Wireless Sensor Network Security model using Zero Knowledge Protocol

Abstract: -Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) offer an excellent opportunity to monitor environments, and have a lot of interesting applications, some of which are quite sensitive in nature and require full proof secured environment. The security mechanisms used for wired networks cannot be directly used in sensor networks as there is no user-controlling of each individual node, wireless environment, and more importantly, scarce energy resources. In this paper, we address some of the special security threats and attacks in WSNs. We propose a scheme for detection of distributed sensor cloning attack and use of zero knowledge protocol (ZKP) for verifying the authenticity of the sender sensor nodes. The cloning attack is addressed by attaching a unique fingerprint to each node that depends on the set of neighboring nodes and itself. The fingerprint is attached with every message a sensor node sends. The ZKP is used to ensure non transmission of crucial cryptographic information in the wireless network in order to avoid man-in-the middle (MITM) attack and replay attack. The paper presents a detailed analysis for various scenarios and also analyzes the performance and cryptographic strength

Mechanism of Biocontrol of Aspergillus flavus in Groundnut by Species of Trichoderma

Aflatoxin contamination of groundnut by Aspergillus flavus is a serious problem affecting the quality and commercial value of groundnut kernels. Biological management of A. flavus infection at pre- and post-harvest levels by using species of Trichoderma is a promising approach. Trichoderma isolates from the fields of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka states of India were evaluated for their ability to control A. flavus (strain Af 11-4) in the laboratory. Out of 212 isolates of Trichoderma, 36 were potent antagonists and these were analyzed for the production of volatile and diffusible antibiotics. Twenty-one of the 36 isolates produced volatile antibiotics and 15 produced diffusible antibiotics. Biocontrol mechanism of their action was analyzed by estimating extracellular enzyme production viz, chitinase, protease and glucanase. Maximum chitinase activity was associated with the isolate T. viride (Tv 24), T. pseudokoningii (Tp 29) and T. harzianum (Th 42). T. harzianum showed a maximum protease activity while T. koningii (Tk 83) and T. longibrachiatum (Tl 102) produced glucanases in the presence of glucose

Novel Frame Work for Blockchain Based Votingapplication Using Ethereum Virtual Machine

Blockchain fills in as a scattered record development which licenses propelled assets for be executed in decentralized framework which works in a common manner. In bound together systems everything depends upon the central structure and the outcomes of throwing a voting form system were not exact considering the way that anyone can change. These kinds of results are wrong and not trustworthy by the people who are voting. The Voting machines that are accessible as of now rely upon the servers which are centralized. Here the people who are voting have to keep belief on the concentrated individuals for the accurate results. So, the contemplating decentralized law-based systems that can settle on the political choice procedure very snappy and easy. These scattered systems are the most praised advancement improvement in this present genuine world. Here Blockchain advancement has various wide extent of usages starting and beginning from distributing statistics, economics etc. Here the blockchain advancement is used as a help of achieve this just assembled application that depends concerning a decentralized appropriated application. Here, the structure works in the way as follows, the transactions or understandings whichever executed are changed over into machine reasonable method of reasoning that engages and ensures understanding among various people who are in the organization, and in like manner who has the solidarity to support their individual money exchanges, different activities and opposite party challenges that are associated with their checking and observing. Smart understandings will be enabled and they are to be passed on into a blockchain space or stage, the amount of possible use cases for this development will be checked and improves amazingly. The most critical use of this blockchain is that to empty the prerequisite for pariahs in the two individuals when all is said in done and the private parts, to end up being progressively capable and effective

Identification of Trichoderma species and their antagonistic potential against Aspergillus flavus in groundnut

The antagonistic potential of 212 Trichoderma isolates, obtained from soil samples collected from 4 districts in Andhra Pradesh, India, and 2 districts in Karnataka, India, against a highly aggressive and toxigenic strain of A. flavus (Af 11-4) was investigated. One-hundred and forty-five isolates were antagonistic to Af 11-4. Among these, only 39 showed clear inhibition zone against Af 11-4. These isolates were identified and further evaluated for antagonism, involving production of volatile and non-volatile antibiotics, and hyphal interaction with Af 11-4. The 39 isolates were classified into 6 groups: T. harzianum (11), T. hamatum (1), T. viride (9), T. longibrachiatum (5), T. koningii (9), T. pseudokoningii (3); and unknown species, based on morphological traits and inhibition zone against Af 11-4. Twenty-one isolates showed inhibition of Af 11-4 colony by producing volatile antibiotics compared with the control. Among the isolates, T 102 (T. longibrachiatum) showed the maximum inhibition. Fifteen isolates showed inhibition of Af 11-4 colony by producing diffusible antibiotics compared with the control. Isolate T 29 (T. pseudokoningii), T 42 (T. harzianum), and T 83 (T. koningii) showed significant inhibition of Af 11-4 growth. Examination under microscope for hyphal interactions showed that isolates T 16 (T. viride), T 109 (T. harzianum), and T 188 (T. viride) showed clear hyphal coiling with Af 11-4 mycelia

