Association and correlation of thyroid dysfunction with anemia types in pregnant women of northern Andhra Pradesh, India

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is a common disorder in pregnancy along with anemia. But no study has evaluated the association between them. To estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and its association with anemia types in pregnant women during 1st trimester.Methods: Three hundred and eighty pregnant women with <12 weeks of gestational age were selected for the study with no history of thyroid dysfunction and anemia. All the pregnant women were classified into A, euthyroid and B, thyroid dysfunction groups. The B group was again subdivided into hypothyroid, subclinical hypothyroid (SCH), hyperthyroid according to nature of dysfunction. 5 ml of blood sample was collected from all subjects to analyse thyroid hormones and erythrocyte indices.Results: Out of 380 subjects, euthyroid was found to be 77.9%, and rest 22.1% were with thyroid dysfunction. Out of 84 thyroid dysfunction, hypothyroid was found to be 7.9%, SCH 13.9% and hyperthyroid was 0.3%. Out of 296 euthyroid women, anemia was identified in 97 pregnant women (32.8%) whereas in thyroid dysfunction women it was 43 women out of 84 (51.2%) which is a statistically significant. Significantly higher frequency of microcytic hypochromic anemia and normocytic normochromic anemia types were also found in thyroid dysfunction groups compared to euthyroid group (p<0.05). However, no significance between the thyroid dysfunction groups, Statistically significant difference was observed in the Hb concentration, RBC count, MCV, MCH and PCV between euthyroid and different thyroid dysfunction conditions (p<0.05). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between fT4 and erythrocyte indices.Conclusions: As fT4 and TSH correlated with erythrocyte indices, it is advisable to screen for thyroid dysfunction and vice versa so as to prevent the complications associated with anemia and thyroid dysfunction

Monsoon variability –climate change - sustainable development with special reference to Andhrapradesh

India is an agricultural country and is also a monsoonal country. There are two Monsoon systems. South West monsoon (summer monsoon) and North East monsoon (winter monsoon) influencing the weather and climate of the country. It is these two monsoons which gives water by way of rainfall and this rainfall results in runoff, infiltration, percolation and deep percolation. Part of it results in storage as ground water and part of it evaporates.&nbsp; This rainfall sustains the water in the lakes and tanks. This replenishes the ground water and raises the water levels in the wells. This rainfall is vital for Agriculture. In order to have sustainable agricultural production, we must know not only the rainfall amount but its variation. The aim and objective of the present article is to analyze the monsoon rainfall and its variation over a long period for the state of Andhra Pradesh. The climatic trends of rainfall and climate change for various stations in Andhra Pradesh have been presented and discussed and steps to sustainable development have been suggested.&nbsp

Electro-Mechanical Actuator: A Simulation Study

Electro-Mechanical Actuator (EMA) modeling and simulation using Simulink block set has been implemented and tested with input step and repeated sequences. The results obtained from this simulation are satisfactory. This simulation model can be used for developing EMA health condition monitoring techniques and educational purpose. Basically a simplified and complete Simulink based approach is presented

Role of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in determining the outcomes of preterm premature rupture of membranes

Background: Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is a significant obstetric problem. Evaluation of neutorphil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is expected to throw light on the potential scope of early prediction of PPROM. With this background, the present study was carried out to compare the NLR among preterm PROM and healthy controls to evaluate the predictive role of NLR and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).Methods: This case control study was carried out among 101 pregnant women 44 pregnant women diagnosed with Preterm PROM and 55 term gestation matched healthy controls. Laboratory parameters (including complete blood count were measured. PLR was calculated as the number of platelets divided by the lymphocyte count, and NLR was calculated by dividing the neutrophil Count by the lymphocyte count, both of which were obtained from the same blood samples.Results: All the inflammatory markers including total count, neutrophil count, NLR and PLR ratios were elevated among PPROM group compared to the controls. The observed differences in the mean levels of these parameters were statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: It may be considered that monitoring of NLR during second and early third trimesters as a routine practice among high risk mothers can significantly help in early prediction of PPROM and help in minimizing adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes

Genotipovi P i G goveđeg rotavirusa i njihova prevalencija u teladi najranije dobi.

