751 research outputs found
Estimating the Economic Value of Narwhal and Beluga Hunts in Hudson Bay, Nunavut
Hunting of narwhal (Monodon monoceros) and beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) in Hudson Bay is an important activity, providing food and income in northern communities, yet few studies detail the economic aspects of these hunts. We outline the uses of narwhal and beluga and estimate the revenues, costs, and economic use value associated with the hunt on the basis of the harvests in 2007. We also explore the effects of cost sharing and inclusion of opportunity cost of labour on model outputs. For the communities participating in each hunt, the average economic use value was negative (-133 278) for narwhal. The corresponding per capita value estimates were -44 for narwhal. Including the effects of costEvaluation of a Technique to Trap Lemmings Under the Snow sharing with one other hunting activity in the model increased the economic use values to 321 500 for narwhal. Narwhals provide a higher value per whale, in addition to a higher per capita total economic value to the community, compared to belugas because resources are shared among fewer communities. However, the beluga hunt overall provides greater revenue because more belugas are harvested. In keeping with literature on other hunting activities in the Arctic, our results indicate that the value of whales to communities is largely due to their food value. Dans la baie dâHudson, la chasse au narval (Monodon monoceros) et au bĂ©luga (Delphinapterus leucas) reprĂ©sente une activitĂ© importante en ce sens quâelle est Ă la fois une source de nourriture et de revenu pour les collectivitĂ©s du Nord. Pourtant, peu dâĂ©tudes se penchent sur les aspects Ă©conomiques de cette activitĂ©. Nous faisons mention des utilitĂ©s du narval et du bĂ©luga, puis nous estimons les revenus, les coĂ»ts et la valeur utilitaire Ă©conomique liĂ©e Ă ces activitĂ©s de chasse en fonction des rĂ©coltes de 2007. De plus, nous explorons les effets du partage des coĂ»ts et de lâinclusion du coĂ»t de substiÂtution de la main-dâoeuvre Ă lâĂ©gard des sorties de modĂšles. Pour les collectivitĂ©s qui participent Ă chaque chasse, la valeur utilitaire Ă©conomique moyenne Ă©tait nĂ©gative (â9 399 ) dans le cas du narval. Les estimations correspondantes des valeurs par habitant Ă©taient de - 1 pour le narval. Lâinclusion des effets du partage des coĂ»ts avec une autre activitĂ© de chasse au modĂšle a pour effet dâaccroĂźtre la valeur utilitaire Ă©conomique Ă 266 504 pour le narval. Les narvals donnent une plus grande valeur par baleine, ainsi quâune valeur Ă©conomique totale plus Ă©levĂ©e par habitant pour la collectivitĂ©, comparativement aux bĂ©lugas car les ressources sont partagĂ©es entre un moins grand nombre de collectivitĂ©s. Cependant, dans son ensemble, la chasse au bĂ©luga procure un revenu plus Ă©levĂ© parce quâun plus grand nombre de bĂ©lugas est rĂ©coltĂ©. ConformĂ©ment Ă la documentation publiĂ©e sur dâautres activitĂ©s de chasse dans lâArctique, nos rĂ©sultats indiquent que pour les collectivitĂ©s, la valeur des baleines rĂ©side princiÂpalement dans leur valeur alimentaire
Retropharyngeal Abscess and Pottâs Disease Due to Tuberculosis: A Case Report
Introduction: Extrapulmonary mycobacterial infection can lead to vertebral spondylitis and osteomyelitis (Pottâs disease). Retropharyngeal abscess with concurrent spinal osteomyelitis is a rare presentation of tuberculosis in the US. Chart review on a patient was completed, and the relevant published literature was reviewed.
Case Presentation: A previously healthy 34-year-old male originally from Sudan presented to an outside hospital with a 2-month history of neck pain, sore throat, odynophagia, fevers, and chills. MRI showed a retropharyngeal abscess and suspected cervical spine osteomyelitis. Acid-fast bacillus (AFB) smear was positive from a neck drain specimen, but sputum was negative. Chest imaging did not show findings consistent with pulmonary tuberculosis. He was treated with rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol (RIPE) along with moxifloxacin and linezolid due to concern for possible multidrug resistant tuberculosis and transferred to our center for further care. Culture isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis. CT neck showed vertebral tuberculous osteomyelitis (Pottâs disease) of C1-C3 with a multiloculated retropharyngeal and prevertebral abscess (Figure 1). The patient was taken to the OR for posterior spinal fusion from occiput to C4 and transoral incision and drainage of the abscess. The post-operative course was uneventful, and moxifloxacin and linezolid were discontinued when Xpert MTB/RIF test revealed rifampin susceptibility. At follow-up the patientâs symptoms had resolved. Patient consent was obtained to utilize this case for educational purposes.
