3 research outputs found

    Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Genome-wide methylation profiling of ovarian cancer patient-derived xenografts treated with the demethylating agent decitabine identifies novel epigenetically regulated genes and pathways

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    a Clinicopathological features of transplanted HGSOC tumors. b Representation of patients and their corresponding PDX tumor samples used in this study. c All preprocessing of 450 K data of each sample. d DNA methylation level of each sample type according to HIL CpG classes [38] for PDX-36, -37, and -56 for all generation tumors (F0, F1, F2, and F3), p < 0.01. e Global distribution of 450 K methylation probes of the raw data of PDX-36, -37, and -56 for all generation tumors (F0, F1, F2, and F3). f Validation of global methylation using bisulfite pyrosequencing of ALU-Yb8 in PDX samples. Each bar represents average methylation (%) ± SD of five CpG sites for ALU-Yb8 in the indicated PDX samples. g Correlation heat map of PDX-36 biological replicates (n = 3) of generation F3 based on their genome-wide CpGs β values. Pearson correlation coefficients are shown in each heatmap box. (PDF 620 kb

    Antibody-Free LC-MS/MS Quantification of rhTRAIL in Human and Mouse Serum

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    The major challenge in targeted protein quantification by LC-MS/MS in serum lies in the complexity of the biological matrix with regard to the wide diversity of proteins and their extremely large dynamic concentration range. In this study, an LC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of the 60-kDa biopharmaceutical proteins recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand wild type (rhTRAIL<sup>WT</sup>) and its death receptor 4 (DR4)-specific variant rhTRAIL<sup>4C7</sup> in human and mouse serum. Selective enrichment of TRAIL was accomplished by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), which was followed by tryptic digestion of the enriched sample and quantification of a suitable signature peptide. For absolute quantification, <sup>15</sup>N-metabolically labeled internal standards of rhTRAIL<sup>WT</sup> and rhTRAIL<sup>4C7</sup> were used. Since the signature peptides that provided the highest sensitivity and allowed discrimination between rhTRAIL<sup>WT</sup> and rhTRAIL<sup>4C7</sup> contained methionine residues, we oxidized these quantitatively to their sulfoxides by the addition of 0.25% (w/w) hydrogen peroxide. The final method has a lower limit of quantification of 20 ng/mL (ca. 350 pM) and was fully validated according to current international guidelines for bioanalysis. To show the applicability of the LC-MS/MS method for pharmacokinetic studies, we quantified rhTRAIL<sup>WT</sup> and rhTRAIL<sup>4C7</sup> simultaneously in serum from mice injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg/kg for each protein. This is the first time that two variants of rhTRAIL differing by only a few amino acids have been analyzed simultaneously in serum, an approach that is not possible by conventional enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) analysis
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