In thrombin stimulated human platelets Citalopram, Promethazine, Risperidone, and Ziprasidone, but not Diazepam, may exert their pharmacological effects also through intercalation in membrane phospholipids in a receptor-independent manner

Intercalation of drugs in the platelet membrane affects phospholipid-requiring enzymatic processes according to the drugs’ intercalation capability. We investigated effects of Promethazine, Citalopram, Ziprasidone, Risperidone, and Diazepam on phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and polyphosphoinositide (PPI) metabolism in thrombin-stimulated human platelets. We also examined effects of the drugs on monolayers of glycerophospholipids using the Langmuir technique. Diazepam did not influence PLA2 activity, had no effects on PPI cycle, and caused no change in mean molecular area of phospholipid monolayers. The remaining psychotropic drugs affected these parameters in different ways and levels of potency suggesting that they act by being intercalated between the molecules of adjacent membrane phospholipids, thus causing changes in substrate availability for phospholipid-hydrolyzing enzymes (PLA2 and Phospholipase C). We show that several psychotropic drugs can also have other cellular effects than receptor antagonism. These effects may be implicated in the psychotropic effects of the drugs and/or their side effects

MERTIS: Optics manufacturing and verification

The MERTIS reflective infrared optics can be beneficial implemented as diamond turned aluminium mirrors coated with a thin gold layer. The cutting processes allow the manufacturing of both, the optical surface and mechanical interfaces, in tight tolerances. This is one of the major advantages of metal optics and was consequently used for the MERTIS sensor head optics. This paper describes the entire process chain of the MERTIS spectrometer optics including the manufacturing methods for the mirrors and for the spherical grating, the coating with sputtered gold for infrared reflectivity as well as the alignment and the verification of the spectrometer optics