Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Accurate calculations of beyond-Voigt line-shape parameters from first principles for the He-perturb e d HD rovibrational lines: A comprehensive dataset in the HITRAN DPL format

International audienceWe report a comprehensive dataset of beyond-Voigt line-shape parameters (pressure broadening and shift coefficients, their speed-dependences, and the complex Dicke parameters) for all electric dipole and quadrupole transitions within the ground electronic state in He-perturbed HD that are present in the HITRAN database. The parameters are determined from generalized spectroscopic cross-sections which we obtain by solving ab initio quantum scattering problem using the close-coupling formulation and the state-of-the-art potential energy surface of the HD-He interaction. We parametrize the temperature dependence of the line-shape parameters with double-power-law representation (DPL), recommended for the HITRAN database. Comparison with the analogous results for the H-2-He system reveals a strong isotopologue dependence. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd

Accurate tests of QED with precision spectroscopy of molecular deuterium

International audienc

Ultrahigh finesse cavity-enhanced spectroscopy for accurate tests of quantum electrodynamics for molecules

International audienceWe report the most accurate, to the best of our knowledge, measurement of the position of the weak quadrupole S(2) 2–0 line in ${{\rm D}_2}$D2. The spectra were collected with a frequency-stabilized cavity ringdown spectrometer (FS-CRDS) with an ultrahigh finesse optical cavity (${\cal F} = 637 000$F=637000) and operating in the frequency-agile, rapid scanning spectroscopy (FARS) mode. Despite working in the Doppler-limited regime, we reached 40 kHz of statistical uncertainty and 161 kHz of absolute accuracy, achieving the highest accuracy for homonuclear isotopologues of molecular hydrogen. The accuracy of our measurement corresponds to the fifth significant digit of the leading term in quantum electrodynamics (QED) correction. We observe $2.3\sigma$2.3σ discrepancy with the recent theoretical value

Collisional line-shape effects in accurate He-perturbed H-2 spectra

International audienceWe investigate collisional line-shape effects that are present in highly accurate experimental spectra of the 3-0 S(1) and 2-0 Q(1) molecular hydrogen absorption lines perturbed by helium. We clearly distin-guish the influence of six different collisional effects (i.e.: collisional broadening and shift, their speed dependencies and the complex Dicke effect) on the shapes of H-2 lines. We demonstrate that only a very specific combination of these six contributions, determined from our ab initio calculations, gives unprece-dentedly good agreement with experimental spectra. If any of the six contributions is neglected, then the experiment-theory comparison deteriorates at least several times. We also analyze the influence of the centrifugal distortion on our ab initio calculations and we demonstrate that the inclusion of this effect slightly improves the agreement with the experimental spectra. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd

Confrontation of the molecular hydrogen spectra in the presence of noble gases with ab initio calculation

International audienceHydrogen molecule in its ground electronic state perturbed by the helium atom constitutes the simplest system of molecule perturbed by atom. This gives possibility to make a link between the experiment and the theory from the first principles, allowing to use ab initio calculations to make the physical interpretation of the experimental spectra.1 This also gives an opportunity to thoroughly study collisional line-shape effects on both experimental and theoretical ground.2We utilize highly accurate cavity ring-down spectroscopy1,2 to study the H2-He collisions and interactions.3 In contrast to most of the previous studies, we do not fit spectra with phenomenological line shapes, but directly superimpose theoretical profiles on the raw experimental spectra without fitting any of the line-shape parameters. Within this approach not only the shapes of experimental lines are reliably reproduced, but also the underlying physics of molecular collisions can be traced.Besides the analysis of the basic line-shape effects (such as relaxation or phase changes of the internal states of the molecule), we also analyse the more sophisticated ones such as speed-dependent effects or velocity-changing collisions (complex Dicke parameter)4,5, which are particularly pronounced for the H2-He system.3,6,7,8According to our knowledge, this is the first comparison of highly accurate experimental spectra with advanced ab initio models which includes the speed-dependent effects and velocity-changing collisions. It allows us to study quantum scattering for molecules as well as to validate ab initio quantum potentials in ranges very challenging for quantum chemistry method

Confrontation of the molecular hydrogen spectra in the presence of noble gases with ab initio calculation

International audienceHydrogen molecule in its ground electronic state perturbed by the helium atom constitutes the simplest system of molecule perturbed by atom. This gives possibility to make a link between the experiment and the theory from the first principles, allowing to use ab initio calculations to make the physical interpretation of the experimental spectra.1 This also gives an opportunity to thoroughly study collisional line-shape effects on both experimental and theoretical ground.2We utilize highly accurate cavity ring-down spectroscopy1,2 to study the H2-He collisions and interactions.3 In contrast to most of the previous studies, we do not fit spectra with phenomenological line shapes, but directly superimpose theoretical profiles on the raw experimental spectra without fitting any of the line-shape parameters. Within this approach not only the shapes of experimental lines are reliably reproduced, but also the underlying physics of molecular collisions can be traced.Besides the analysis of the basic line-shape effects (such as relaxation or phase changes of the internal states of the molecule), we also analyse the more sophisticated ones such as speed-dependent effects or velocity-changing collisions (complex Dicke parameter)4,5, which are particularly pronounced for the H2-He system.3,6,7,8According to our knowledge, this is the first comparison of highly accurate experimental spectra with advanced ab initio models which includes the speed-dependent effects and velocity-changing collisions. It allows us to study quantum scattering for molecules as well as to validate ab initio quantum potentials in ranges very challenging for quantum chemistry method

The ab initio dataset of H 2 -He line-shape parameters for the HITRAN database with the DPL temperature dependences

International audienc

The ab initio dataset of H 2 -He line-shape parameters for the HITRAN database with the DPL temperature dependences

International audienc

Clinical Course and Severity of COVID-19 in 940 Infants with and without Comorbidities Hospitalized in 2020 and 2021: The Results of the National Multicenter Database SARSTer-PED

This study aimed to analyze the differences in severity and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in infants hospitalized in Poland in 2021, when the dominance of variants of concern (VOCs) alpha and delta was reported, compared to 2020, when original (wild) SARS-CoV-2 was dominant (III–IV vs. I–II waves of the pandemic, respectively). In addition, the influence of the presence of comorbidities on the clinical course of COVID-19 in infants was studied. This multicenter study, based on the pediatric part of the national SARSTer database (SARSTer-PED), included 940 infants with COVID-19 diagnosed between March 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021, from 13 Polish inpatient centers. An electronic questionnaire, which addressed epidemiological and clinical data, was used. The number of hospitalized infants was significantly higher in 2021 than in 2020 (651 vs. 289, respectively). The analysis showed similar lengths of infant hospitalization in 2020 and 2021, but significantly more children were hospitalized for more than 7 days in 2020 (p p < 0.0001). Severe and critical conditions were significantly more common among children with comorbidities. More infants were hospitalized during the period of VOCs dominance, especially the delta variant, compared to the period of wild strain dominance, even though indications for hospitalization did not include asymptomatic patients during that period. The course of COVID-19 was mostly mild, characterized mainly by fever and respiratory symptoms. Comorbidities, particularly from the cardiovascular system and prematurity, were associated with a more severe course of the disease in infants