88 research outputs found
āļāļĨāļāļāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļāđāļāđāļāļĢāļĻāļąāļāļāđāļĄāļ·āļāļāļ·āļāļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļāļāļāļēāļāļĒāļēāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŠāļĩāđāļĒāļāļŠāļđāļāđāļāļĩāļĒāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĄāļ·āļ Effects of A Mobile Phone Application in Examining Dosage of High Alert Drugs Compared with Manual Calculation
āļāļāļāļąāļāļĒāđāļ
āļ§āļąāļāļāļļāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļāļāđ: āđāļāļ·āđāļāđāļāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļāļ°āđāļāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāđāļĨāļ°āđāļ§āļĨāļēāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļāļāļāļēāļāļĒāļēāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŠāļĩāđāļĒāļāļŠāļđāļāđāļāđāļāļŠāļąāđāļāļĒāļēāļŠāļĄāļĄāļāļīāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļāļāļāđāļāļĢāļĻāļąāļāļāđāļĄāļ·āļāļāļ·āļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĄāļ·āļ āļ§āļīāļāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē: āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāđāļāļ cross-over design āļāļĩāđāļĄāļĩ two-period (āļāđāļāļāđāļĨāļ°āļŦāļĨāļąāļ washout period), two-sequence (āđāļāđāđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļĄāļāđāļ§āļĒāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĄāļ·āļ āļāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĄāļ·āļāļāļēāļĄāļāđāļ§āļĒāđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļ), two-method (āļ§āļīāļāļĩāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļāđāļĨāļ°āļ§āļīāļāļĩāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĄāļ·āļ) āļāļĨāļļāđāļĄāļāļąāļ§āļāļĒāđāļēāļāđāļāđāļāđāļ āļŠāļąāļāļāļĢ 31 āļāļ āļāļĩāđāļāļģāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļĢāļāļāļĒāļēāļāļēāļĨāļāļąāđāļ§āđāļāđāļĨāļ°āđāļĢāļāļāļĒāļēāļāļēāļĨāļĻāļđāļāļĒāđ 5 āđāļŦāđāļ āļāļģāđāļāļīāļāļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāđāļāļāđāļ§āļāļāļąāļāļ§āļēāļāļĄ āļ.āļĻ. 2558 āļāļķāļāļĄāļĩāļāļēāļāļĄ āļ.āļĻ. 2559 āđāļāļĒāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāđāļāļĢāļĻāļąāļāļāđāļĄāļ·āļāļāļ·āļāļĢāļ°āļāļāđāļāļāļāļĢāļāļĒāļāđ āđāļāļĒāđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļāđāļŠāļāļāļāļąāđāļāļāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāļĒāđāļēāļāļĨāļ°āđāļāļĩāļĒāļ āđāļĨāđāļ§āļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļģāļŠāļąāđāļāđāļāđāļĒāļēāđāļāđāļāļŠāļąāđāļāļĒāļēāļŠāļĄāļĄāļāļīāļāļĢāđāļāļĄāļāļģāļāļēāļĄāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāđāļāļŠāļąāđāļāļĒāļēāđāļŦāđāđāļ āļŠāļąāļāļāļĢāļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļāļāļāļēāļāļĒāļēāļ§āđāļēāđāļŦāļĄāļēāļ°āļŠāļĄāļŦāļĢāļ·āļāđāļĄāđ āđāļāļĒāļāļāļŠāļāļāļĒāļēāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŠāļĩāđāļĒāļāļŠāļđāļ 6 āļāļāļīāļ āļāļ·āļ dobutamine, dopamine, potassium chloride, nicardipine, nitroglycerine āđāļĨāļ° norepinephrine āđāļāļĒāđāļŠāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļ§āļāđāļāđāļ (1) āļāļąāļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāđāļŦāđāļĒāļē (ml/hr) (2) āļāļāļēāļāļĒāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļđāđāļāđāļ§āļĒāļāļ§āļĢāđāļāđāļĢāļąāļ (Âĩg/kg/min) āđāļĨāļ° (3) āļāļāļēāļāļĒāļēāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļāļąāļāļāļđāđāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĢāļēāļĒāļāļąāđāļ āđ (mg) āđāļāļĒāđāļāđāđāļāļŠāļąāđāļāļĒāļē 7 āđāļāļāļĩāđāļĄāļĩāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļĒāļēāļāļāđāļēāļĒāđāļāļĨāđāđāļāļĩāļĒāļāļāļąāļāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāđāļāđāļĨāļ°āļ§āļīāļāļĩāļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļāļāļāļēāļāļĒāļē āđāļŦāđāđāļ āļŠāļąāļāļāļĢāļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļāļāļāļēāļāļĒāļēāļāļąāđāļ 7 