3D-printed polyester-based prototypes for cosmetic applications—future directions at the forensic engineering of advanced polymeric materials

Knowledge of degradation and impairment phenomena of (bio)degradable polymeric materials under operating conditions, and thus the selection of test procedures and prediction of their behavior designates the scope and capabilities as well as possible limitations of both: the preparation of the final product and its durability. The main novelty and objective of this research was to determine the degradation pathways during testing of polylactide and polylactide/polyhydroxyalkanoate materials made with three-dimensional printing and the development of a new strategy for the comprehensive characterization of such complex systems including behavior during waste disposal. Prototype objects were subjected to tests for damage evolution performed under simulating operating conditions. The reference samples and the tested items were characterized by gel permeation chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry to determine changes in material properties. The studies showed that: polyhydroxyalkanoate component during accelerated aging and degradation in environments rich in microorganisms accelerated the degradation of the material; paraffin accelerates polylactide degradation and slows degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoate-based material; under the influence of an environment rich in enzymes, paraffin contamination accelerates biodegradation; under the influence of natural conditions, paraffin contamination slowed degradation; the processing conditions, in particular the printing orientation of individual parts of the container, influenced the material properties in its various regions, affecting the rate of degradation of individual parts.European Regional Development Fun

Cytological picture of the oral mucosa in patients with gastric and colon cancer

The incidence of malignant gastrointestinal cancers in Poland has been constantly growing, which hasled to an intensification of the search for new markers of the early clinical stage of this disease. The oral cavity,as the first part of the gastrointestinal tract, has a very important role. The oral cavity presents symptoms of bothtypically stomatological and systemic diseases. Oral cancers, benign or malignant, may originate and grow in anyof the tissues of the mouth, and within this small area they may be of varied clinical, histological and biologicalfeatures. These can be lesions typically observed in the oral cavity, but also characteristic of cases where thesymptoms occur both in the mouth and in other body parts. The aim of this study was to present a cytologicalpicture of the oral mucosa in patients with gastric and colon cancer and to compare the cytological picture withthat obtained from a group of patients with no cancer, using the Papanicolaou classification and the Bethesdasystem. The study was conducted in 126 patients treated surgically in the II General and GastroenterologicalSurgery Clinic between 2006 and 2008. All patients were divided into two groups based on the type of lesions. Inboth of the studied groups, more than half of the patients did not present any abnormalities in the mucosa of themouth, lips and cheeks in the physical examination. None of the patients had erosion, ulceration or lesionstypical of leukoplakia or lichen planus. No malignant cells were detected in either of the studied groups, andthere were no well-defined lesions found in the oral cavity that would distinguish the patients with gastrointestinalcancer. (The incidence of malignant gastrointestinal cancers in Poland has been constantly growing, which hasled to an intensification of the search for new markers of the early clinical stage of this disease. The oral cavity,as the first part of the gastrointestinal tract, has a very important role. The oral cavity presents symptoms of bothtypically stomatological and systemic diseases. Oral cancers, benign or malignant, may originate and grow in anyof the tissues of the mouth, and within this small area they may be of varied clinical, histological and biologicalfeatures. These can be lesions typically observed in the oral cavity, but also characteristic of cases where thesymptoms occur both in the mouth and in other body parts. The aim of this study was to present a cytologicalpicture of the oral mucosa in patients with gastric and colon cancer and to compare the cytological picture withthat obtained from a group of patients with no cancer, using the Papanicolaou classification and the Bethesdasystem. The study was conducted in 126 patients treated surgically in the II General and GastroenterologicalSurgery Clinic between 2006 and 2008. All patients were divided into two groups based on the type of lesions. Inboth of the studied groups, more than half of the patients did not present any abnormalities in the mucosa of themouth, lips and cheeks in the physical examination. None of the patients had erosion, ulceration or lesionstypical of leukoplakia or lichen planus. No malignant cells were detected in either of the studied groups, andthere were no well-defined lesions found in the oral cavity that would distinguish the patients with gastrointestinalcancer.

Cytological picture of the oral mucosa in patients with gastric and colon cancer

The incidence of malignant gastrointestinal cancers in Poland has been constantly growing, which has<br />led to an intensification of the search for new markers of the early clinical stage of this disease. The oral cavity,<br />as the first part of the gastrointestinal tract, has a very important role. The oral cavity presents symptoms of both<br />typically stomatological and systemic diseases. Oral cancers, benign or malignant, may originate and grow in any<br />of the tissues of the mouth, and within this small area they may be of varied clinical, histological and biological<br />features. These can be lesions typically observed in the oral cavity, but also characteristic of cases where the<br />symptoms occur both in the mouth and in other body parts. The aim of this study was to present a cytological<br />picture of the oral mucosa in patients with gastric and colon cancer and to compare the cytological picture with<br />that obtained from a group of patients with no cancer, using the Papanicolaou classification and the Bethesda<br />system. The study was conducted in 126 patients treated surgically in the II General and Gastroenterological<br />Surgery Clinic between 2006 and 2008. All patients were divided into two groups based on the type of lesions. In<br />both of the studied groups, more than half of the patients did not present any abnormalities in the mucosa of the<br />mouth, lips and cheeks in the physical examination. None of the patients had erosion, ulceration or lesions<br />typical of leukoplakia or lichen planus. No malignant cells were detected in either of the studied groups, and<br />there were no well-defined lesions found in the oral cavity that would distinguish the patients with gastrointestinal<br />cancer. (The incidence of malignant gastrointestinal cancers in Poland has been constantly growing, which has<br />led to an intensification of the search for new markers of the early clinical stage of this disease. The oral cavity,<br />as the first part of the gastrointestinal tract, has a very important role. The oral cavity presents symptoms of both<br />typically stomatological and systemic diseases. Oral cancers, benign or malignant, may originate and grow in any<br />of the tissues of the mouth, and within this small area they may be of varied clinical, histological and biological<br />features. These can be lesions typically observed in the oral cavity, but also characteristic of cases where the<br />symptoms occur both in the mouth and in other body parts. The aim of this study was to present a cytological<br />picture of the oral mucosa in patients with gastric and colon cancer and to compare the cytological picture with<br />that obtained from a group of patients with no cancer, using the Papanicolaou classification and the Bethesda<br />system. The study was conducted in 126 patients treated surgically in the II General and Gastroenterological<br />Surgery Clinic between 2006 and 2008. All patients were divided into two groups based on the type of lesions. In<br />both of the studied groups, more than half of the patients did not present any abnormalities in the mucosa of the<br />mouth, lips and cheeks in the physical examination. None of the patients had erosion, ulceration or lesions<br />typical of leukoplakia or lichen planus. No malignant cells were detected in either of the studied groups, and<br />there were no well-defined lesions found in the oral cavity that would distinguish the patients with gastrointestinal<br />cancer.