Assessment of the income situation of households in the Czech Republic

The paper deals with the assessment of income situation of households in the Czech Republic. The primary source for the analysis were the data of the survey EU-SILC European Union – Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. The basic variable for the analysis is the level of the household income in 2005–2008. In addition to the decile classification, characteristics such as the average income per one household member, poverty threshold, poverty depth coefficient, Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient. were calculated in order to evaluate the income situation. The results show an increase of the average household income. The Lorenz curve followed by the Gini coefficient demonstrate the uniformity of distribution of income values. The results show a decreasing income differentiation. The poverty threshold was defined on the level of 60% of the median value and with this given threshold, the households were assessed, whether they belong to the ones at the risk of poverty. The results reveal a decreasing number of households at the risk of poverty. The poverty depth coefficient has a stronger explanatory power and shows how far below the poverty threshold the households are, or what is an income deficit of these households. Each category of households at the risk of poverty varies with the depth of poverty. The analysis also provides the results of how the households’ income situation or poverty is perceived by the households themselves.income differentiation of households, households at risk of poverty, material deprivation, perception of the income situation, EU SILC

Income differentiation of households in various regions of the Czech Republic

The paper deals with income differentiation of households in different regions of the Czech Republic. Actual analysis are based on previous considerations about the origins and dynamics of income disparities in the Czech republic, about the method used to definethe group of respondents, the characteristics of a file with an emphasis on the income variable, the share of social transfers in disposable income, indicators of inequality and poverty assessment of vulnerable households. The primary data sourceare the survey results European Union – Statistics onIncome and Living Conditions in 2005 and 2008. This investigation has become obligatory for the Czech Republic after joining the European Union since 2005. The investigation provides long-term comparative data on income and social situation of households. According to common methodology applied within other EU countries results are compare even between EU member states. To achieve the objectives there will be used following methods: descriptive statistics on the characteristics of income (disposable income of households, the share of social transfers in household disposable income, net cash income of households, average income, revenue deficits). For monitoring the level of income inequality and deepness of poverty will be used Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve. Mentioned characteristics will be compared within the regions of the Czech Republic and the trend will be formulated for the period 2005 - 2008.Household income is one of the decisive factors determining the style of family life, their priorities, to meet their needs, and eisure-time activities. Differences between regions determine preferences and identify opportunities.poverty, poverty line, at-risk-of poverty, income situation of households, income situation of population

A Prospective Regional-level Analysis of Household Income Situation

Purpose of the article: The paper deals with issue of evaluation of population’s income situation when selected segmentation criteria have been applied. Methodology/methods: Data for the analysis was gained from a national module of the EU-SILC project. Period chosen was year 2008 which is considered a milestone in the national economic development. The basic variable in calculations was the income level of household. The average monthly income per household member was obtained by dividing the reported disposable household income by number of household members. The number of households at risk of income poverty and the depth of poverty indicators were calculated. Subsequently a quantile analysis was performed and Gini coefficients were calculated. The criterion used was the geographical division of the Czech Republic to regions according to the Standardized classification of territorial units (CZ-NUTS). Region analyzed was Zlín Region. Scientific aim: The aim was to propose a methodological procedure for carrying out the income situation evaluation. The procedure should enable a derived research on income situation and represent a tool that could support creation and direction of the social policy. Findings: Findings of the regional analysis were the lag of disposable income in the region behind the national average, more than twice the share of households at risk of income poverty and uneven representation in income quintiles (in favor of the lowest quintile). The value of the Gini coefficient for the region was 0,210, which indicated a slightly more balanced diversification of incomes compared to the national average (Gini 0,228). Conclusions: The lower value of the Gini coefficient indicated a relatively higher potential of stability of the region. However, summarizing the results authors concluded that long-term structural problems of the region were identifiable and negatively reflected in the income situation of its inhabitants

