Factors influencing patient-reported quality of life in pretreatment orthognathic surgery patients

OBJECTIVE:   To investigate the relationship between condition-specific quality of life (QoL) and occlusal/skeletal traits of pretreatment orthognathic surgery patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS:   Patients referred for orthognathic surgery during the 2012-2014 period were asked to complete the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) at consultation. Patient demographics, indices of treatment need, occlusal traits, and cephalometric variables were also recorded. Bivariate analyses were carried out between the OQLQ scores and the clinical measurements. Significant variables were added to a multivariate regression model to determine the effect of these predictive factors on OQLQ. RESULTS:   One hundred and two patients were recruited. Initial analyses showed that gender and overjet were significantly associated with the overall OQLQ score. Being female increased the overall OQLQ score by 15.6 points when compared to males (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.4-23.8). Females also had significant associations in the social and awareness domains of the OQLQ. The magnitude of overjet away from normal values was associated with poorer overall QoL, with significant relationships in the esthetic and functional domains. The Index of Orthognathic Functional Treatment Need was significantly associated with the functional domain of OQLQ, with patients in category 5 scoring a mean of 10.0 points more than patients in category 4 (95% CI, 2.1-17.8). The Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need and other cephalometric variables were not associated with the OQLQ. CONCLUSIONS:   Females are more aware of their facial deformity and report a greater social detriment when compared to males. Patients with a higher orthognathic treatment need report greater functional disadvantage

Monkeypox Transmission and Pathogenesis in Prairie Dogs

During May and June 2003, the first cluster of human monkeypox cases in the United States was reported. Most patients with this febrile vesicular rash illness presumably acquired the infection from prairie dogs. Monkeypox virus was demonstrated by using polymerase chain reaction in two prairie dogs in which pathologic studies showed necrotizing bronchopneumonia, conjunctivitis, and tongue ulceration. Immunohistochemical assays for orthopoxviruses demonstrated abundant viral antigens in surface epithelial cells of lesions in conjunctiva and tongue, with less amounts in adjacent macrophages, fibroblasts, and connective tissues. Viral antigens in the lung were abundant in bronchial epithelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts. Virus isolation and electron microscopy demonstrated active viral replication in lungs and tongue. These findings indicate that both respiratory and direct mucocutaneous exposures are potentially important routes of transmission of monkeypox virus between rodents and to humans. Prairie dogs offer insights into transmission, pathogenesis, and new vaccine and treatment trials because they are susceptible to severe monkeypox infection

An overview of restocking and stock enhancement research and a focus on ecological understanding gained from stocking black bream in the Blackwood River

Oral presentatio

Climate Change and Recreational Fishing: implications of climate change for recreational fishers and the recreational fishing industry

This report is the first national perspective of the implications of climate change on recreational fisheries and the recreational fishing industry providing a platform for further discussion of the ecological impact on species and evaluation of adaptation and mitigation options.\ud \ud Highlighted that, with climate change will come increasing climate variability and stressors such as changing sea level, it is recognised that everything we can do to ensure resilience of fish populations is essential.\ud \ud Highlighted the need for monitoring to focus on data that can be used to better predict the future, especially in the areas of recruitment and recording species outside their normal range. These are areas where recreational fishers can play a role in data collection.\ud \ud Recognition of the need for greater flexibility and responsiveness in fisheries management and to move to a whole of stock management approach as climate change alters the dynamics and distribution of fish stocks.\ud \ud Recognition that understanding and mitigating the impacts of climate change on recreational fishing has some important human dimensions, such as understanding the choices fishers make in response to climate change and the flow‐on effects of these choices