Elastic properties of isotropic materials.

<p>Elastic properties of isotropic materials.</p

Contact forces (N) obtained during the non-linear dynamic FE crash colliding test.

<p>The four points in the plot correspond to the time steps at 0.335s (a), 0.375s (b), 0.394s (c) and 0.425s (d) discussed in the text and in Figs <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0152663#pone.0152663.g008" target="_blank">8</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0152663#pone.0152663.g009" target="_blank">9</a>.</p

Density of tissues (ρ) and speed of sound (Vsound).

<p>Density of tissues (ρ) and speed of sound (Vsound).</p

Collision detection for RM₁ with the antagonist RM¹ in the Occlusal Fingerprint Analyser software (OFA) during maximum intercuspation contact.

<p>a) The RM¹ is transparent to show the collision (red areas) in the occlusal surface of the RM₁; the recorded power stroke pathway trajectory of the RM₁ (summarized by the two arrows) is subdivided into an incursive (black arrow = phase I) and an excursive (dashed arrow = phase II) vector. b) The mastication compass visualizes the spatial orientation of phase I and II. The length of the two arrows informs about the inclination angle (after [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0152663#pone.0152663.ref031" target="_blank">31</a>]).</p

Displacement of the RM¹.

<p>Displacement at a point (P), randomly selected in the occlusal surface of the RM¹, during the non-linear dynamic FE crash colliding test. Note that the x-axis corresponds to the mesiodistal direction, the y-axis to the buccolingual direction and the z-axis to the crown-root direction.</p

The trajectory of the power stroke.

<p>Trajectory (x-, y- and z-axes) obtained for the RM₁ during the chewing cycle (i.e., close + power stroke + open) in the OFA software scaled to the duration of the power stroke (t = 289 ms).</p

Digital models of the upper and lower first molars.

<p>a) Segmented model of lower right first molar (M₁, bottom) and upper right first molar (M¹, top). Section is through the mesio-distal axis of the teeth. b) FE mesh in distal view. PDL = periodontal ligament; EDJ = Enamel-dentine junction. B = buccal; D = distal; L = lingual; M = mesial.</p

Displacement of the RM₁.

<p>Displacement at a point (Q), randomly selected in the occlusal surface of the RM₁, during the non-linear dynamic FE crash colliding test. Note that the x-axis corresponds to the mesiodistal direction, the y-axis to the buccolingual direction and the z-axis to the crown-root direction.</p

Occlusal view of the oriented lower right first molar (RM₁).

<p>The tooth is aligned with the cervical plane parallel to the xy-plane of the Cartesian coordinate system, and the mesial side parallel to the y-axis. B = buccal; D = distal; L = lingual; M = mesial.</p

The maximum principal stress distribution observed in RM₁ dentine (left) and the maximum principal strain distribution observed in RM₁ PDL (right) at 0.335s, 0.375s, 0.394s and 0.425s.

<p>See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0152663#pone.0152663.g005" target="_blank">Fig 5</a> for the corresponding times during the power stroke.</p