The distribution of selected localized alien plant species in Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park

Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in.Prior to this study, the alien plant control program at Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park was hampered by the paucity and quality of alien plant distribution maps. A systematic program to map important localized alien plants was conducted 1983-1985 to determine the need and feasibility of controlling key alien plant species, establish a baseline for assessing the spread of these species, infer range expansions, locate all populations of a target species to assure thorough treatment, and assess the effectiveness of control programs. Thirty-six species were mapped, with emphasis given to localized alien plant species and those listed as target species in the 1982 Resources Management Plan (National Park Service 1982). The studies focused on Ainahou Ranch, Kilauea Crater, and the Coastal Lowlands west of the 1%9-1974 Mauna Ulu flows. The species distributions were mapped on topographic maps at 1:24,000, 1:12,000, or 1:6,000 scales, although most species are displayed in this report on smaller scale maps. In addition, species profiles are provided. These characterize importance to management, significance as a pest in native ecosystems, effective treatment methods, and history of management. There were two important findings from the distribution studies. Eleven species, previously not targeted for management, were identified from mapping efforts to be invasive and require control efforts. These are Formosan koa, slash pine, loquat, sisal, orange pittosporum, oleaster, English ivy, paperbark, blackwood acacia, kudzu, and guavasteen. The second finding is that five target species were found to be much more widespread than previously thought. These include silky oak, koa haole, fountain grass, Russian olive, and raspberry. This finding lead to an approach in which control efforts on widespread species were carried out only in intensive management units called Special Ecological Areas. Additional distribution mapping studies are recommended for widespread species.National Park Service Contract No. CA 8004 2 000

Ecological Studies of Hawaiian Metrosideros in a Successional Context

'Ohi'a (Metrosideros polymorpha) is the dominant rain forest tree species in Hawai'i. It has long impressed botanists for its morphological variability and ecological amplitude. The present study has documented differences in the distribution of Metrosideros polymorpha varieties in populations of 'ohi'a growing on adjacent young and old flows. Pubescent varieties are present on young volcanic substrates, but tend to be absent from older soils in the rain forest zone. The genetic basis for these varieties has been confirmed in a common garden experiment. The water relations of pioneer and older forest '6hi'a have been examined and shown to differ, so that the pioneer 'ohi'a tend to be able to maintain turgor at lower relative water contents than the glabrous varieties

Observations on the Genus Santalum (Santalaceae) in Hawaii

Some of the taxonomic problems of species of Santalum in Hawai'i are resolved by proposing one new taxon and two combinations. These are based on observations of the genus in the field, herbarium studies, and anatomical differences found

Research on ecotypes of Metrosideros

Western Region, National Park Servic

Haleakala National Park Crater District resources basic inventory: the vascular flora of Haleakala

Western Region, National Park Servic

Vegetative Anatomy of the Hawaiian Species of Santalum (Santalaceae)

Wood and foliar anatomy of the Hawaiian representatives of the genus Santalum are described. No consistent differences in wood anatomy between taxa were found; however, significant anatomical differences in foliar anatomy were observed. Characteristics of leaf anatomy that are of taxonomic value are the bottle-shaped adaxial epidermal cells of S. haleakalae, the papillate nature of the abaxial leaf surface in several taxa, and the presence of adaxial as well as abaxial stomata in S. ellipticum

Endangered 'Alala (Corvus Tropicus) captive propagation update

Western Region, National Park Servic

Distribution and vegetation anatomy of Hawaiian sandalwood

Western Region, National Park Service, Contract #CX8000 6 003

The distribution of Rubus species in the State of Hawaii

Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in.Two endemic and seven alien species of Rubus are established in Hawai'i, with one or more alien species on each of the major islands except Kaho'olawe and Ni'ihau. The alien species are all thorny, easily dispersed, and are considered capable of disrupting native ecosystems. Whereas the range of the native species are relatively static, most alien species are thought to be capable of further spread from their present distributions. Cultivars are freely imported for purchase by homeowners and gardeners; however, Hawai'i has no significant commercial production of any Rubus fruit.National Park Service Cooperative Agreement CA 8004 2 000

Report of the Kipahulu Bicentennial expedition

Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in.An expedition through Kipahulu Valley was organized to evaluate the frequenly implied negative environmental impact of the 1967 Kipahulu Valley Expedition. On the 1976 expedition four people trekked down through the valley from June 26 through 29, along the 1967 Expedition route, where possible. There is little evidence of the 1967 expedition remaining in the valley. The trails are difficult to locate and the campsites are recognizable only to those people who were on the expedition. There is no evidence of weeds being introduced into the valley along the 1967 trails. There is serious pig damage in the area between Basecamp 1 and Palikea.National Park Service contract no. CX8000 6 003