Caffeine does not inhibit postsynaptic NMDA-receptor mediated currents (I_NMDA).

<p>(A) NMDA (20 µM) was applied to neurons in whole-cell voltage clamp in the presence of glycine and TTX, and zero extracellular Mg²⁺. Individual traces from a representative recording of I_NMDA before (black), during (blue) and after (red) the addition of 20 mM caffeine. (B) Average peak I_NMDA for single applications of NMDA before, during, and after 20 mM caffeine application (120 second interval).</p

Caffeine reversibly decreases mEPSC amplitude.

<p>(A) Recording of mEPSCs in whole-cell voltage-clamp in the presence of TTX (1 µM). Caffeine (20 mM) caused a clear reversible decrease in mEPSC size. The fast rise and exponential fall of synaptic currents was clear throughout recording (insets). (B) Amplitude histograms of events in A 200 seconds immediately before caffeine (black) and during the last 200 seconds of caffeine application (blue). (C) Average mEPSC amplitudes for seven cells before (black), during (blue), and after (red) caffeine application. (D) Normalized average diary plots of mEPSC frequency (top) and amplitude (bottom), n = 7. Bin size = 10 seconds. Each point is normalized to the average of 200 seconds of data recorded before drug application.</p

Caffeine rapidly inhibits glutamate-activated currents.

<p>After control recording of I_glu (black), glutamate was applied simultaneously with 20 mM caffeine (I_caff; blue). Recovery is shown in red. Traces are averages of 5 consecutive applications of glutamate or glutamate plus caffeine (3 second interval). Inset: I_caff/I_glu plotted versus time for representative cell (black) to show time course of inhibition of I_glu by caffeine. Calculation was started 10 ms after start of glutamate application, shortly before peak of I_glu. Decay was fit to a single exponential (red curve). Steady-state inhibition of I_glu (dashed line) is 0.27 for this recording.</p

Caffeine inhibits postsynaptic glutamate-activated currents (I_glu).

<p>(A) Glutamate (1 mM) was applied to neurons in whole-cell voltage clamp in the presence of TTX. Individual traces from a representative recording of I_glu before (black), during (blue) and after (red) the addition of 20 mM (top) or 50 mM (bottom) caffeine. (B) Average peak I_glu for 5 consecutive applications of glutamate (3 second interval) before, during, and after 20 mM caffeine application. (C) Normalized peak (open circles) and steady-state (closed triangles) I_glu for 1.25, 5, 20, and 50 mM caffeine. Values normalized to average peak or steady-state I_glu before caffeine for each recording. Curves represent Equation 1.</p

Non-Parametric Combination for Analyses of Multi-Modal Imaging

Poster submitted to the 2013 Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM) conference in Seattle, 16-20 June

Bayesian Gaussian Processes for Coordinate-based Metaanalysis of Neuroimaging Reports

Poster submitted to the 2011 Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM) conference in in Quebec City, June 10-14

Faster permutation inference in neuroimaging

Poster submitted to the 2016 Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM) in Geneva, 26-30 June

Meta-analytic Functional Connectivity: Finding Brain Regions' Multi-way Interactions

Poster submitted to the 2010 Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM) conference in Barcelona

Network matrix vs. SSRT correlations from the 27-component analysis that survived a threshold of uncorrected <i>p</i><0.01.

*<p>indicated that the SSRT correlation survived a threshold of <i>p</i><0.05 (FDR corrected). R-values in bold indicate that the SSRT correlation survived the threshold of uncorrected <i>p</i><0.01.</p

The effects of spatial smoothing and z-transformation upon spatial-map-vs-SSRT correlations.

<p>The <i>negative</i> spatial-map-vs-SSRT correlation maps were thresholded at <i>p</i><0.05 (TFCE corrected for multiple comparisons across space, and for two-sided tests, but not corrected across multiple RSNs). <i>Non-Z-Map</i> indicates SSRT correlations on the spatial maps produced directly by dual-regression, and <i>Z-Map</i> indicates the correlations produced by the z-transformed version of these spatial maps. <i>No Smooth</i> indicates SSRT correlations based on the unsmoothed (i.e., only the 5-mm FWHM smoothing at the preprocessing stage) spatial maps, and <i>10-mm smooth</i> indicates the SSRT correlations based on the spatial maps additionally smoothed with a Gaussian kernel of FWHM 10 mm. The correlation maps were superimposed on their respective <i>group-mean</i> spatial maps obtained by Group-ICA and then on the MNI152 template. The <i>group-mean</i> spatial maps were provided here to show whether the significant regions lie within or outside the group-level RSNs. Red-yellow indicates significant regions in the <i>group-mean</i> spatial map, blue indicates significant spatial-map-vs-SSRT correlations that do not overlap with the group-mean map, and green indicates regions of overlap. The results were based on components corresponding to primary-medial (high eccentricity) visual networks, namely, component No. 14 from the 27-component analysis and component No. 54 from the 70-component analysis. The spatial-map-vs-SSRT correlations based on the z-transformed and 10-mm smoothed components were also shown though no significant voxel was observed. It can be seen that a greater number of significant voxels, if any, could be detected based on non-z-transformed and 10-mm smoothed spatial maps.</p