Exchange Bias in FeMn/M (M = FeNi, Gd, Tb) Films

AbstractMicrostructure and hysteretic properties of magnetic multilayers were studied for Fe50Mn50/M structures, where M = Fe19Ni81, Gd or Tb. Comparative analysis of the hysteresis loops measured for the temperature range 5÷350K showed that Gd is not involved in the interlayer exchange coupling with antiferromagnetic Fe50Mn50 layer, while in the case of Tb definite indications of such interaction were observed. It is assumed that a qualitative difference in the magnetic behavior of these rare earth layers can be caused by differences in their structural features

Arabidopsis SABRE and CLASP interact to stabilize cell division plane orientation and planar polarity

The orientation of cell division and the coordination of cell polarity within the plane of the tissue layer (planar polarity) contribute to shape diverse multicellular organisms. The root of Arabidopsis thaliana displays regularly oriented cell divisions, cell elongation and planar polarity providing a plant model system to study these processes. Here we report that the SABRE protein, which shares similarity with proteins of unknown function throughout eukaryotes, has important roles in orienting cell division and planar polarity. SABRE localizes at the plasma membrane, endomembranes, mitotic spindle and cell plate. SABRE stabilizes the orientation of CLASP-labelled preprophase band microtubules predicting the cell division plane, and of cortical microtubules driving cell elongation. During planar polarity establishment, sabre is epistatic to clasp at directing polar membrane domains of Rho-of-plant GTPases. Our findings mechanistically link SABRE to CLASP-dependent microtubule organization, shedding new light on the function of SABRE-related proteins in eukaryotes

Contribution of some immunological and metabolic factors to formation of piglets’ post-vaccination immunity

The role and responsibility of natural resistance factors, protein and lipid metabolism in the formation of piglets post-vaccination immunity against circovirus is researched. Blood was taken for tests before and on the 15th, 40th and 70th day after the vaccination. The sampled blood was analyzed to determine immunological and biochemical parameters. It was revealed that before vaccination, 31.46% of the studied samples have a positive reaction in ELISA; their number increases to 67.80–71.16% on the 40th and 70th days after vaccination.In the blood of piglets, especially on the 40th and 70th day after the vaccination, the total count of leukocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes increases by 1.21; 2.28 times and 1.48 times, but neutrophils reduced by 1.74 times along with the phagocytic properties activation. The anabolic directivity of protein metabolism is defined by the synthesis of globulin proteins. At the same time albumin-synthesizing activity in a liver decreased and “cytolysis reaction” of hepatocytes was detected. In the lipid profile of piglets’ blood, the content of LDL‑cholesterol increased by 1.44 times, while that of triglycerides decreased by 2.64 times. X‑ray spectral analysis revealed the correlation between the formation of post-vaccination immunity and two factors: the factor of the principal component (PC) 1, which is predominantly associated with indicators of natural resistance, and PC2, which is associated with metabolism indicators. The research results show that in order to increase the efficiency of formation of post-vaccination immunity in piglets, it is necessary to combine vaccination with hepatoprotective drugs

АСПЕКТЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ИНДОМЕТАЦИНА В МЕДИЦИНЕ И ФАРМАЦИИ

Indomethacin, a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), has been used in different spheres of medicine since the 1960s. It is successfully administered as an anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving medication in rheumatoid and other diseases. According to recent research, indomethacin may become a promising drug enhancing endogenous remyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis. Also, indomethacin affects cell proliferation and invasion, thus it is used to manage pancreatic cancer in patients with hyperglycemia. In addition, indomethacin can inhibit protein synthesis in colorectal carcinoma and other types of cancer cells. The article reviews modern indomethacin medications and the different dosage forms on the Russian pharmaceutical market. Indomethacin poor water solubility is one of the reasons for decreasing its biopharmaceutical characteristics. According to the conducted research, a prospective way to improve indomethacin solubility and bioavailability is the Solid Dispersion (SD) method. SDs are bi- or multicomponent systems consisting of the drug and the carrier. They are a highly dispersed solid phase of the drug or molecular-dispersed solid solutions with a partial formation of a variable composition complex and a carrier. The article provides a brief overview on different aspects of obtaining, investigating, and applying indomethacin SDs with various polymers.Синтезированный в шестидесятых годах прошлого столетия типичный представитель класса нестероидных противовоспалительных средств индометацин нашел широкое применение в различных областях медицины. Сочетание противовоспалительного и обезболивающего действия обусловило успешное применение индометацина при ревматических заболеваниях. Новейшие исследования выявили, что препарат может стать перспективным средством и в терапии ряда иных патологий. В статье приведен краткий обзор ассортимента современных препаратов и различных лекарственных форм индометацина на отечественном фармацевтическом рынке. Одним из факторов, снижающих биофармацевтические характеристики препаратов индометацина, является его малая растворимость в воде. Согласно результатам анализа литературных данных, одной из перспективных технологий, способных успешно увеличить растворимость и биодоступность индометацина, является метод получения его твердых дисперсий. Твердые дисперсии ― это би- или многокомпонентные системы из лекарственного вещества и носителя, представляющие собой высокодиспергированную твердую фазу лекарственного вещества или молекулярно-дисперсные твердые или жидкие растворы с частичным образованием комплексов переменного состава с материалом носителя. Представлен краткий обзор работ, посвященных различным аспектам получения, исследования и применения твердых дисперсий индометацина с разными полимерами-носителями

