Understanding the performance of the low energy neutrino factory: the dependence on baseline distance and stored-muon energy

Motivated by recent hints of large {\theta}13 from the T2K, MINOS and Double Chooz experiments, we study the physics reach of a Low Energy Neutrino Factory (LENF) and its dependence on the chosen baseline distance, L, and stored-muon energy, E_{\mu}, in order to ascertain the configuration of the optimal LENF. In particular, we study the performance of the LENF over a range of baseline distances from 1000 km to 4000 km and stored-muon energies from 4 GeV to 25 GeV, connecting the early studies of the LENF (1300 km, 4.5 GeV) to those of the conventional, high-energy neutrino factory design (4000 km and 7000 km, 25 GeV). Three different magnetized detector options are considered: a Totally-Active Scintillator Detector (TASD) and two models of a liquid-argon detector distinguished by optimistic and conservative performance estimates. In order to compare the sensitivity of each set-up, we compute the full {\delta}-dependent discovery contours for the determination of non-zero {\theta}13, CP-violating values of {\delta} and the mass hierarchy. In the case of large {\theta}13 with sin^2(2*{\theta}13) = (few)*10^{-3}, the LENF provides a strong discovery potential over the majority of the L-E_{\mu} parameter space and is a promising candidate for the future generation of long baseline experiments aimed at discovering CP-violation and the mass hierarchy, and at making a precise determination of the oscillation parameters.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure

USING DATA MINING TO DETECT ANOMALOUS PRODUCER BEHAVIOR: AN ANALYSIS OF SOYBEAN PRODUCTION AND THE FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE PROGRAM

The analysis was conducted on the USDA's Risk Management Agency insurance data and NRCS Land Resource Regions from 1994 - 2001 to assist RMA in improving program integrity. The objective is to develop a data-mining algorithm that identifies anomalous producers and counties within LRRs based upon the percentage of acres harvested.Risk and Uncertainty,

#Advocacy: Social Media Activism\u27s Power to Transform Law

Attorneys influence the actions of legislators, courts, and community leaders by working alongside social movements. Together, these advocates seek to challenge the status quo by setting precedent that will ensure equality and justice for all individuals. While social movements often use social media to convey their message or to gather support for their cause, many attorneys are unfamiliar with leveraging this powerful new technology. Social media platforms provide a low-cost, fast, and easy-to-use tool that effectively disseminates information and helps advocates garner support for their cause. However, some social change advocates, including lawyers and policymakers, are hesitant to get involved in social media activities. These advocates are missing unique and powerful opportunities to move their causes forward, and are perhaps doing so at their peil. Onlne activism has both ampliied the voices of marginalized individuals and shifted national conversations on important legal and social issues. This Article explores the role of social movements in cause-lawyering, and introduces advocates to social media\u27s role in creating meaningful legal change. This Article first discusses social movements and community activism in the context oflaw Then, this Article ilustrates the unique power of online advocacy (often referred to as #activism) to create legal and social reform. Finally, this Article concludes by proposing that attorneys should come to understand and embrace social media, as it has revolutionized how laws are created and enforced in all aspects of society

Children Seen but Not Heard

Children are expected to abide by the will of their parents. In the last 200 years, American jurisprudence has given parents the ability to control their children’s upbringing with few exceptions. The principle governing this norm is that parents know best and will use their better knowledge to protect their children’s welfare. The COVID-19 pandemic, public school rules, and children’s privacy laws offer modern examples of regulations in which the interests of parents and children may not align. Minors may want access to vaccines, despite a parent’s refusal to sign a consent form. Minors may want to talk to their teachers about their sexual orientation, despite laws limiting discussions about gender and sexuality in public schools. Minors may want to privately explore the internet, despite young people having no legally recognized expectation of privacy from their parents. This Article offers a comprehensive legal analysis of how parent, child, and state rights collide in the modern era. This Article examines how COVID-19 vaccine decisions, recent parental rights legislation, and attention on children’s online safety have illuminated young people’s lack of independent rights. It argues that young people have a right to grow and thrive as individuals, even when doing so may exist outside of the shade of their parents’ long-held values and beliefs

Joint Tenancy and Estate Planning

In many states both lawyers and laymen advise taking of title to property in joint tenancy without sufficient knowledge of the legal incidents of this ancient common law estate. Due to the increasing use of this form of ownership, lawyers must learn both the advantages and disadvantages of joint tenancies. Since joint tenancy involves the element of survivorship, the taking of title to property in this form is usually a conscious act of estate planning. To the knowledgeable estate planner, however, joint tenancies are more often bothersome than useful. The planner is often faced with the problem of eliminating or otherwise allowing for survivorship property. There are few cases which justify the use of joint tenancy as a positive device of estate planning

#Advocacy: Social Media Activism\u27s Power to Transform Law

Attorneys influence the actions of legislators, courts, and community leaders by working alongside social movements. Together, these advocates seek to challenge the status quo by setting precedent that will ensure equality and justice for all individuals. While social movements often use social media to convey their message or to gather support for their cause, many attorneys are unfamiliar with leveraging this powerful new technology. Social media platforms provide a low-cost, fast, and easy-to-use tool that effectively disseminates information and helps advocates garner support for their cause. However, some social change advocates, including lawyers and policymakers, are hesitant to get involved in social media activities. These advocates are missing unique and powerful opportunities to move their causes forward, and are perhaps doing so at their peil. Onlne activism has both ampliied the voices of marginalized individuals and shifted national conversations on important legal and social issues. This Article explores the role of social movements in cause-lawyering, and introduces advocates to social media\u27s role in creating meaningful legal change. This Article first discusses social movements and community activism in the context of law Then, this Article illustrates the unique power of online advocacy (often referred to as #activism) to create legal and social reform. Finally, this Article concludes by proposing that attorneys should come to understand and embrace social media, as it has revolutionized how laws are created and enforced in all aspects of society

Diversity of rangeland bird populations

Most discussion and management of biological diversity occurs at the local population level, which can be defined as that group of organisms of one species that live in a specific area and that tend to interact more frequently with each other than with individuals from other populations. Loss of diversity always occurs first with the extinction of local populations, and, if the process continues long enough, will ultimately lead to extinction at the regional and global scales. Among animals, most changes in the biological diversity of western rangelands have involved local extinctions, and I summarize the general factors that determine whether a population will either persist through time or decline in numbers to local extinction. These include not only events that directly impact local birth and death rates, but also the ability of individual to move between populations. I then discuss the changes that have occurred in the diversity of the bird community in a riparian area along the Lower Truckee River in west-central Nevada that was studied by Ridgeway in 1868 and over a century later by Klebenow and Oakleaf in 1972-76. A comparison of the species that were located in each study indicates that nearly half of the avian diversity that was originally present in this habitat has now disappeared. An analysis of the birds that are now locally extinct suggests four changes in the environment have been important: (1) loss of the total amount of habitat or subhabitats, such as marshy areas near the river; (2) loss of specific resources within the habitat, such as many native fish; (3) changes in the structure of the remaining habitat, such as a loss of ground cover needed by ground-nesting species to protect their young from predators; and (4) loss of connectivity between remaining habitat patches. Restoration of local biological diversity in riparian habitats, for both birds and other animals, will require management actions to address each of these factors