Differential Pulse Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Benzocaine and Butacaine with Nafion Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

A sensitive, simple and accurate differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetric (DPAdSV) method for determination of benzocaine (BZE) and butacaine (BTE) using a nafion modified glassy carbon electrode (NMGCE) is described. NMGCE exhibited significantly increased sensitivity and selectivity for BZE and BTE compared to the bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Factors affecting peak currents, such as accumulation potential, accumulation time, presence of surfactants, buffer pH, etc. for the determination of BZE and BTE, were studied using DPAdSV. The modified electrode was less susceptible to peak depression than the bare electrode in the presence of surfactants and ascorbic acid. Peak currents showed a linear response in the concentration range 3.2 x 10–9 to 4.5 x 10–7 mol dm–3 for BZE and 4.2 x 10–9 to 3.6 x 10–7 mol dm–3 for BTE, with the respective limits of detection (LOD) of 2.4 x 10–9 mol dm–3 and 3.6 x 10–9 mol dm–3 at NMGCE. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of BZE and BTE in a spiked human urine sample. Repeatability and reproducibility of the proposed method were also studied

Oral impacts on daily performances in white-collar port workers in Nellore, India — a cross-sectional study

Background: Oral diseases not only cause pain, but severely impair large number of individuals and can affect various aspects of life, including oral functions, appearance and interpersonal relationships. The aim of the study was to assess the interrelationship between oral impact on daily performance (OIDP) scores, socio-demographic characteristics, dental caries experience and periodontal status. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on a sample of 250 white-collar port workers who were willing to participate. OIDP was assessed using pre-validated questionnaire. Oral health status was assessed using modified World Health Organisation (1997) Proforma. Test of association was conducted between the OIDP score, socio-demographic variables, and periodontal status; loss of attachment was determined by using chi-square statistics and Mann-Whitney test. Logistic regression was performed to identify significant predictors of OIDP scores by inputting clinical oral examination variables into the equation, stepwise. Results: A total of 250 white-collar workers in the port participated in the study with mean age of 34.67 ± 6.36. Among them, 219 were males and 31 were females. The OIDP items most commonly affected by oral health status were eating and enjoying food (48.4%), cleaning teeth (48%), sleeping and relaxing (44.4%).There was statistically significant relationship between missing teeth in the decayed missing filled teeth component and OIDP score (p < 0.001). The participants with caries have a greater odd (2.11) of having OIDP score ≥ 1 than those without caries. The participants with missing teeth have a greater odd (3.60) of having OIDP score ≥ 1. The participants in the age group of 31–40 years had a greater odd (2.80) of having OIDP score ≥ 1. Conclusions: Oral health had an impact on the quality of life of white-collar workers in the port. Physical functions of teeth like eating and cleaning of teeth, sleeping and relaxing were more affected.

Rapid Diagnosis of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Patients. Comparison of LED Fluorescent Microscopy and the GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay in a District Hospital in India

HIV-related tuberculosis is difficult to diagnose and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Recently, the World Health Organization has endorsed the GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients from developing countries, but information about the use of Xpert for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is scarce. In this study, we compared the performance of light-emitting diode (LED) auramine fluorescent microscopy and the Xpert assay for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIV infected patients in a district hospital of India. Although at higher cost, Xpert outperformed LED fluorescent microscopy in all type of specimens, especially in cerebrospinal fluid where the number of positive results was increased 11 times. Pleural fluid, ascitic fluid, pus, and stool specimens also yielded positive results with the Xpert assay. When collecting two additional early-morning sputum samples, the increase of the number of positive results with the Xpert assay was lower than previously reported for HIV infected patients. Rifampicin resistance was observed in 2.2% of the cases. The results of this study show that the Xpert assay can dramatically improve the rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis and other types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis of HIV infected patients

A Study on Prognostic Factors in Management of Breast Carcinoma in A Tertiary Care Hospital

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor and leading cause of death in women worldwide. It accounts for 15% of all cancer deaths According to World Health Organisation (WHO), approximately 70% of breast malignancies occur in women with unknown risk factorsThe prognostic factor can be defined as a measurable variable which correlates with natural history of the disease. The most significant factor which influences prognosis in breast cancer is axillary lymph node involvement, which is usually assessed at time of surgery using sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary lymph node dissection. The number of lymph nodal involvement is also significant. Involvement of 1-3 lymph nodes carry better prognosis than 4-9 and more than 9 lymph nodes involvement. Size of the tumour has long been recognized as a prognostic factor and as predictor of axillary node status, with larger tumours being associated with a bad prognosis and an increased incidence of nodal metastasis. This study is conducted in Department of General Surgery, SVRRGGH, Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati for a period of more than one and half year after getting approval from Institutional Ethical Committee on March 2021. A prospective study of 50 patients who fulfilled Inclusion Criteria is taken into consideration to know how prognostic factors like tumor size & grade, axillary lymphnode involvement are influencing the prognosis and management of breast carcinoma. Patients who took part in the study were from 28-68 years of age. Majority of people were in the age group of 46-55 years (38%). Increasing age, involvement of axillary lymph nodes, tumors with larger size and higher grade, and lymphovascular invasions are all associated with worse prognosis Keywords: Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, Locally Advanced Breast Carcinom

Detection, Isolation and Characterization of Principal Synthetic Route Indicative Impurity in Lansoprazole

An unknown impurity in lansoprazole (2-[[[3-methyl-4-(2, 2, 2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridyl] methyl] sulfinyl] benzimidazole) was detected by HPLC and was identified as des-(trifluoroethoxy) lansoprazole, an principal synthetic route indicative impurity of lansoprazole. Lansoprazole was subjected to different ICH prescribed stress conditions like hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and thermal degradation conditions to enrich the impurity. The impurity was enriched by using acid catalytic degradation, isolated by using preparative HPLC and characterized (FTIR, MS and NMR). Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) are found to be 0.014% and 0.035% respectively

Susceptibilidad, resistividad y gap superconductor en BI₁.₇₅PB₀.₂₅SR₂CA₂CU₃O₁₀₊δ

En el presente trabajo discutimos medidas de susceptibilidad, resistividad y espectros infrarrojos del cerámico BI₁.₇₅PB₀.₂₅SR₂CA₂CU₃O₁₀₊δ, superconductor a 105 K. La caracterización por disfracción de rayos-X indica que la fase Bi-2223, con tres planos de Cu0₂, es mayoritaria mientras que las conocidas como Bi-2212 y Bi- 2201, con dos y un plano respectivamente, son solamente minoritarias. Las medidas de resistividad de Bi-2223 demuestran un comportamiento metálico entre 303 K y 110 K el que comienza a descender a 115 K, resultando igual a cero a 105 K. La señal diamagnética se satura a 105 K. Un abrupto umbral en el espectro de absorción infrarrojo-diferencia debido al estado superconductor es detectado a partir de la medición de espectros de absorción a temperatura ambiente, 110 K y 20 K. De la diferencia entre los dos primeros se verifica el condensado superconductor, y por consiguiente la presencia de por lo manos un gap superconductor, alrededor de 400 cm-1, están presentes en este compuesto a 110 K.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Mild and Highly Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,3-Unsaturated Glycopyranosides using La(NO3)3 · 6H2O as a Catalyst: Ferrier Rearrangement

A mild and highly efficient stereoselective reaction of 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal with a variety of nucleophiles, viz. alcohols, phenols, thiols, thiophenols, and allyl trimethyl silane (TMS), in the presence of 5 mol% of lanthanum(III) nitrate hexahydrate under solvent-free conditions yielded the corresponding 2,3-unsaturated glycopyranosides (pseudoglycals) in excellent yields