The incidence and severity of poverty in New Zealand, 1990 -1991

This paper reports on the findings on the incidence and severity of poverty in New Zealand for one year, 1990-91. It is based on the methodology set out in a companion paper (Stephens, 1994a), and will link in with a third paper which will look at the changes in the incidence and severity of poverty between 1982 and 1993. The year was chosen as being reasonably neutral in relation to the likely impacts of policy on the poor, and provided an opportunity to sort out many of the statistical difficulties in the measurement of poverty. Reporting on the data for one year will allow the reader to gain an understanding of the many different ways that the poverty data can be presented. Whilst the researchers on the project have a preference for the 60 percent of median equivalent household expenditure as their poverty measure (Stephens, Frater and Ward, 1992), the problems, theoretical limitations and methodological shortcomings inherent in that measure are recognised (Stephens, 1994b). The presentation of information on eight, interrelated measures of poverty may sometimes confuse the reader with a welter of statistics. The information provides readers with additional information on the nature and extent of poverty, as well as permitting them to use their own measure of poverty

Poverty measurement and policy

The measurement of poverty is a contested academic exercise and a very controversial political issue. There is no single, accepted method of either conceptualising or measuring poverty. Each method of analysis results in identifying a different proportion of the population (as having an inadequate standard of living). This means that for different family, age or ethnic groupings, there may be a greater (or lesser) likelihood of being poor. Inevitably, the determination of who is poor has a major impact on the choice of policy measures to alleviate and ameliorate that poverty

The impact of housing expenditure on the incidence and severity of poverty in New Zealand

This paper represents a small part of a much larger project looking at the incidence and severity of poverty in New Zealand both for 1993, and for trends in poverty between 1984 and 1993. Eight interrelated measures of poverty have been developed, designed to show the level or incidence of poverty, who is poor as shown by a variety of different household characteristics, and the depth or severity of their poverty. Poverty measures can also be shown by tenure of dwelling and status of lanqlord, as well as before and after housing costs. When a time trend is taken, the data can provide a measure of the impact of policy change on poverty

Reviews

Review of Jurisdiction under the Industrial Relations Act 1973: Some Problems and Issues, Employment: Towards an Active Employment Policy, Labor in the American Economy, Strikes and Participation, Democracy in the Work Place

Reviews

Review of After the Freeze: New Zealand Unions in the Economy, Keeping Employees Informed, The Future of Work, Wage Indexation - a Study of Australian Wage Issues 1975 - 1980, How Labour Markets Work, Case Studies in Adjustment, Open Cut: The Working Class in an Australian Mining Town, Industrial Accidents and Nightwork in the Manufacturing Sector, The Behavioural Sciences and Industrial Relations: Some Problems of Integratio

Case studies of training advantage for remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island learners

[Extract] The case studies that follow are a compilation of learnings derived from the research project, Enhancing training advantage for remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander learners. The project, funded by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER), was conducted by a consortium of researchers from five institutions: TAFE SA, Batchelor Institute of Indigenous Tertiary Education, University of New England, James Cook University and the University of Notre Dame Australia. The research was conducted during 2016 with participants from five locations: the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands of South Australia, the Northern Territory, western New South Wales, the Kimberley region of Western Australia, and the Cape York and Torres Strait Island regions of Queensland. Based on training programs considered to be successful, the project was designed in order to gain an understanding of the dynamics of retention and completion towards employability. Nationally, for very remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander trainees, completion rates for VET courses are on average 16.6%, with an even lower figure for certificate I courses. Full details about the project and its cross-cutting findings, with a literature review and additional statistical information, are contained in the report, available from the NCVER Portalat . The case studies presented here mostly present qualitative findings

Enhancing training advantage for remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander learners

[Extract] Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in very remote parts of Australia are increasingly participating in vocational education and training (VET); however, completion rates remain low and employment outcomes are not improving. This project identifies how retention and completion can be improved and what other indicators of success are important outcomes of training in remote communities. Using a case study approach to investigate five unique training programs in remote areas of Australia, the report finds a that range of factors contribute to retention, including: - trainer qualities and characteristics of delivery - family, personal, community and cultural factors - training coordination and support - supportive relationships with other students - local community ownership of training - training that is connected to culture and local knowledge

Reviews

Reviews of Workers' participation in decisions within undertakings, Industrial democracy in Europe, European industrial relations, Australian Unions: an Industrial relations perspective, The history of the A.C.T.U., Tackling discrimination at the workplace: an analysis of sex discrimination in Britain, Brothers: male dominance and technological change, Microelectronics and office jobs: women's employment, Women at Work, Married to the job: wives' incorporation in men's work, The future of work, Safety at work and the unions, The system of industrial relations in New Zealand, and The economics of Australian labour market

Literacity: A multimedia adult literacy package combining NASA technology, recursive ID theory, and authentic instruction theory

An important part of NASA's mission involves the secondary application of its technologies in the public and private sectors. One current application under development is LiteraCity, a simulation-based instructional package for adults who do not have functional reading skills. Using fuzzy logic routines and other technologies developed by NASA's Information Systems Directorate and hypermedia sound, graphics, and animation technologies the project attempts to overcome the limited impact of adult literacy assessment and instruction by involving the adult in an interactive simulation of real-life literacy activities. The project uses a recursive instructional development model and authentic instruction theory. This paper describes one component of a project to design, develop, and produce a series of computer-based, multimedia instructional packages. The packages are being developed for use in adult literacy programs, particularly in correctional education centers. They use the concepts of authentic instruction and authentic assessment to guide development. All the packages to be developed are instructional simulations. The first is a simulation of 'finding a friend a job.