Роль кальций-pH-зависимых механизмов в патогенезе воспалительных заболеваний пародонта

Comparative investigation of dynamics of pH, concentration of calcium and inorganic phosphate in mixtured saliva during testing loads in patients with healthy periodontium, susceptible to caries and with combination of caries with inflammatory periodontal diseases was performed. Close dependency between dynamics of researched parameters was revealed during sugar and urea loads as well. Inorganic phosphate disgomeostasis, role in pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal diseases was showed.Проведено сравнительное исследование динамики рН, концентрации кальция и неорганического фосфата в смешанной слюне при тестовых нагрузках у лиц со здоровым пародонтом, кариесвоспримчивых и с сочетанием кариеса и воспалительных заболеваний пародонта. Выявлена тесная взаимосвязь динамики изучаемых параметров как при сахарной, так и при карбамидной нагрузках. Показана роль дисгомеостаза неорганического фосфата в патогенезе воспалительных заболеваний пародонта

Designing with biosignals: Challenges, opportunities, and future directions for integrating physiological signals in human-computer interaction

Biosensing technologies are a rapidly increasing presence in our daily lives. These sensor-based technologies measure physiological processes including heart rate, breathing, skin conductance, brain activity and more. Researchers are exploring biosensing from perspectives including: engineering, human-computer interaction, medicine, mental health, consumer products, and interactive art. These technologies can enhance our interactions allowing connection to our bodies and others around us across diverse application areas. However, designing with biosignals in Human-Computer Interaction presents new challenges pertaining to User Experience, Input/Output, interpretation of signals, representation, and ethics. There is an urgent need to build a scholarly community that includes the diverse perspectives of researchers, designers, industry practitioners and policymakers. The goal of this workshop is to leverage the knowledge of this community aiming to map out the research landscape of emerging challenges and opportunities, and to build a research agenda for future directions

Comparative analysis of MCNPX and GEANT4 codes for fast-neutron radiation treatment planning

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the MCNPX and GEANT4 simulation tools for the beam therapy fast neutron transport calculation problems. Groups of model experiments are described which compare the absorbed energy calculated values obtained on different types of phantoms and the rate of calculation for both simulation tools is assessed depending on the variation in the phantom and source parameters. The results of the studies can be used as the basis for the fast-neutron treatment radiation planning

Influence of propolis biologically active substances on blood biochemical parameters and morphometric indicators of intestines of store pigs

The results of research in some cases allow to judge the change in the functional activity of the studied organs after the use of the preparation. The obtained factual material significantly supplements the information about the biological properties of the propolis water-alcohol emulsion. In practical veterinary medicine, the results of research can be taken into account when prescribing propolis for therapeutic and preventive purposes. Thus, as a result of the study, it was found that the most characteristic histological changes in the structural components of the intestinal wall are observed in the ileum of young pigs and pigs of the experimental groups. The height of this intestine villi in young pigs of the experimental group is 280.97 ± 3.37 microns, and in the control group - 193.89 ± 2.66 microns (p< 0.001). In pigs treated with the preparation, the villi also have a higher height - 256.89 ± 1.62 microns compared to 163.96 ± 0.61 microns in the control group. In young pigs and pigs of the control groups, the shape of the ileum villi is finger-shaped or bottle-shaped, and in animals of the experimental groups their forms are more differentiated - bottle-shaped, leaf-shaped and dome-shaped. This will allow store pigs receiving propolis preparation to better absorb the nutrients of the diet and gain weight faster. The research results are of interest to researchers developing propolis preparations for oral use

Field Emission from As-Grown and Ion-Beam-Sharpened Diamond Particles Deposited on Silicon Tips

Ion-beam bombardment/milling was used for sharpening of diamond particles deposited on ends of silicon tips. Radii curvature of diamond coating down to about 20 nm have been formed in such a way. Field emission experiments with sharpened diamond coated emitters have shown that the ion beam treatment effects a considerable shift of current-voltage characteristics of in the lower voltage region

Development of Compositions and Production Technology for Gels with a Solid Dispersal of Nitrofural

Compositions of gels with solid dispersions of nitrofural at a concentration of 0.04% were screened. Studies of the organoleptic properties, identity, assay of active ingredient, pH, and release led to selection of four compositions. The shelf life was determined (two years) and the storage conditions for the gel compositions developed here were identified. The proposed production technology for gels with solid dispersals of nitrofural yielded stable compositions with an active ingredient concentration of 0.04%, providing higher levels of nitrofural release than the currently available 0.2% furacillin ointment due to greater solubility and a greater rate of dissolution of active ingredient. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature