Method for controlling the shift invariance of optical correlators

Holographic correlators can implement many correlations in parallel. For most systems shift invariance limits the number of correlation templates that can be stored in one correlator. This is because the output plane must be divided among the individual templates in the system. When the system is completely shift invariant, the correlation peak from one correlator can shift into an area that has been reserved for a different template; in this case a shifted version of one object might be mistaken for a well-centered version of a different object. We describe a technique for controlling the shift invariance of a correlator system by moving the holographic material away from the Fourier plane

The Assertion of Attorney Client Privilege by Counsel in Legal Malpractice Cases - Policy, Privilege and the Search for Truth in Cases Involving Implied Waivers

Waiver of attorney-client privilege frequently arises as an issue in legal malpractice cases. Discovery or privileged communications between client and counsel may show that attorneys other than the malpractice defendant played a substantial role in bringing about the client\u27s loss

Dark decay of holograms in photorefractive polymers

The decay of holograms stored in photorefractive polymer composites based on poly(N-vinyl-carbazole) with and without extrinsic deep traps is investigated. The photorefractive phase shift is identified as one of the key parameters determining the dark decay dynamics. This has important implications for all kinds of photorefractive imaging applications including holographic data storage. A trade off will be required between accepting a certain degree of hologram distortion due to two-beam coupling on the one hand and achieving high hologram stability during idle periods in the dark with the external field applied on the other

Market-Based Prediction Models as an Aid to Litigation Strategy and Settlement Negotiations

In his recent book, “Litigation is War,” Fredrick L. Whitmer suggests effective advocacy in litigation mirrors many tactics common in strategic military preparation. On a battlefield or in a courtroom, quantifying the likelihood of uncertainties that may hinder or facilitate a particular line of attack will provide an advantage to the party holding such information. Consider this scenario: you are a plaintiff bringing suit against a corporation for ten million dollars, your trial starts in two weeks, the corporation has offered to settle for one million dollars, but you believe that you deserve more; do you accept? There is no easy answer, but there is a question that any lawyer or client in that situation should reflect upon: How can I acquire the most accurate, cost-effective data about the viability and value of a particular case or cause of action? This article suggests a market designed to translate investments in various outcomes into predictions about the likelihood of various outcomes of a given situation. This article will identify some of the major unmet needs of litigants today. It will explain how prediction markets, a new method of collecting research used for predicting outcomes in a wide variety of areas, can be crafted to assist clients in their litigation strategy and settlement negotiations. Finally, it will provide a sample market based on the uncertainties of an actual case

Holographic recording of fast phenomena

We report on a holographic method for recording fast events whose speed is limited by the laser pulse duration if the recording material has sufficient sensitivity to reliably record a frame of the fast event with a single pulse. The method we describe uses the angular selectivity of thick holograms to resolve frames that are recorded with adjacent pulses. Two specially designed cavities are used to generate the signal and reference pulse trains. We experimentally demonstrate the system by recording laser induced shock waves with a temporal resolution of 5.9 ns, limited by the pulse width of the Q-switched Nd:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser used in the experiments

Storage Density of Shift-Multiplexed Holographic Memory

The storage density of shift-multiplexed holographic memory is calculated and compared with experimentally achieved densities by use of photorefractive and write-once materials. We consider holographic selectivity as well as the recording material s dynamic range (M /#) and required diffraction efficiencies in formulating the calculations of storage densities, thereby taking into account all major factors limiting the raw storage density achievable with shift-multiplexed holographic storage systems. We show that the M /# is the key factor in limiting storage densities rather than the recording material s thickness for organic materials in which the scatter is relatively high. A storage density of 100 bits m2 is experimentally demonstrated by use of a 1-mm-thick LiNbO3 crystal as the recording medium

Characterization of phenanthrenequinone-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) for holographic memory

The holographic recording characteristics of phenanthrenequinone- (PQ-) doped poly(methyl methacrylate) are investigated. The exposure sensitivity is characterized for single-hologram recording, and the M/# is measured for samples as thick as 3 mm. Optically induced birefringence is observed in this material