Sensitivity and specificity of PCR on blood for diagnosis of HAT.

<p>Note. CI = confidence interval.</p

Classification of study participants according to reference standards for diagnosis, staging and follow-up (FU).

<p>At each follow-up time point, the number of patients attending is given. Patient groups reaching a final outcome of treatment failure during follow-up and excluded from analysis at subsequent time points, are indicated with an arrow.</p

Specificity and sensitivity of PCR on CSF during post-treatment follow-up.

<p>Note. CI = confidence interval.</p

History and clinical features on admission for VL during the low (Jan04–Aug05) and high case detection periods (Sep05–Dec06), Huddur centre, Bakool, Somalia.

<p>MUAC: Middle Upper Arm Circumference.</p

A five month follow up of an efficacy study for a <i>T. evansi</i> experimentally infected goat model, using the haematocrit centrifugation technique (HCT), after treatment with Diminazene, DB 75, DB 867 or DB 1192 at various compound doses.

<p>The results are depicted as negative (−) or positive (+) for motile trypanosomes observed in goat blood samples, along with goats, which died (<i>D</i>) or were removed from the project (<i>Rem</i>) during the study period.</p

A five month follow up of an efficacy study for a <i>T. evansi</i> experimentally infected goat model, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), after treatment with Diminazene, DB 75, DB 867 or DB 1192 at various compound doses.

<p>The results are depicted as negative (−) or positive (+) for the presence of parasite DNA in goat blood samples, along with goats, which died (<i>D</i>) or were removed from the project (<i>Rem</i>) during the study period.</p

A five month follow up of an efficacy study for a <i>T. evansi</i> experimentally infected goat model, using a card agglutination test (CATT/<i>T. evansi</i>), after treatment with Diminazene, DB 75, DB 867 or DB 1192 at various compound doses.

<p>Results are depicted as strongly positive (+++), intermediate (++), weak (+) or negative (−) for agglutination, when goat plasma was mixed with an antigenic reagent, along with goats, which died (<i>D</i>) or were removed from the project (<i>Rem</i>) during the study period.</p

Plasma profiles obtained for the standard drug and test compounds used in a <i>T. evansi</i> experimental goat model of infection.

<p>Drug plasma concentrations of a) diminazene at 5 mg/kg (purple), b) DB 1192 at 2.5 mg/kg (orange) and 1.25 mg/kg (green), c) DB 75 at 2.5 mg/kg (orange) and 1.25 mg/kg (green) and d) DB 867 at 2.5 mg/kg (orange) and 1.25 mg/kg (green) are depicted. Horizontal red line shows ten-times the IC₅₀ for that respective compound.</p

Age and sex of VL patients admitted in Huddur centre, Bakool, Somalia, 2004–2006.

<p>Age and sex of VL patients admitted in Huddur centre, Bakool, Somalia, 2004–2006.</p

Signs of acute toxicity investigated after the i.m. application of DB 75, DB 867 and DB 1192 in a multiple compound application (4×1 mg/kg) toxicity trial.

<p>The presence or absence of each sign is depicted as a (✓) or as a (x), respectively.</p><p>*<b>Signs of acute toxicity:</b> Hypo: <i>Hypotension</i>; Hyper: <i>Hypertension</i>; (L): <i>Lacrimation</i>; (S): <i>Salivation</i> (excess); (Tr): <i>Tremors</i>; (Ir): <i>Irritation</i>; (U): <i>Urination</i> (excess); (D): <i>Diarrhoea</i>.</p