Genetic diversity among Geotrichum candidum strains from various substrates studied using RAM and RAPD-PCR.

International audienceAssessment of genetic diversity within the species Geotrichum candidum and development of tools to trace the strains that play an important role in the agro food industry

Safety assessment of dairy microorganisms: Geotrichum candidum☆

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Relationships between Exposure to Bioaerosols, Moldy Surface and Symptoms in French Mold- Damaged Homes

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Interest of the qPCR method calibrated with flow cytometry to quantify Aspergillus versicolor in mold-damaged homes and comparison with the cultural approach

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Development of primers for detecting dominant yeasts in smear-ripened cheeses

International audiencePCR primers were developed for the specific detection of Clavispora lusitaniae, Debaryomyces hansenii var hansenii, Geotrichum candidum, Kluyveromyces lactis and K. marxianus and Yarrowia lipolytica, yeast species commonly found on the surface of smear cheese. Forty eight representative strains frequently found in smear cheeses or taxonomically related to the target yeasts were used as templates, to validate the designed primers. The specific and selective detection of these yeasts was effective in situ, in Livarot smear, without yeast isolation and culture and was comparable with data obtained with a conventional method. The primers described here have thus potential for PCR studies applied to cheese. It should also be possible to use some of these primers with other substrates

Intra-species chromosome-length polymorphism in Geotrichum candidum revealed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis.

International audienceGeotrichum candidum is an ascomycetous anamorph yeast-like fungus found in various habitats. It is a component of the natural flora of milk and is used as a maturing agent for both soft and hard cheeses. This microorganism displays phenotypic variability and may act as an opportunist pathogen, causing geotrichosis. Cytological analysis of G. candidum strain ATCC 204307 showed this strain to have eight chromosomes. We prepared chromosomal DNA from 13 strains of G. candidum differing in habitat and morphotype. We used pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in two sets of conditions to determine the size of the chromosomal DNA molecules. The strains investigated had five to eight chromosomes, 0.6 to 4.5 Mb in size. We estimated genome size in these 13 strains to be between 11 and 19 Mb. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles showed a high degree of polymorphism, indicating considerable variability between strains. Genome size and the presence of large chromosomes appeared to be correlated with morphotype. Strains with a mold-like or intermediate morphotype tended to have larger genomes than strains with a yeast-like morphotype did

Suivi de la qualité de l’air dans un centre de lutte contre le cancer : évaluation et caractérisation de l’exposition aux contaminants fongiques (Biohospitalair)

National audienceContexte. La qualité de l’air dans un établissement de soins est une préoccupation importante en termes de santé publique, en particulier chez les patients immunodéprimés qui peuvent être exposés à des contaminants d’origine microbiologique tels que les moisissures, les endotoxines, les (1,3)-ß-D-glucanes et les mycotoxines. Méthodes. Le projet Biohospitalair, soutenu par l’Ademe (Agence de l’environnement et de la maîtrise de l’énergie), a consisté, durant deux ans, à prélever mensuellement et à caractériser des bioaérosols et des isolats fongiques collectés dans un centre de lutte contre le cancer (centre F. Baclesse), dans des zones ne possédant pas de traitement d’air spécifique. Résultats. Parmi plus de cent espèces fongiques différentes identifiées, certaines peuvent être retenues en raison de leur fréquence, de leur concentration et/ou de leur capacité à produire in vitro des mycotoxines : Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus melleus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus versicolor, Cladosporium herbarum, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Penicillium brevicompactum. D’un point de vue quantitatif, les niveaux moyens en particules fongiques viables restent inférieurs à 30 CFU/m3 d’air et sont corrélés au nombre de particules totales de 0,30 à 20 µm. Cette étude met également en évidence des variations saisonnières avec l’apparition de pics de particules fongiques en été et en automne. De plus, l’analyse statistique révèle que l’humidité relative est une variable explicative du nombre de CFU/m3 d’air, ce qui pourrait faire de ce paramètre un indicateur de contamination fongique pertinent

Assessment of multi-contaminant exposure in a cancer treatment center: a 2-year monitoring of molds, mycotoxins, endotoxins, and glucans in bioaerosols

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Assessment of multi-contaminant exposure in a cancer treatment center: a 2-year monitoring of molds, mycotoxins, endotoxins, and glucans in bioaerosols

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