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Not Available© 2018, Saudi Society for Geosciences. The purpose of this study is to assess the groundwater quality and identify the processes that control the groundwater chemistry in a crystalline aquifer. A total of 72 groundwater samples were collected during pre- and post-monsoon seasons in the year 2014 in a semi-arid region of Gooty Mandal, Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The study utilized chemometric analysis like basic statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), principal component analysis (PCA), Gibbs ratio, and index of base exchange to understand the mechanism of controlling the groundwater chemistry in the study area. The results reveal that groundwater in the study area is neutral to slightly alkaline in nature. The order of dominance of cations is Na + > Ca 2+ > Mg 2+ > K + while for anions, it is HCO3− > Cl− > NO3− > SO42− > CO32− > F− in both seasons. Based on the Piper classification, most of the groundwater samples are identified as of sodiu m bicarbonate (Na+−HCO3−) type. According to the results of the principal component analysis (PCA), three factors and two factors were identified pre and post monsoon, respectively. The present study indicates that the groundwater chemistry is mostly controlled by geogenic processes (weathering, dissolution, and ion exchange) and some extent of anthropogenic activities.Not Availabl

Module III: geohydrology context

The purpose of the module is to demonstrate how scientific information can make a big difference in proper understanding of the differences in WS impacts across projects and sites. The module presents scientific information in an easy-to-understand format. Concepts are explained and applied and implications discussed making the module highly practice oriented. Rich scientific information on case study sites is presented in detail to help visualize the case study characteristics clearly so that the learners can relate the information to sites they are familiar with. Toward the end of the module, learners will be exposed to a decision support tool that can be run on Microsoft Excel, which is designed to assist in water resource planning for watershed at the mesoscale. It can also be used for assessing changing land use and climate regimes within the watershed. The tools help in exploring recharge interventions, changes in cropping patterns, and irrigation practices

Association of hydrogeological factors in temporal variations of fluoride concentration in a crystalline aquifer in India

International audienceThe major part of groundwater in India is found in granitic aquifers. Fluoride in groundwater from a crystalline aquifer in a semi-arid region of granitic rocks in India, known as Maheshwaram watershed, was analyzed for spatial and temporal variability during 1999-2002 to assess the effect of hydrogeological factors on fluoride concentration. Samples were collected from 32 representative wells in the area for the pre- and post-monsoon seasons and analyzed for F content. The CHESS computer program was used to calculate ionic activities of aqueous species and the mineral saturation index (SI) for calcite and fluorite. The GARDENIA computer program was used to calculate the recharge values in the study area. The influences of dissolution kinetics of fluoride minerals and recharge from rainfall on fluoride concentration were of interest and results clearly indicate that fluoride content in groundwater depends on the interaction period of groundwater with host rock. Results could also be utilized for designing remedial measures particularly with dilution method in an optimal way

Exploring Implications of Climate, Land Use, and Policy Intervention Scenarios on Water Resources, Livelihoods, and Resilience

The potential of integrated assessment methodologies to understand and support resource management problems is increasingly promoted in the scientific and associated management literature. This is because of the need to take a 'whole of system' approach to complex environmental problems, where complex and interacting processes exist within a system. Integrated Assessment Models (IAM) provide a framework that represents the current understanding of the system, identifies key relationships along with critical knowledge gaps, and explores likely trade-offs between environmental, economic or social outcomes under alternative management options. In this chapter, outputs from the hydrogeological, hydrological, biophysical and socioeconomic analyses presented in earlier chapters are used to explore the possible impacts of biophysical and socioeconomic scenarios on capital stocks and drought resilience