COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS OF LEVOCETIRIZINE, RUPATADINE AND MOMETASONE IN PATIENTS OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS

Aim: To compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Rupatadine and mometasone with Levocetirizine which is most commonly used drug. To study the effects of levocetirizine, Rupatadine and mometasone on absolute eosinophil count and IgE levels. Methodology: The participants were randomly divided into 3 groups of 25 patients each and treated as follows: Group I: were treated with Levocetirizine 5mg OD for 14 days, Group II: were treated with Rupatadine 10mg OD for 14 days, Group III: were treated with Mometasone two sprays (50mcg of mometasone in each spray) in each nostril once daily (total daily dose of 200mcg) for 14 days. The patients were asked to report at the hospital after 14 day and they were followed up with regard to clinical improvement of symptoms and signs and any adverse effects as reported by the patient. Rhinoscopy finding, X- ray of para nasal sinus, improvement in symptoms (sneezing, Itching, nasal discharge, nasal blockage and anosmia) Absolute eosinophils count, Serum IgE levels and adverse reports were studied and investigation were compared before and after treatment. Result: Rhinoscope finding showed treatment with mometasone became normal but X- Ray of para nasal sinus results showed levocetirzine showed higher rate of improvement. In improvement of symptoms sneezing, itching and nasal discharge was high mometasone. In all groups post treatment there was no changes in Ig E and Absolute Eosinophils count. ADR reported with mometaxone. Conclusion: The three drugs, levocetirizine, rupatadine and mometasone were found to have similar levels of efficacy in controlling the symptoms of the allergic rhinitis. The physical signs improved better with mometasone than the other 2 drugs. The 3 drugs levocetirizine, rupatadine and mometasone had no significant effect on the absolute eosinophil count and the serum IgE levels. Adverse effects were found to be more with levocetirizine than the other two drugs. Considering this factor and also the fact that long term use of corticosteroids like mometasone is undesirable, rupatadine appears to be a better choice in the treatment of allergic rhinitis

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS OF LEVOCETIRIZINE, RUPATADINE AND MOMETASONE IN PATIENTS OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS

Aim: To compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Rupatadine and mometasone with Levocetirizine which is most commonly used drug. To study the effects of levocetirizine, Rupatadine and mometasone on absolute eosinophil count and IgE levels. Methodology: The participants were randomly divided into 3 groups of 25 patients each and treated as follows: Group I: were treated with Levocetirizine 5mg OD for 14 days, Group II: were treated with Rupatadine 10mg OD for 14 days, Group III: were treated with Mometasone two sprays (50mcg of mometasone in each spray) in each nostril once daily (total daily dose of 200mcg) for 14 days. The patients were asked to report at the hospital after 14 day and they were followed up with regard to clinical improvement of symptoms and signs and any adverse effects as reported by the patient. Rhinoscopy finding, X- ray of para nasal sinus, improvement in symptoms (sneezing, Itching, nasal discharge, nasal blockage and anosmia) Absolute eosinophils count, Serum IgE levels and adverse reports were studied and investigation were compared before and after treatment. Result: Rhinoscope finding showed treatment with mometasone became normal but X- Ray of para nasal sinus results showed levocetirzine showed higher rate of improvement. In improvement of symptoms sneezing, itching and nasal discharge was high mometasone. In all groups post treatment there was no changes in Ig E and Absolute Eosinophils count. ADR reported with mometaxone. Conclusion: The three drugs, levocetirizine, rupatadine and mometasone were found to have similar levels of efficacy in controlling the symptoms of the allergic rhinitis. The physical signs improved better with mometasone than the other 2 drugs. The 3 drugs levocetirizine, rupatadine and mometasone had no significant effect on the absolute eosinophil count and the serum IgE levels. Adverse effects were found to be more with levocetirizine than the other two drugs. Considering this factor and also the fact that long term use of corticosteroids like mometasone is undesirable, rupatadine appears to be a better choice in the treatment of allergic rhinitis

ANTI INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF CIPROFLOXACIN, AZITHROMYCIN AND DICLOFENAC SODIUM ON CARRAGEENAN INDUCED HIND PAW EDEMA IN MICE

Background: Obviously, antibacterial agents are primarily directed against bacteria. However, because microorganisms can initiate an exaggerated inflammatory reaction, and as pathogens which persist in cryptic reservoirs (cells or granuloma tissue) can be the underlying cause of chronic inflammation, the hypothesis that antibacterials can down regulate inflammation. Methodology: Healthy adult mice weighing 20 - 30 g and aged 6-8 weeks, each group 6 mice were included. 1% carrageenan administered to produce inflammation. Grouping: Group 1: Normal saline 0.2 ml. i.p., Group 2: Diclofenac sodium 25mg/kg, Group 3 Ciprofloxacin 50 mg/kg, Group 4: Azithromycin 20mg/kg. Drugs were administered Intra Peritoneal. After 30 min of test drugs administration each group of mice were received subplantar administration of 0.05ml of saline (Control) or 0.05ml carrageenan (1%) for test groups 2 to 4. Paw volumes were measured by dipping in to the mercury plethysmograph at 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes and results were tabulated. Results: Diclofenac, ciproflaoxin, Azithromycin inhibited paw edema in % at 30min 42.85, 28.55, 14.28, at 60min 75, 50, 25, at 120min 71.42, 42.85, 14.28, and at 180 min 50, 50, 25 respectively. Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin (50mg/kg) has exhibited consistent anti-inflammatory, but the anti-inflammatory activity of is less than that of Diclofenac sodium and Azithromycin also has exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, though much less when compared to Diclofenac sodium and Ciprofloxacin. Key words: Anti inflammatory effect; Azithromycin; Ciprofloxacin; Diclofenac Sodium; Paw edema; Mice