Bidirectional Communication With EPABX for Hotel Management Software (HMS) using Handshaking Protocol

The Hotel management system software bi-directionally connects to EPABX through handshaking protocol. The EPABX is named as NEOS. Earlier we were using long strings to get connected to EPABX which was very time consuming as well as tedious task and experts were required. For the reason HMS is introduce which will give all facilities to user at single click without the guidance of experts. The facilities such as check in/out, dialing right, alarm, temporary check-in/out and billing are provided to the user [1].The Proposed system comprise of 5 modules i.e. serial com driver, interpreter, application, GUI and database, which will help for the communication between HMS and EPABX. System is compatible which makes the work flexible, easy and reflex. Rest of the paper is divided into: Introduction, Related work, proposed model, Features of HMS, Flow of system, Research methodology, Advantage, Application, Conclusion and future work DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15021

Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis: A Glimpse into The Future

Background: A class of uncommon IgG4-related systemic diseases known as vasculitis caused by antineutrophil cytosolic antibodies (ANCA) is distinguished by the enlargement of small to large blood vessels. Objective: This review article offers an in-depth analysis of the most recent developments in ANCA-associated vasculitis, covering a range of topics from pathophysiology and diagnostics to treatment and long-term results.   Methods: In this review we investigated the existing work on ANCA associated vasculitis by different sources such as Science Direct, Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Science, Google scholar and SciHub. Results: A number of diseases, including eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), can have significant morbidity and mortality if they are not appropriately diagnosed and treated. Understanding the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and curative options for ANCA-associated vasculitis have advanced significantly during the past ten years. The development of specific immunosuppressive medications has been largely responsible for the remarkable evolution in recent years in the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Conclusion: This review article has provided a detailed examination of the therapy for AAV, alternatives available, including induction and maintenance regimens, as well as the accompanying advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, the growing importance of biologic drugs like rituximab was examined, emphasizing its potential as supplements or replacements for traditional medical treatments

Increased Adhesive Potential of Antiphospholipid Syndrome Neutrophils Mediated by β2 Integrin Macâ 1

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153125/1/art41057.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153125/2/art41057_am.pd

Evaluation of an integrated management package to reduced preharvest seed infection by Aspergillus flavus in groundnut

Two treatments, an integrated aflatoxin management package (IAMP) and normal farmers' practice were compared in Alfisol fields at ICRISAT, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India during kharif 2001. The IAMP consisted of summer ploughing of the field, seed treatment with carbendazim (Bavistin 50 WP) at 4 g/kg seed, furrow application of Trichoderma harzianum at 50 g culture mixed in 50 kg FYM before sowing (to make a final population of 1 × 106 CFU/g soil), spray of Nimbucidin (250 ml in 50 litres water) and a second spray of carbendazim (50 g) plus Dithane M-45 [mancozeb] (250 g) in 50 litres of water, if required, harvesting at 75% maturity, drying by inverted windrows for 3 days, and removal of damaged and diseased pods. The farmers' practice was summer ploughing, harvesting at full maturity, drying by leaving them in the field and removal of damaged pods. No chemical treatments were involved. For both treatments A. flavus strain Af 11-4 inoculum was applied at 50% flowering stage. Soil was sampled prior to sowing, before inoculum application and at harvest. Colonization of seeds by A. flavus was determined and aflatoxin contamination estimated by ELISA. Soil sample analysis showed unremitting growth of A. flavus in soils where farmers' practice was followed. Seed infection studies revealed predominance of A. flavus infection in plots under farmers' practice (10%) compared with that under IAMP (2%). No aflatoxin contamination was recorded in seed samples from plots subjected to either practice