To investigate the epidemical characteristics and genotypic distribution of bovine rotavirus in Punjab, 120 fecal samples were collected from calves exhibiting diarrhea and screened for the presence of rotavirus using RNA-PAGE and RT-PCR. Twenty-three samples were positive by RNA-PAGE having electrophoretic patterns that corresponded to mammalian group A rotaviruses. All the samples were (120) screened by RT-PCR for VP7 and VP4 genes and 16 samples were found to be positive for VP7. Out of these 16 samples, 4 samples were also positive for VP4. These were analyzed further by multiplex semi-nested PCR for G and P genotypes, and it was confirmed that 43.75% (7/16) were the G3 type, while 6.25% (1/16) was the G8 type and 50% (8/16) were dual G3G8 types. P genotyping classified all the samples 100% (4/4) as the P[5] genotype. It may be concluded that most prevalent combination of rotavirus infection in bovine was G3G8P[5] in Punjab.Radi istraživanja epizootioloških obilježja i proširenosti genotipova goveđeg rotavirusa u Punjabu, prikupljeno je bilo 120 uzoraka izmeta teladi s proljevom te pretraženo na prisutnost rotavirusa RNApoliakrilamid-gel-elekroforezom (RNA-PAGE) i lančanom reakcijom polimerazom uz prethodnu reverznu transkripciju (RT-PCR). Od toga su 23 uzorka bila pozitivna pretragom RNA-PAGE s elektroforetskim uzorkom koji je odgovarao skupini A rotavirusa sisavaca. Svih 120 uzoraka izmeta bilo je pretraženo RT-PCR-om na prisutnost gena za proteine VP7 i VP4. Ustanovljeno je 16 pozitivnih za VP7. Od tih 16, četiri su bila pozitivna i za VP4. Ti su dodatno bili pretraženi višestrukom poluugniježđenom lančanom reakcijom polimerazom za genotipove G i P. Utvrđeno je da je 43,75% (7/16) pripadalo genotipu G3, dok je 6,25% (1/16) bilo genotipa G8, a 50% (8/16) pripadalo je i G3 i G8 genotipu. Svi su uzorci (4/4) na osnovi P genotipizacije pripadali genotipu P[5]. Može se zaključiti da je infekcija goveda u Punjabu najčešće uzrokovana kombinacijom rotavirusa G3, G8 i P[5]

A Study of Challenges and Recommendations for Teaching: DevOps Education

DevOps has gained significant popularity in the software industry due to its ability to enhance collaboration, improve software delivery, and drive organizational agility. However, providing effective education and training in DevOps poses several Issue. This research paper presents an interview study conducted with a seasoned DevOps professional to explore the challenges faced in DevOps education and provide recommendations for addressing these challenges. The study highlights the evolving nature of the DevOps landscape, the interdisciplinary nature of DevOps, and the need for hands-on learning experiences. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of continuous curriculum updates, practical exercises, cross-functional collaboration, industry partnerships, and fostering a continuous learning mindset. The findings from this study contribute to the understanding of the unique challenges and recommendations for improving DevOps education

Spatial Temporal Provenance For Generating Location Proofs In Distributed Setting

We propose a STP proof conspire named Spatial-Temporal provenance Assurance with Mutual Proofs (STAMP). STAMP goes for guaranteeing the uprightness and non-transferability of the STP proofs, with the capacity of ensuring clients' protection. The majority of the current STP evidence plans depend on remote framework (e.g., WiFi APs) to make proofs for portable clients. Notwithstanding, it may not be attainable for a wide range of uses, e.g., STP pros for the green commuting and combat zone cases unquestionably can't be gotten from wireless APs

FESCCO: Fuzzy Expert System for Career Counselling

Artificial intelligence involves two basic ideas. First, it involves studying the thought processes of human beings. Second, it deals with representing those processes via machines (like computers, robots, etc.). Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and techniques have useful purposes in every domain of mental health care including clinical decision-making, treatments, assessment, self-care, mental health care management and more. This application involves an AI based fuzzy expert system which helps the students to give a basic idea or insight of possible career opportunities, to enable them to move forward towards the path most suitable for them in all respects. This project will give a personal aid to the students taking into consideration, the student’s interest and aptitude test result. The fuzzy expert in our project will choose accurate careers for the user accordingly

Provision of Relevant Results on web search Based on Browsing History

Different users submit a query to a web search engine with different needs. The general type of search engines follows the "one size fits all" model which is not flexible to individual users resulting in too many answers for the query.  In order to overcome this drawback, in this paper, we propose a framework for personalized web search which considers individual's interest introducing intelligence into the traditional web search and producing only relevant pages of user interest. This proposed method is simple and efficient which ensures quality suggestions as well as promises for effective and relevant information retrieval. The framework for personalized web search engine is based on user past browsing history. This context is then used to make the web search more personalized. The results are encouraging

PRONIOSOMES: A VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

In the development of new dosage forms, drug delivery using nanotechnology is playing a vital role. Vesicular drug delivery systems have gained wide attention in the field of nanotechnology, such as niosomes, liposomes and proniosomes. Among the vesicular carriers, proniosomes are superior. Proniosomes are water-soluble carrier particles that are coated with surfactant so these are dry formulations. They are rehydrated to use on agitation in hot aqueous media within minutes to form niosomal dispersion immediately. Both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugscan be incorporated into these proteasomes. The physical stability problems of niosomes like aggregation, fusion and leaking are minimized in proniosomes, routes, such as oral, parenteral, dermal and transdermal, ocular, oral mucosal, vaginal, pulmonary, and intranasal. Proniosomes prolong the existence of the drug in the systemic circulation and finally reduces toxicity. This review focuses on different aspects of proniosomes such as preparation, characterization, in vitro drug release, entrapment efficiency, applications in the present scenario in the market and future trends