Income differentiation of households in the CR

The Czech Republic has recently experienced phases of economic growth and periods of economic crisis, this fact affects the standard of living and household behaviour and affects the formation of life-style. This paper deals with the income situation of households. The main source of data is EU SILC survey from the years 2005 to 2008. The result of the enquiry and processing of primary data is information about the average income per household member, the poverty level and the number of households at risk of poverty. For the formulation of income differentiation is used Gini coefficient. Attention is paid to factors that affect income inequality (the number of household members, social group, age). Information, about the income situation of households, is amended by following indicators of material deprivation. The paper also analyses the impact of social transfers on income inequality. The analysis and subsequent solving of the problem of income inequality may be contributed with further analysis of empirical data of this type.income differentiation of households, poverty level, material deprivation, social transfers

Material Deprivation in Selected EU Countries According to EU-SILC Income Statistics

The article deals with issues of households at risk of poverty in relative conception. Income poverty means a situation when the threshold of 0.6 of median income is not achieved. The analysis of a broader definition of poverty is based on identification and assessment of material deprivation factors, including: financial stress, housing conditions, availability of consumer durables and basic needs. Data sources are based EU-SILC dataset. Presented analysis is focused on selected EU countries, namely Czech Republic, Finland, France, Spain and United Kingdom. The result identifies the problem areas that cause deprivation symptoms

A comparison of Living Standards Indicators

The paper is a comparison of living standards indicators as a measure of the prevailing situation for the citizens of selected EU countries. The indicators used for comparison were representative of economic, social and environmental influence factors. The indicators were compared by means of meta-analysis, comprising a selection of all 11 chosen indexes (with a set of calculated indicators) and living-standards focused studies. The selected methodology for the meta-analysis is a weighted multiple linear regression. The results of the meta-analysis point to those studies whose indexes show a positive effect and indexes which show a negative effect as regards living standards.O

Changes in the intensity and impact of factors influencing consumer behaviour in the food market over time

The paper aims to identify the changes and intensity of the factors influencing consumers’ purchasing decision-making process in the food market. The research offers a unique comparison of the situation between the years 2007 and 2022 and reveals the emerging factors affecting consumer decisions. The authors conducted a representative questionnaire survey (N = 686) to determine the influence of individual factors. The data were processed using factoranalysis, which allowed for the reduction of the number of factors (20) to four determinants covering 61% of the total variability in the dataset. The determinants of consumer purchasing decisions include traditional promotional elements, product parameters, newly formed factors based on sustainability and health awareness trends, and price discounts. Consumer behaviour appears to be influenced by a wide range of short- and long-term factors, and it is necessary to look at it comprehensively over a longer time horizon, taking current trends into account

Competitiveness of Individuals in the Labour Market During the Pandemic

The global COVID-19 pandemic has changed the behaviour of individuals and companies. This study aims to determine changes in the labour market behaviour of economically active individuals in the context of the pandemic and to identify competitive segments in this period. For this purpose, a representative survey (n = 3079) conducted in the Czech Republic was used. The paper's contribution is a perspective of individuals' behaviour and their perception of the situation. Based on subjective perceptions, respondents provided an assessment of their living situation before and during the pandemic, expressing their opinion on the importance of selected aspects of quality of life, such as their health, active social contacts, creation of financial savings, ability to pay bills, leisure time and coping with stressful situations. The results of a Wilcoxon test showed that individuals re-evaluated each aspect of life and that the pandemic changed the importance for all of them (except leisure time). This change is also reflected in their psyche, attitude towards work organisation, digitalisation and other factors; these were applied in a cluster analysis, which resulted in the identification of three segments in the group of employees in the labour market (competitive individuals, surviving individuals and those reluctant to respond to change). For the group of entrepreneurs, two segments emerged (flexible and loss-creating), while for the unemployed group, the typical segment can be described as dissatisfied and Covid victims. The names of these segments indicate their behaviour and provide possibilities for future use.O