Phenylimino Indolinone:A Green-Light-Responsive T-Type Photoswitch Exhibiting Negative Photochromism

Imines are photoaddressable motifs useful in the development of new generations of molecular switches, but their operation with low-energy photons and control over isomer stability remain challenging. Based on a computational design, we developed phenylimino indolinone (PIO), a green-light-addressable T-type photoswitch showing negative photochromism. The isomerization behavior of this photoactuator of the iminothioindoxyl (ITI) class was studied using time-resolved spectroscopies on time scales from femtoseconds to the steady state and by quantum-chemical analyses. The understanding of the isomerization properties and substituent effects governing these photoswitches opens new avenues for the development of novel T-type visible-light-addressable photoactuators based on C=N bonds

Standing waves for acoustic levitation

Standing waves are the most popular method to achieve acoustic trapping. Particles with greater acoustic impedance than the propagation medium will be trapped at the pressure nodes of a standing wave. Acoustic trapping can be used to hold particles of various materials and sizes, without the need of a close-loop controlling system. Acoustic levitation is a helpful and versatile tool for biomaterials and chemistry, with applications in spectroscopy and lab-on-a-droplet procedures. In this chapter, multiple methods are presented to simulate the acoustic field generated by one or multiple emitters. From the acoustic field, models such as the Gor'kov potential or the Flux Integral are applied to calculate the force exerted on the levitated particles. The position and angle of the acoustic emitters play a fundamental role, thus we analyse commonly used configurations such as emitter and reflector, two opposed emitters, or arrangements using phased arrays

Planning of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) recycling facilities: MILP modelling and case study investigation

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) consist of many different substances some of which contain hazardous components and valuable materials. The recovery of WEEE plays a key role on environmental sustainability because it minimizes the negative effects of hazardous materials and helps the efficient use of world's limited resources. Recovery strategies enable companies to collect reusable components and to recycle the material content of WEEE by using operations like sorting, disassembly and bulk recycling. Usually companies associated with municipals collect WEEE from end-users and/or collection points. Then they sell these items to WEEE recycling facilities through bidding. For recycling facilities, it is important to generate the best operational level decisions to receive and handle WEEE. This study contributes to the fulfillment of this need by presenting a mixed integer linear programming model to determine the maximum bid price offer while determining the best operation planning strategies. In order to demonstrate the potential of the proposed model, a real life case study along with several scenarios is studied. The findings of the case study indicate that the model has the potential to enable the decision maker to come with stronger decisions related to both bidding process and operational strategies of the facility.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [111M428]The authors are indebted to the anonymous referees and the Editor for several suggestions, which substantially improved the paper. This research is partially funded by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the Grant Number 111M428. The authors wish to acknowledge this valuable support