āđāļāđāļĨāđāļ§āļāļąāļāđāļ§āļĨāļēāđāļĨāļ°āđāļŦāđāļāļ°āđāļāļāļāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļ āđāļāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāđāļāļĩāļĒāļāļāļ°āđāļāļāļāļĩāđāļāļģāđāļāđāļāļđāļāļāđāļāļ (āđāļāđāļĄ 7 āļāļ°āđāļāļ) āđāļĨāļ°āđāļ§āļĨāļēāđāļāđāļāļ§āļīāļāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļĒ ANOVA āļāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē: āļāļ°āđāļāļāļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļāļāļāļēāļāļĒāļēāļŠāđāļ§āļāļĄāļēāļāļĄāļĩāļāđāļē 6 āļāļ°āđāļāļāļāļķāđāļāđāļ āđāļĨāļ°āđāļĄāđāļāđāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāđāļāđāļāđāļāđ period, sequence āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ method āđāļāđāđāļ§āļĨāļēāļāļĩāđāđāļāđāļāđāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļ·āļ āļāđāļ§āļāđāļĢāļ (1,014.65 āļ§āļīāļāļēāļāļĩ) āđāļāđāđāļ§āļĨāļēāļĄāļēāļāļāļ§āđāļēāļāđāļ§āļāļāļĩāđāļŠāļāļ (852.90 āļ§āļīāļāļēāļāļĩ) āļāļĒāđāļēāļāļĄāļĩāļāļąāļĒāļŠāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļŠāļāļīāļāļī (P-value = 0.002) āđāļĨāļ°āđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļ (649.06 āļ§āļīāļāļēāļāļĩ) āļāđāļāļĒāļāļ§āđāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĄāļ·āļ (1,218.48 āļ§āļīāļāļēāļāļĩ) āļāļĒāđāļēāļāļĄāļĩāļāļąāļĒāļŠāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļŠāļāļīāļāļī (P-value < 0.001) āļŠāļĢāļļāļ: āđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļāļāļāđāļāļĢāļĻāļąāļāļāđāļĄāļ·āļāļāļ·āļāļāđāļ§āļĒāđāļŦāđāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļāļāļāļēāļāļĒāļēāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŠāļĩāđāļĒāļāļŠāļđāļāđāļāđāļāļĩāļāļ āđ āļāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļ§āļāļāđāļ§āļĒāļĄāļ·āļ āđāļāđāļĨāļāđāļ§āļĨāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļĄāļēāļ
āļāļģāļŠāļģāļāļąāļ: āđāļāļāļāļĨāļīāđāļāļāļąāļ, āđāļāļĢāļĻāļąāļāļāđāļĄāļ·āļāļāļ·āļ, āļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļāļāļāļēāļāļĒāļē, āļĒāļēāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļŠāļĩāđāļĒāļāļŠāļđāļ
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Abstract
Objectives: To compare scores and times in examining prescribed doses of high-alert drugs (HADs) in prescriptions between mobile phone application and manual calculation. Methods: This cross-over study tested two-period, two-sequence (application use followed by manual calculation and vice versa) and two-method (application and manual calculation) effects on scores and time in examining prescribed doses of 6 HADs (dobutamine, dopamine, potassium chloride, nicardipine, nitroglycerine and norepinephrine). Sample was 31 pharmacists working in 5 general hospitals and medical centers. The study was conducted from December 2015 to March 2016. The developed android application displayed all calculation steps. With each method, pharmacists examined (1) rate of administration (ml/hr) (2) dose per kg per min and (3) total dose (mg) in 7 prescriptions along with questions with comparable difficulty. Scores (total of 7 points) and time (in seconds) were recorded and statistically tested using ANOVA. Questionnaire on desirable characteristics the application was filled at the end of the experiment and presented as percentage. Results: Total scores on examining the prescribed doses were mostly more than 6 points with no statistical difference regarding differences in period, sequence or method. Time used in the first period (1,014.65 seconds) was longer than that in the second period (852.90 seconds) with statistical significance (P-value = 0.002), and that with application use (649.06 seconds) was shorter than that with manual calculation (1,218.48 seconds) with statistical significance (P-value < 0.001). Conclusion: Mobile phone application offered performance in examining prescribed doses of HADs comparable to that of manual calculation but with a shorter time.
