte Nachsaat in vorhandene Lücken, die nun weiterentwickelt werden soll

Transapical mitral valve implantation for treatment of symptomatic mitral valve disease: a real-world multicentre experience.

AIMS Transcatheter mitral valve implantation (TMVI) is a new treatment option for patients with symptomatic mitral valve (MV) disease. Real-world data have not yet been reported. This study aimed to assess procedural and 30-day outcomes of TMVI in a real-world patient cohort. METHOD AND RESULTS All consecutive patients undergoing implantation of a transapically delivered self-expanding valve at 26 European centres from January 2020 to April 2021 were included in this retrospective observational registry. Among 108 surgical high-risk patients included (43% female, mean age 75 ± 7 years, mean STS-PROM 7.2 ± 5.3%), 25% was treated for an off-label indication (e.g. previous MV intervention or surgery, mitral stenosis, mitral annular calcification). Patients were highly symptomatic (New York Heart Association [NYHA] functional class III/IV in 86%) and mitral regurgitation (MR) was graded 3+/4+ in 95% (38% primary, 37% secondary, and 25% mixed aetiology). Technical success rate was 96%, and MR reduction to ≤1+ was achieved in all patients with successful implantation. There were two procedural deaths and 30-day all-cause mortality was 12%. At early clinical follow-up, MR reduction was sustained and there were significant reductions of pulmonary pressure (systolic pulmonary artery pressure 52 vs. 42 mmHg, p < 0.001), and tricuspid regurgitation severity (p = 0.013). Heart failure symptoms improved significantly (73% in NYHA class I/II, p < 0.001). Procedural success rate according to MVARC criteria was 80% and was not different in patients treated for an off-label indication (74% vs. 81% for off- vs. on-label, p = 0.41). CONCLUSION In a real-world patient population, TMVI has a high technical and procedural success rate with efficient and durable MR reduction and symptomatic improvement

Eponges absorbantes hydrophobes pour la dépollution

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Eponges composites cellulose/NTC pour la dépollution des hydrocarbures

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Superior carbon nanotube stability by molecular filling:a single-chirality study at extreme pressures.

International audienceCarbon nanotubes have extraordinary mechanical properties, but modifications of their structure tend to weaken them. Here, we have studied by experiments and modelling the one-dimensional filling of single chirality (6,5) carbon nanotubes with iodine and water. We show that iodine-filling can enhance the pressure of radial collapse of these nanotubes by a factor 2 compared to the empty (6,5) tubes. For water filling, this enhancement factor reduces to 1.4. Our single-chirality study allows correlating the different Raman signatures of the radial collapsing process, which was not possible in samples with mixed chiralities. A clear spectroscopic signature of the collapse pressure can thus be given: it is the pressure at which the G-band frequency evolution with pressure softens while the radial breathing mode intensity vanishes. These new criteria for the detection of radial collapse allow correcting some existing discrepancies in the literature. Finally, we discuss the impact of molecular filling on the radial mechanical stability as a function of the tube diameter. It results that molecular filling allows for a superior stability effect than filling with tubes (i.e. multi-wall carbon nanotubes). The stability enhancement tends to grow with the tube diameter and depends strongly on the nature of the filling molecules

Dépôt de feuillets de graphène au sein d’éponges de carbone par électrophorèse

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Eponges de carbone pour la dépollution par absorption de solvants et d’hydrocarbures

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Eponges absorbantes pour la dépollution du pétrole et des huiles lourdes

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How can the EU Farm to Fork strategy deliver on its organic promises? Some critical reflections

The European Commission's Farm to Fork (F2F) Strategy sets ambitious targets to transform the whole food system towards greater sustainability, but we are critical about its strong focus on technical innovations while neglecting the social and structural aspects in transforming food systems. Also, the target of 25 per cent of EU's agricultural land under organic production by 2030 can only be reached if policy measures go beyond production to include processing and retail, and develop the demand side; otherwise, we could witness collapsing markets with strongly decreasing farm prices. An Organic Action Plan needs to include flexibility for implementation, accounting for the respective national situations; and specific objectives for each farming sector should be formulated. The strategy's call for a ‘shift to healthy, sustainable diets’ needs a comprehensive approach, involving all relevant stakeholders, such as processors, retailers and consumers to identify the most suitable leverage points and support changes in consumption patterns and habits. The Member States need to equip their AKIS accordingly and educate advisors, researchers, knowledge brokers and others for the required change in attitudes and practice. With a view to the necessary comprehensive transformation, the AKIS should be extended to a Food and Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation System

Eponges absorbantes pour la dépollution du pétrole et des huiles lourdes

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