Conclusions: This report presents the multidisciplinary treatment of this patient requiring infection control measures and antibiotic therapy by infectious disease, posterior spine fusion by orthopedic surgery, and retropharyngeal abscess drainage by otolaryngology
Mechanics and Quantum Supermechanics of a Monopole Probe Including a Coulomb Potential
A supersymmetric Lagrangian used to study D-particle probes in a D6-brane
background is exactly soluble. We present an analysis of the classical and
quantum mechanics of this theory, including classical trajectories in the
bosonic theory, and the exact quantum spectrum and wavefunctions, including
both bound and unbound states.Comment: 34 pages with 4 black&white eps figures. v2: Reference corrected and
a reference added. Figure files are significantly smaller; colour figures are
included with the source (use \colorfigtrue). v3: Reference adde
Bostonia: 1993-1994, no. 2-3
Founded in 1900, Bostonia magazine is Boston University's main alumni publication, which covers alumni and student life, as well as university activities, events, and programs
Evaluating the impact of post-qualifying social work education.
Post-qualifying awards in social work are well established within the continuing professional development agenda for qualified social workers in the UK. The evaluation of education and training should be an integral part of this agenda because it is important to ensure that programmes continue to meet standards of delivery, are successful in meeting their aims and objectives and are making an impact on practice. However, there is limited amount of published work on the evaluation of post-qualifying social work education, with studies often focusing on programme delivery rather than on their impact on practice.
This paper explores evaluative work within the current post-qualifying social work framework, and discusses the results of an evaluation of the Vulnerable Adults and Community Care Practice programme, a specialist post-qualifying social work education programme run by a UK university, as an example of an evaluation of the impact on practice. The results indicate positive evidence of impact on practice and demonstrate examples of how the programme has had a direct effect on individuals, teams, organisations and on people who use services
Possible detection of two giant extrasolar planets orbiting the eclipsing polar UZ Fornacis
We present new high-speed, multi-observatory, multi-instrument photometry of
the eclipsing polar UZ For in order to measure precise mid-eclipse times with
the aim of detecting any orbital period variations. When combined with
published eclipse times and archival data spanning ~27 years, we detect
departures from a linear and quadratic trend of ~60 s. The departures are
strongly suggestive of two cyclic variations of 16(3) and 5.25(25) years. The
two favoured mechanisms to drive the periodicities are either two giant
extrasolar planets as companions to the binary (with minimum masses of
6.3(1.5)M(Jupiter) and 7.7(1.2)M(Jupiter)) or a magnetic cycle mechanism (e.g.
Applegate's mechanism) of the secondary star. Applegate's mechanism would
require the entire radiant energy output of the secondary and would therefore
seem to be the least likely of the two, barring any further refinements in the
effect of magnetic fieilds (e.g. those of Lanza et al.). The two planet model
can provide realistic solutions but it does not quite capture all of the
eclipse times measurements. A highly eccentric orbit for the outer planet would
fit the data nicely, but we find that such a solution would be unstable. It is
also possible that the periodicities are driven by some combination of both
mechanisms. Further observations of this system are encouraged.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2 table
Hypertension in Pregnancy Is a Risk Factor for Microalbuminuria Later in Life
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99687/1/jch12116.pd
Range-Wide Declines of Northern Spotted Owl Populations in the Pacific Northwest: A Meta-Analysis
The northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) inhabits older coniferous forests in the Pacific Northwest and has been at the center of forest management issues in this region. The immediate threats to this federally listed species include habitat loss and competition with barred owls (Strix varia), which invaded from eastern North America. We conducted a prospective meta-analysis to assess population trends and factors affecting those trends in northern spotted owls using 26 years of survey and capture-recapture data from 11 study areas across the owls\u27 geographic range to analyze demographic traits, rates of population change, and occupancy parameters for spotted owl territories. We found that northern spotted owl populations experienced significant declines of 6â9% annually on 6 study areas and 2â5% annually on 5 other study areas. Annual declines translated to â€35% of the populations remaining on 7 study areas since 1995. Barred owl presence on spotted owl territories was the primary factor negatively affecting apparent survival, recruitment, and ultimately, rates of population change. Analysis of spotted and barred owl detections in an occupancy framework corroborated the capture-recapture analyses with barred owl presence increasing territorial extinction and decreasing territorial colonization of spotted owls. While landscape habitat components reduced the effect of barred owls on these rates of decline, they did not reverse the negative trend. Our analyses indicated that northern spotted owl populations potentially face extirpation if the negative effects of barred owls are not ameliorated while maintaining northern spotted owl habitat across their range
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