Erratum: Factors influencing time-location patterns and their impact on estimates of exposure: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air)

We assessed time-location patterns and the role of individual- and residential-level characteristics on these patterns within the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air) cohort and also investigated the impact of individual-level time-location patterns on individual-level estimates of exposure to outdoor air pollution. Reported time-location patterns varied significantly by demographic factors such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, education, and employment status. On average Chinese participants reported spending significantly more time indoors and less time outdoors and in transit than white, black, or Hispanic participants. Using a tiered linear regression approach, we predicted time indoors at home and total time indoors. Our model, developed using forward selection procedures, explained 43 percent of the variability in time spent indoors at home, and incorporated demographic, health, lifestyle, and built environment factors. Time-weighted air pollution predictions calculated using recommended time indoors from USEPA(1) overestimated exposures as compared to predictions made with MESA Air participant-specific information. These data fill an important gap in the literature by describing the impact of individual and residential characteristics on time-location patterns and by demonstrating the impact of population-specific data on exposure estimates

Integrating data from multiple time-location measurement methods for use in exposure assessment : the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air)

Tools to assess time-location patterns related to environmental exposures have expanded from reliance on time-location diaries (TLDs) and questionnaires to use of geospatial location devices such as data-logging Global Positioning System (GPS) equipment. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution obtained typical time-location patterns via questionnaire for 6424 adults in six US cities. At a later time (mean 4.6 years after questionnaire), a subset (n=128) participated in high-resolution data collection for specific 2-week periods resulting in concurrent GPS and detailed TLD data, which were aggregated to estimate time spent in various microenvironments. During these 2-week periods, participants were observed to spend the most time at home indoors (mean of 78%) and a small proportion of time in-vehicle (mean of 4%). Similar overall patterns were reported by these participants on the prior questionnaire (mean home indoors: 75%; mean in-vehicle: 4%). However, individual micro-environmental time estimates measured over specific 2-week periods were not highly correlated with an individual's questionnaire report of typical behavior (Spearman's ρ of 0.43 for home indoors and 0.39 for in-vehicle). Although questionnaire data about typical time-location patterns can inform interpretation of long-term epidemiological analyses and risk assessment, they may not reliably represent an individual's short-term experience

Abstract 9899: Effects of Ambient Air Pollutants on Progression of Cardiac Structure and Function in the Echocardiographic Study of Latinos

Byline: Claire L Leiser, Dept of Epidemiology, Univ of Washington, WA; Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Dept of Biostatistics, Univ of North Carolina, NC; Elizabeth W Spalt, Dept of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Univ of Washington, WA; Barry E Hurwitz, UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, Miami, FL; Martha L Daviglus, UNIVERSITY ILLINOIS CHICAGO, Chicago, IL; Bonnie Shook-Sa, Dept of Epidemiology, Univ of Washington, WA; Carlos J Rodriguez, Dept of Epidemiology & Population Health, Einstein College of Medicine, NY; Joel D Kaufman, UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON, Seattle, WA Background: Air pollutants may affect cardiac function; effects preceding clinical diagnosis of heart failure are not understood. We assessed longitudinal associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and cardiac structure and function among 1,660 participants in the Echocardiographic Study of Latinos, in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Hypothesis: Air pollution is associated with longitudinal changes in subclinical structure/function. Methods: Left ventricular (LV) mass index, relative wall thickness, average global longitudinal strain (GLS), LV ejection fraction, e', left atrial (LA) volume index, E/e' ratio, and diastolic function grades were assessed by echocardiogram. Air pollution concentrations were estimated from validated spatio-temporal models at home locations, as mean concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2for the yearprior to clinical visit 1 (V1, 2008-2011) and 2 (V2, 2015-2018). A mixed effects model was used to jointly model cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between time-varying air pollution and continuous measures of CF, adjusted for baseline physical activity, gender, education, age, BMI, SBP, DBP, statin use, diabetes, and hypertension status and time-varying smoking and alcohol use, with random intercepts for clinical center and primary sampling unit. Results: Participants' mean age was 56.4 years at V1; mean follow-up was 6.52 years. Mean PM2.5 was 10.3 ð­g/m3 at V1 and 8.8 ð­g/m3 at V2. Mean NO2was 17.4 ppb at V1 and 14.3 at V2. Per interquartile range of pollutant, higher PM2.5 and NO2were associated with a 0.52% (95% CI -0.16, 1.11) and 0.98% (95% CI 0.13, 1.23) increase in GLS, respectively. NO2was associated with -1.07% (95% CI -2.24, 0.10) decrease in LV ejection fraction. PM2.5 was associated with a 0.75 (95% CI 0.39, 1.12) increase in e' and a 1.25 (95% -1.95, -0.56) decrease in E/e' ratio. No other associations with air pollution and echo measures were found. Conclusion: These findings suggest that air pollution is associated with longitudinal changes in GLS, LV ejection fraction, e', and E/e' ratio in a US Hispanic/Latino cohort, an important understudied population. Air pollution may represent a modifiable risk factor in the development of clinical heart failure.Professiona

Factors influencing time-location patterns and their impact on estimates of exposure: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air)

We assessed time-location patterns and the role of individual- and residential-level characteristics on these patterns within the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air) cohort and also investigated the impact of individual-level time-location patterns on individual-level estimates of exposure to outdoor air pollution. Reported time-location patterns varied significantly by demographic factors such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, education, and employment status. On average Chinese participants reported spending significantly more time indoors and less time outdoors and in transit than white, black, or Hispanic participants. Using a tiered linear regression approach, we predicted time indoors at home and total time indoors. Our model, developed using forward selection procedures, explained 43 percent of the variability in time spent indoors at home, and incorporated demographic, health, lifestyle, and built environment factors. Time-weighted air pollution predictions calculated using recommended time indoors from USEPA(1) overestimated exposures as compared to predictions made with MESA Air participant-specific information. These data fill an important gap in the literature by describing the impact of individual and residential characteristics on time-location patterns and by demonstrating the impact of population-specific data on exposure estimates