The "crowding out" of private expenditures by fiscal policy actions

Fiscal policy ; Crowding out (Economics)

Poseidon American Society of Civil Engineers/Master Builders Rocky Mountain Regional Concrete Canoe Competition

The concrete canoe team has been selected in behalf of the Utah State University Student Chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineers to prepare an entry for the 1998 ASCE Rocky Mountain Regional Concrete Canoe Competition. This event is co-sponsored by the American Society of Civil Engineers and Master Builders, Inc., and has become a tradition at annual ASCE regional conferences nationwide

Variation in deer mice from different elevations

December 1961.Includes bibliographical references (pages 80-85).Covers not scanned.Print version deaccessioned 2021.Geographical variation in populations of Pero-myscus maniculatus from north-central Colorado was studied during the years 1957-1958. A total of seven hundred twenty-eight mice was collected from seven sites at elevations from 5,000 feet to 11,500 feet. The sites represented several diverse habitat types. Variation among populations in lengths of the condyle-premaxillar distance, condyle-zygomatic distance, nasal, femur, maxillary tooth row, mandible, and width of the skull at the bullae was insignificant. The reflectance of the pelage, as measured by photoelectric reflectometer, was greater for plains specimens than for mountain specimens. It was observed that the color of the pencillation of the tail varied from brown to black. The intensity of the color in the pencillation was related to the general darkness of the pelage. Brown tails occurred more frequently in plains mice while black tails predominated in mice from high elevations. The darkness of pelages increased with elevations and was correlated with the darkness of the soil, although not strongly so. The differences in coat color among populations may have resulted through selection by predators. It was noted also that litters tended to be larger in female mice from the highest localities. The average litter at 5,000 feet elevation was 4.0 embryos; at 6,000 feet it was 4.6 and at 8,000 to 10,000 feet it was 5.0. The causative factors behind variation in the number of young produced per litter are not known. In the course of obtaining the specimens, observations were made of the patterns of distribution of Peromyscus maniculatus through the environment. At all sites, the mice were found most abundantly in a limited portion of the habitat. The distribution of mice, as a result, is dendritic or discontinuous, which may have had important effects in evolution of differences among populations

The toluene-aluminum chloride-hydrogen chloride complex

It was the aim of the project to: 1- Develop analytical techniques to determine the relative amounts of the aluminum chloride, hydrogen chloride, and toluene in the dark liquid catalyst. 2 - Determine the change in the relative amounts of aluminum chloride, hydrogen chloride, and toluene with time as the addition of hydrogen chloride was discontinued and the reaction mixture was left standing, prot cted fro moisture by a drying tube

The President’s Report, October 6, 1977

The President’s Report for October 6, 1977

Immigration in American History

Americans often cite their country as a nation of immigrants. To this end, the topic of American immigration has garnered significant attention by historians and sociologists, as well as policy makers. This historiography will review the body of research and analysis which has contributed to our current understanding and perspectives on American immigration. To gain a firmer grasp of American immigration as it has evolved over time, this paper will examine how immigration has been researched through nine themes and events. These themes are: the general study of American immigration; early American immigration; nativism; the Chinese Exclusion Act; Immigration from Mexico; immigration\u27s effect on American culture; American opinion on immigration; immigration in education; and immigration policy formation. Reviewing the research performed in each of these themes or events lends perspective to the overall landscape of immigration in American history. The researcher has established two key objectives which drove this study. The first objective was to analyze how six influential immigrant groups have been characterized in popular film. The second objective of this research was to examine how the six immigrant groups\u27 respective demographic images in films compare to actual recent demographic statistics per the 2000 United States Census. In order for students to connect to immigration in American history, teachers need to find ways to make the material appealing and relevant to them. The original research in this paper focuses on how film accurately or inaccurately portrays immigrant groups in society. Given that students are a vital part of American society affected by immigration, and that high school students generally have an interest in movies, teachers can use the research presented herein to provide instruction using film. With the knowledge and perspective gained from a film-based lesson, students will be prepared to perform their own research on immigration in their community

The President’s Report, May 10, 1977

The President’s Report for May 10, 1977

Part I: Studies toward the total synthesis of Trocheliophorolide A. part II: Studies on the development of a palladium-catalyzed carbonylative cross-coupling towards the synthesis of alkenyl alkynyl ketones

In Part I, efforts toward the total synthesis of a novel antibacterial γ-lactone, Trocheliophorolide A, are described. The natural product was isolated from Red Sea soft corals S. trocheliophorum and L. arboreum. Biological assays show that this compound exhibits significant growth inhibition of bacterial cell lines S. aureus and B. subtilis. The structure consists of an (S)-β-angelica lactone ring connected to an ynediene side chain. Our strategy employs synthesis of the lactone ring as a stannylfuranone, which will be Stille coupled with vinylidene dibromide to form an alkenyl bromide. This alkenyl bromide will be cross-coupled with an enynyl metal species to install the remainder of the sidechain, affording the target natural product. The stannylfuranone ring was constructed using a tandem palladium-catalyzed hydrostannation-lactonization protocol. In Part II, a study towards the synthesis of alkenyl alkynyl ketones via a novel palladiumcatalyzed carbonylative cross-coupling reaction of alkynyl halides and alkenylstannanes is discussed. Initial efforts have focused on optimization of the direct cross-coupling of the two components in the absence of carbon monoxide pressure antecedent to development of the carbonylative coupling reaction