Observation of coherent Josephson response in the non-linear ab-plane microwave impedance of YBa2Cu3O6.95YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{6.95} single crystals

We report novel non-linear phenomena in the $ab$-plane microwave impedance of $YBaCu_{2}O_{7-\delta }$ single crystals. The $R_s$ vs. $H_{rf}$ data are well described by the non-linear RSJ model : $\dot{\phi}+\sin \phi =i_{rf}\cos \omega t$. The entire crystal behaves like a single Josephson junction. The extraordinary coherence of the data suggests an intrinsic mechanism.Comment: 2 pages,1 figure, Submitted to Proc. of M^2SHTSC-V (Beijing), also available at http://sagar.physics.neu.edu/preprint

ANTI INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF CIPROFLOXACIN, AZITHROMYCIN AND DICLOFENAC SODIUM ON CARRAGEENAN INDUCED HIND PAW EDEMA IN MICE

Background: Obviously, antibacterial agents are primarily directed against bacteria. However, because microorganisms can initiate an exaggerated inflammatory reaction, and as pathogens which persist in cryptic reservoirs (cells or granuloma tissue) can be the underlying cause of chronic inflammation, the hypothesis that antibacterials can down regulate inflammation. Methodology: Healthy adult mice weighing 20 - 30 g and aged 6-8 weeks, each group 6 mice were included. 1% carrageenan administered to produce inflammation. Grouping: Group 1: Normal saline 0.2 ml. i.p., Group 2: Diclofenac sodium 25mg/kg, Group 3 Ciprofloxacin 50 mg/kg, Group 4: Azithromycin 20mg/kg. Drugs were administered Intra Peritoneal. After 30 min of test drugs administration each group of mice were received subplantar administration of 0.05ml of saline (Control) or 0.05ml carrageenan (1%) for test groups 2 to 4. Paw volumes were measured by dipping in to the mercury plethysmograph at 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes and results were tabulated. Results: Diclofenac, ciproflaoxin, Azithromycin inhibited paw edema in % at 30min 42.85, 28.55, 14.28, at 60min 75, 50, 25, at 120min 71.42, 42.85, 14.28, and at 180 min 50, 50, 25 respectively. Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin (50mg/kg) has exhibited consistent anti-inflammatory, but the anti-inflammatory activity of is less than that of Diclofenac sodium and Azithromycin also has exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, though much less when compared to Diclofenac sodium and Ciprofloxacin. Key words: Anti inflammatory effect; Azithromycin; Ciprofloxacin; Diclofenac Sodium; Paw edema; Mice

Comments on "Vortex Glass and Lattice Melting Transitions in a YNi_2B_2C Single Crystal"

Recently, Mun et.al. (Phys. Rev. Lett., 76, 2790 (1996)) have published their results on single crystal YNi_2B_2C, claiming that their experimental observations can be explained in terms of formation of Vortex Glass and Lattice melting. Our experiments, carried out on samples obtained from the SAME source, reveal a much richer phase diagram and span wider regions of experimental parameter space than Mun et. al. that encompasses most of their observations. We speculate that this material has anomalous intrinsic properties and the results cannot be explained by simple models about the flux lattice.Comment: 1 page, LaTeX type, 1 PostScript figure, Uses PRABIB.STY file, 600 dpi PS file available at http://sagar.physics.neu.edu/preprints.html To appear in Physical Review Letter

Microwave properties of (PrxY1−x)Ba2Cu3O7−δ(Pr_xY_{1-x})Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta} : Influence of magnetic scattering

We report measurements of the surface impedance $Z_s=R_s+iX_s$ of $(Pr_xY_{1-x})Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$, $(x=0,0.15,0.23,0.3,0.4,0.5)$. Increasing $Pr$ concentration leads to some striking results not observed in samples doped by non-magnetic constituents. The three principal features of the $R_s(T)$ data - multiple structure in the transition, a high residual resistance and, at high $Pr$ concentrations, an upturn of the low $T$ data, are all characteristic of the influence of magnetic scattering on superconductivity, and appear to be common to materials where magnetism and superconductivity coexist. The low $T$ behavior of $\lambda (T)$ appears to change from $T$ to $T^4$ at large $Pr$ doping, and provides evidence of the influence of magnetic pairbreaking of the $Pr$.Comment: 5 pages, 3 eps figures, Revtex, 2-column format, uses graphicx. To appear in Physica C. Postscript version also available at http://sagar.physics.neu.edu/preprints.htm