Keywords: application, mobile phone, dose examination, high alert drug
Is The âSee and Treatâ Approach Appropriate for Management of Women with Abnormal Cervical Cytology in Thailand?
At present, the âsee and treatâ approach for women with abnormal cervical cytology is widely accepted. It has been proven to be more cost-effectiveness than conventional management, making it particularly attractive for many regions in Thailand where resources are limited and poor patientsâ compliance is expected. However, the main disadvantage of the âsee and treatâ approach is the risk of overtreatment. National Health Service (NHS) guidelines recommend that the overtreatment rate in the âsee and treatâ approach must be less than 10%. The overtreatment rate appears to be acceptable if the âsee and treatâ approach is carried out in women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) cytology or in women with lesser grades of smear abnormality whose colposcopic findings suggest high-grade disease
Adenocarcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix
Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) of the uterine cervix has been acknowledged as a precursor lesion of invasive adenocarcinoma. AIS is histologically characterized by the presence of endocervical gland lined by atypical endocervical epithelium resembling the cells of adenocarcinoma but has no evidences of stromal invasion. AIS occurs within the endocervical clefts, it is difficult to screen cytologically. Incorporating high-risk HPV-DNA testing into cytologic screening could better identify AIS lesion. For definitive diagnosis of AIS, cervical conization either with knife, electrical loop, or laser is required to ensure the exclusion of coexisting invasive adenocarcinoma. Hysterectomy remains the most preferred method of definite treatment. Conservative management by conization alone is only acceptable for whom preservation of fertility is an issue. The occurrences of recurrent or persistent disease for women treated for AIS are mostly noted during the first 3 years of follow-up emphasizing the necessity of extensive surveillance in this period
Evaluation of Completeness of Operative Records in Women Undergoing Gynecologic Surgery at Chiang Mai University Hospital
Objective: To evaluate the completeness of operative records at the general gynecologic surgery unit using the Good Surgical Practice (GSP) 2008 guidelines as a gold standard.Materials and methods: The operative records of women undergoing gynecologic operation at Chiang Mai University Hospital between January and July 2009 were reviewed. According to GSP 2008, the operative record should include all of the following data: (1) date and time of operation; (2) types of surgery ; (3) name of the operating surgeon and assistant; (4) operative procedure carried out; (5) incision; (6) operative diagnosis; (7) operative findings; (8) operative complications; (9) any extra procedure performed and its reason; (10) details of tissue removed, added or altered; (11) identification of any prosthesis used including serial numbers of such materials; (12) details of closure technique; (13) postoperative care instruction and (14) a signatureResults: During the study period, the medical records of 232 women who underwent gynecologic surgery were reviewed to determine the quality of the operative record. Postoperative care instruction was completely recorded in all operative notes (100%). Only 2 of the 14 items failed above 10% including details of incision (10.3%) and details of closure technique (12.9%). The signature was absent in 13 operative notes (5.6%).Conclusion: The evaluation results of operative records as per GSP 2008 guidelines in this study appear to be favorable. The details of incision and closure technique should be improved and periodic audit is required to assure that these standards are maintained
Risk Factors for Development of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Patients with Uveitis
Purpose: To describe risk factors for development of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in patients with uveitis. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 411 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients with uveitis (571 affected eyes) and report on prevalence, risk factors and visual outcomes of patients with RRD. Results: Prevalence of RRD was 7% of all patients with uveitis. Multivariate analysis revealed that posterior uveitis and panuveitis were associated with RRD (PÂ =Â 0.001). Strong association between RRD development and infectious uveitis was also observed (PÂ =Â 0.009). Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) was firmly associated with RRD development (PÂ =Â 0.016). Although anatomical success was obtained, functional outcome was poor. Poor visual outcomes at 6-month and 1-year follow-up were associated with initial VA < counting fingers (PÂ =Â 0.05, PÂ =Â 0.044). Conclusions: Prevalence of RRD in uveitis was 7% and development of RRD was encountered in posterior and panuveitis. Infectious uveitis (specifically ARN) formed a high risk for RRD
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